[Hematopoietic cell transplantation for FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia].

ABSTRACT

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations are observed in 25-30% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Due to poor prognosis associated with FLT3-mutated AML, allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation is commonly performed to induce remission. With the availability of active FLT3 inhibitors and improvement in transplants techniques, the outcomes of AML have improved drastically. The results of many clinical trials have shown that FLT3 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy and post-transplant maintenance therapy are most effective for AML. Furthermore, these developments have opened up the possibility of transplantation for elderly patients in whom transplantation is difficult. Here, we discuss the optimal approach for treating FLT3-mutated AML using FLT3 inhibitors, allogenic transplantation, and post-transplant maintenance therapy.