The conformational cycle of a prototypical voltage-gated sodium channel.
Nat Chem Biol
; 16(12): 1314-1320, 2020 12.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33199904
ABSTRACT
Electrical signaling was a dramatic development in evolution, allowing complex single-cell organisms like Paramecium to coordinate movement and early metazoans like worms and jellyfish to send regulatory signals rapidly over increasing distances. But how are electrical signals generated in biology? In fact, voltage-gated sodium channels conduct sodium currents that initiate electrical signals in all kingdoms of life, from bacteria to man. They are responsible for generating the action potential in vertebrate nerve and muscle, neuroendocrine cells, and other cell types1,2. Because of the high level of conservation of their core structure, it is likely that their fundamental mechanisms of action are conserved as well. Here we describe the complete cycle of conformational changes that a bacterial sodium channel undergoes as it transitions from resting to activated/open and inactivated/closed states, based on high-resolution structural studies of a single sodium channel. We further relate this conformational cycle of the ancestral sodium channel to the function of its vertebrate orthologs. The strong conservation of amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure suggests that this model, at a fundamental level, is relevant for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic sodium channels, as well as voltage-gated calcium and potassium channels.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Células Procarióticas
/
Bactérias
/
Potenciais de Ação
/
Canal de Sódio Disparado por Voltagem NAV1.5
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos