Positive and negative personality descriptors: UK dataset of self-referential valence, imageability and subjective frequency ratings of 300 adjectives for use in cognitive-emotional tasks.

ABSTRACT

Experimental tasks comparing participants' performance for categorising, remembering, and recognising positive and negative words are widely used in the emotional cognitive domain. Such tasks are commonly used in experimental psychology and psychiatry research, and have been shown to be sensitive biomarkers of depression and antidepressant drug action [1,2]. In addition, several of these tasks investigate self-referential processing i.e., the processing of information relevant to oneself; this has been shown to modify the way emotional words are encoded and remembered and may be a target that is amenable to treatment [3,4]. In practice, the development of such tasks for implementation in research studies often depends on the selection and matching of words according to characteristics such as valence or arousal, imageability, word frequency and word length to investigate differences in a chosen domain of interest whilst keeping important confounds constant. This introduces a need for ratings covering a range of word attributes that have been shown to affect processing. In particular, ratings of self-referential valence (how positively or negatively subjects feel about a word when this is used to describe themselves/their circumstances) have been seldom included in databases, despite the frequent investigation of the concept in research [1,5]. Other important attributes often considered in the process of matching and selection are word imageability and subjective frequency [6,7]. To facilitate the word selection and matching process required in cognitive-emotional task development, the present dataset provides subjective ratings for 150 positive and 150 negative adjectives describing personality characteristics. Across four online surveys, the 300 words were rated on self-referential valence, imageability and subjective frequency by representative samples of 200 UK-based, English-speaking adults. Basic demographics and data on depressive symptoms and state anxiety were collected from all participants. Comprehensive descriptive statistics and word length were calculated for each of the 300 words. All data cleaning and statistical analysis was performed in R. Our work is based on years of experience using the Oxford Emotional Task Battery [1,5] and may be particularly relevant for researchers using self-referential cognitive tasks with UK-based samples.