Role of LPS in the hepatic microvascular dysfunction elicited by cecal ligation and puncture in mice.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Sepsis remains a leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Because endotoxemia is viewed as a key mediator of sepsis-induced inflammation, administration of bacterial endotoxin (LPS) is often used to simulate sepsis in experimental animals. This study tests the hypothesis that LPS is a critical determinant of the hepatic microvascular dysfunction in mice made septic by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). METHODS: Intravital videomicroscopy was used to quantify sinusoidal perfusion, and platelet and leukocyte adhesion in terminal hepatic venules (THV) and sinusoids in LPS-sensitive and LPS-insensitive mice subjected to CLP or LPS (i.p.). mRNA expression of TLR-2, TLR-4, MyD-88, and Ly-96 was also assessed. RESULTS: While LPS-sensitive mice responded to both CLP and LPS challenges with elevated leukocyte and platelet adhesion in THV and sinusoids, and a reduced sinusoidal perfusion density, LPS-insensitive mice exhibited comparable blood cell adhesion and sinusoidal malperfusion following CLP, but not LPS. Hepatic mRNA of MyD-88 and TLR-2 was elevated in the CLP and LPS groups. Endotoxin was not detectable in the blood of LPS-sensitive mice after CLP, but was elevated after LPS administration. CONCLUSIONS: These findings do not support a major role for LPS in the hepatic microvascular disturbances associated with polymicrobial sepsis.