Este trabalho consiste em um estudo acerca da dialética entre literatura e sociedade no romance regional brasileiro. Diacronicamente, são analisados os romances O sertanejo,de José de Alencar, S. Bernardo, de Graciliano Ramos, e Grande Sertão Veredas, de Guimarães Rosa. O objetivo da tese é demonstrar de que modo, ao longo do tempo, os antagonismos sociais próprios do Brasil rural foram transfigurados esteticamente pelosromances cuja matéria se formou na experiência rural brasileira. As pesquisasapontaram que, no cerne desses romances, encontra-se formalizado o conflito entre proprietários e despossuídos, em torno do qual gravitam temas a ele relacionados, comoamor, violência, trabalho, liberdade e favor. O embasamento teórico advém da tradição crítica materialista dialética, especialmente Antonio Candido, Roberto Schwarz e Raymond Williams. (AU)
This work consists of a study about the dialectics between literature and society in the Brazilian regionalist novel. Diachronically, the novels analyzed are O Sertanejo, by José de Alencar, S. Bernardo, by Graciliano Ramos, and Grande Sertão Veredas, by Guimarães Rosa. The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate in which manner, as timegoes by, the social antagonisms that are typical of rural Brazil were transfiguredaesthetically by the novels whose matter has been formed by the Brazilian ruralexperience. Researches have pointed out that, at the center of these novels, we find in artistic form the conflict between property owners and the dispossessed, and around that conflict we see gravitating the themes related to it, such as love, violence, labor, freedom and favor-exchanging. The theoretical basis comes from the tradition of the dialectic and materialist criticism, specially Antonio Candido, Roberto Schwarz and Raymond Williams. (AU)