The association between body weight indices, behavioral factors, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based epidemiological studies.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
; 34(1): 1-18, 2024 Jan.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38016892
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant public health concern in Africa. While the associations between modifiable risk factors and T2DM are likely to be Africa-specific, their overall estimations have not been published. This study aimed to use systematic and meta-analytic methods to examine the strength of associations between modifiable risk factors and T2DM in Africa. METHODS ANDRESULTS:
A systematic search of literature published between January 2000 to March 2022 was conducted. The review included only population-based studies and data extracted from 57 studies. Of these, unadjusted data from 50 studies were included in meta-analysis. With considerable heterogeneity between studies, random-effect models were calculated to ascertain the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between obesity (OB) and overweight (OV), defined by BMI; central obesity (waist circumference (OB-WC), waist-to-hip-ratio (OB-WHR)), alcohol, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, physical activity (PA) and T2DM. Moderator effects of age, African regions, and urban/rural location were assessed. Risk factors associated with T2DM include BMI-OB [OR = 3.05, 95% CI (2.58, 3.61)], BMI-OV [OR = 2.38, 95% CI (1.51, 3.75)], and BMI-OV/OB [OR = 2.07, 95% CI (1.82, 2.34)]; OB-WC [OR = 2.58, 95% CI (2.09, 3.18)] and OB-WHR [OR = 2.22, 95% CI (1.69, 2.92)]; PA [OR = 1.85, 95% CI (1.50, 2.30)]. Significant moderator effects were not observed.CONCLUSION:
Obesity defined by BMI and central obesity, but not behavioral risk factors were most strongly associated with T2DM in African populations, emphasizing the need for obesity prevention to limit the rise of T2DM. REGISTRATION The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42016043027.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article