Child-father and child-mother attachment relationships in naturalistic settings.

This study examines paternal and maternal sensitivity as predictors of toddlers' attachment security in two naturalistic contexts. Seventy-three mostly White middle-class families participated between 2015 and 2019 when children (49.3% girls) were approximately 29.48 months old. Each child-parent dyad completed a home and playground visit. Findings revealed paternal and maternal sensitivity were significantly associated at home and marginally at the playground. Paternal sensitivity was only predictive of security to the father at the playground, showing a medium effect, while small effects of maternal sensitivity on security to the mother were found in both contexts. Cross-parent contributions to security were small and limited to the playground. The need to consider the greater ecology of child-parent relationships and suggestions for larger-scale research are discussed.

Protein kinase D1 inhibition interferes with mitosis progression.

Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) plays a vital role in signal transduction, cell proliferation, membrane trafficking, and cancer; however, the majority of the studies up to date had centered primarily on PKD1 functions in interphase, very little is known about its role during cell division. We previously demonstrated that during mitosis PKD1 is activated and associated with centrosomes, spindles, and midbodies. However, these observations did not address whether PKD1 was associated with mitosis regulation. Accordingly, we used rapidly acting PKD-specific inhibitors to examine the contribution of PKD1 the sequence of events in mitosis. We found that although PKD1 overexpression did not affect mitosis progression, suppression of its catalytic activity by two structurally unrelated inhibitors (kb NB 142-70 and CRT 0066101) induced a significant delay in metaphase to anaphase transition time. PKD1 inhibition during mitosis also produced the appearance of abnormal spindles, defects in chromosome alignment, and segregation as well as apoptosis. Thus, these observations indicate that PKD1 activity is associated with mitosis regulation.

Preschoolers' secure base script representations predict teachers' ratings of social competence in two independent samples.

Associations between attachment security, assessed as a secure base script (SBS), and teachers' social competence ratings were examined in two samples (one from the Midwest region and the other from the Southern region of the United States). Consistent with previous reports, significant associations between domains were obtained in both samples and after combining the two samples, r = .33, p < .001. The associations remained significant when child sex, age, and verbal intelligence were controlled. Findings are discussed with reference to relations between SBS scores and the covariates. Regarding sex differences, an existing literature suggests that girls, compared with boys, may be advantaged with respect to skills that could support higher scores on the task used to assess secure base scripts. In both samples, teachers rated girls as somewhat higher on scales of social competence and controlling for sex reduced the magnitude of associations between SBS and social competence, but the results remained significant in all tests.

V. MATERNAL SENSITIVITY AND CO-CONSTRUCTION SKILLS: CONCURRENT AND LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATIONS WITH PRESCHOOLERS' SECURE BASE BEHAVIOR.

This study investigated the associations among maternal sensitivity, maternal secure base script co-construction skills, and children's secure base behavior during early childhood. Maternal sensitivity and children's secure base behavior were assessed in naturalistic settings among 81 mother-child dyads when the children were approximately 3.5 years old. Maternal co-construction skills were also assessed at that age via a joint mother-child storytelling task. Maternal sensitivity and secure base behavior were assessed again when children (N = 74) were about 5.5 years old. Results indicated that mother sensitivity assessed at the early age was significantly related to maternal co-construction skills. Maternal co-constructive skills in turn were also significantly associated with children's secure base behavior both concurrently and longitudinally. Finally, regression analyses indicated both maternal sensitivity, concurrently at each point in time, and co-construction skills contributed unique and significant information to the prediction of child secure base behavior.

Centelleografía con eritrocitos marcados in vitro con 99mTc comparada con 111In-octreótido en la detección de glomus carotídeo / Centelleography with 99mTC-labelled erythrocytes in comparison to 111In-octreotide in carotid glomus

Objetivo. Demostrar la utilidad de la centelleografía con 111In-octreótido en la detección del glomus carotídeo único o múltiple comparada con los eritrocitos marcados con 99mTc. Calcular la sensibilidad, especificidad y precisión de ambas pruebas. Diseño. Encuesta comparativa (prueba diagnóstica). Lugar. Hospital Oncológico de concentración del Distrito Federal, México. Sujetos. Veinte pacientes enviados al servicio de medicina nuclear para diagnóstico de glomus carotídeo. Mediciones principales. A todos se les realizó centelleografía con eritrocitos marcados con 99mTc y con 111In-octreótido. El diagnóstico se confirmó con tomografía axial computarizada y ultrasonido, se tomó como estándar de oro la angiografía selectiva y/o histopatología. Resultados. Con eritrocitos marcados con 99mTc las verdaderas positivas fueron 13, verdaderas negativas tres, falsas positivas tres, falsas negativas una; la sensibilidad fue de 92 por ciento, especificidad 50 por ciento, exactitud 80 por ciento. Con el 111In-octreótido verdaderas positivas 14, verdaderas negativas seis, falsas positivas 0, falsas negativas 0. Se obtuvo una sensibilidad, especificidad y exactitud de 100 por ciento. El intervalo de confianza fue de 95 por ciento. Conclusiones. Consideramos que la centelleografía con 111In-octreótido debe ser la metodología de imagen de elección para detectar con certeza el glomus carotídeo previo a la cirugía o bien radioterapia en pacientes que por su edad, por el tamaño de la lesión o por su localización no son candidatos a cirugía.