The Development of the Attitude Toward Professional Autonomy Scale for Nurses in Japan.

This study's aim was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Attitude toward Professional Autonomy Scale for Nurses in Japan. In Study 1, the initial (26-item) version of the scale was pilot tested on 454 Japanese nurses; item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were performed. In Study 2, the revised version of the scale (19 items) was administered to 802 Japanese nurses. The scale had good internal consistency (α = .85). Correlations with the scale of the desire of self-determination supported its concurrent validity. The scale could facilitate the assessment of cognitive aspects of professional autonomy among nurses and contribute to assessment of the propensity to behave autonomously among nurses in various clinical settings.