Changes in the profiling of bioactive components with the roasting process in Lycium chinense leaves and the anti-obesity effect of its bioaccessible fractions.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the profiles of bioactive components in roasted Lycium chinense leaves (LCLs) and its in vitro anti-obesity activity after digestion processes. RESULTS: Chlorogenic acid, kaempferol-3-sophoroside-7-glucoside, kaempferol-3-sophoroside, and kaempferol-3-glucoside were discovered as bioactive components in various ratios of ethanol (EtOH) extract in LCLs by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrophotometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). The roasting process followed by a 30% EtOH extraction tended to decrease the content of chlorogenic acid and kaempferol-3-glucoside, and enhanced the content of kaempferol-3-sophoroside-7-glucoside. It effectively inhibited pancreatic lipase activity by 62.50 ± 4.81%, which was approximately 1.71 percentage points higher than that of the dried-nonroasted LCL extract (60.79 ± 3.75%). Its bioaccessible fraction obtained from in vitro digestion significantly and dose dependently reduced intracellular lipid accumulation by adipocyte 3T3-L1 compared with a 30% EtOH extraction. At a concentration of 200 µg mL-1 , it inhibited lipid accumulation up to 29.55% in 3T3-L1 cells, which indicated that human digestive enzymes converted kaempferol-3-sophoroside-7-glucoside to kaempferol metabolites that have anti-obesity effects. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the profiling of bioactive components by processing methods and a bioaccessible fraction could be crucial to improve the bioactivity of LCLs, and potentially be a natural anti-obesity ingredient after oral intake. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.