Fatal cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in an immunocompetent individual due to Thielavia subthermophila.

We report the first case of fatal brain infection in an Indian farmer caused by Thielavia subthermophila, a dematiaceous thermophilic fungus in the order Sordariales, and present a review of previous infections from this order. The patient failed amphotericin B therapy combined with surgical excision despite the drug's low MICs in vitro.