Unprecedented effect of vitamin D3 on T-cell receptor beta subunit and alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in a 3-nitropropionic acid induced mouse model of Huntington's disease.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: 3-NP induction in rodent models has been shown to induce selective neurodegeneration in the striatum followed by the cortex (Brouillet, 2014). However, it remains unclear whether, under such a neurotoxic condition, characterized by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, the gene expression of the immune resident protein, T-cell receptor beta subunit (TCR-ß), α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChRs), the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), and antioxidants (Cat and GpX4) get modulated on Vitamin D3 (VD) supplementation in the central nervous system. Methods: In the present study, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to study the expression of respective genes. Male C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks) were divided into four groups namely, Group I Control (saline); Group II 3-NP induction via i.p (HD); Group III Vitamin D3 (VD) and Group IV (HD + VD) (Manjari et al., 2022). Results: On administration of 500IU/kg/day of VD, HD mice showed a significant reduction in the gene expression of the immune receptor, TCR-ß subunit, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), inflammatory cytokines, and key antioxidants, followed by a decrease in the acetylcholinesterase activity. Conclusion: A novel neuroprotective effect of VD in HD is demonstrated by combating the immune receptor, TCR-ß gene expression, antioxidant markers, and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, HD mice on VD administration for 0-15 days showed an enhancement in cholinergic signaling with restoration in α7 nAChRs mRNA and protein expression in the striatum and cortex.