ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim was to analyze the fracture resistance of human teeth treated endodontically and restored with posts made of bovine dentin, human dentin, or glass fiber, and to evaluate the fracture pattern. METHODS: Cylindrical posts of 1.5 mm in diameter cemented to the roots of human maxillary canines presented a length of 15 mm, cervical diameter of 5-5.5 mm in the mesiodistal direction, and 7-7.5 mm in the vestibule-palatal direction. The groups studied were: Group I-10 glass fiber posts; Group II-10 human dentin posts; Group III-10 bovine dentin posts (self-adhesive resin cement); and Group IV-10 bovine dentin posts (resin-modified glass-ionomer cements). The coronal part of tooth was restored with a standardized core build-up using composite. All of the groups were submitted to a compression force test and the resistance to fracture was verified using a universal testing machine. The fracture pattern was likewise evaluated. RESULTS: The values of resistance to fracture were: 723.3N in group I, 561.5N in group II, 556.6N in group III, and, 613.27N in group IV. However, no statistically significant difference was observed among the groups. The fractures in groups I and II were most commonly found in the middle/apical third and were considered irreparable. For restored teeth in group III, half of the fractures appeared in the cervical third and were reparable. In group IV, all of the fractures were reparable, with the majority in the cervical thirds. CONCLUSION: Bovine dentin can be used as intraradicular post to substitute human dentin and glass fiber posts. The greater the malleability of the post, the greater the chances of survival of the teeth when subjected to fracture testing.
Subject(s)
Post and Core Technique , Tooth Fractures , Tooth, Nonvital , Animals , Cattle , Composite Resins , Dental Stress Analysis , Dentin , Humans , Materials Testing , Resin Cements , Tooth Fractures/etiologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Severe physical facial deformities due to surgical interventions can have significant psychosocial consequences to patient's relationships with friends and family and thus, has a considerable impact on their quality of life. We have developed a 3D prosthesis for a 56-year-old woman diagnosed with epidermoid carcinoma at the right hemiface, to improve her quality of life. METHODS: The patient started radiotherapy with modulated intensity. To deal with the advance of the process, a maxilectomy of supra structure with modified radical cervical emptying on the right hemiface was performed. Reconstruction of areas surgically affected by the displacement of islands of skin and muscle (flaps) from healthy regions was initiated. Although the procedure occurred without intercurrences, the patient developed necrosis and loss of the myocutaneous flap. After the removal of the flap, the esthetic result of the treatment was evident causing exposure of subcutaneous and granulation tissues. RESULTS: A computational model was used to develop a 3D structure of the affected area and then used to construct the prosthesis. The prosthesis was applied over the affected area, and the patient was able see her face on the mirror for the first time in years. The patient was grateful and hopeful. CONCLUSION: We have found that the application of this new technology greatly improves the social interaction of patients with deformities due to surgical interventions.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Esthetics/psychology , Face/surgery , Prostheses and Implants/standards , Quality of Life/psychology , Surgical Flaps/standards , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , Face/pathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pilot ProjectsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of using wrist immobilization orthoses made from different materials, on activation of the flexor and extensor musculature of the forearm while performing specific tasks. METHODS: Twenty-six adults, with an average age of 26.2 years, underwent the Jebsen-Taylor functional hand test and the grip strength test (Jamar(®) dynamometer) under three conditions: free hand, wearing a composite orthosis and wearing a thermoplastic orthosis. The tests were carried out using the dominant hand only. During the tests, surface electrodes were attached to the flexor and extensor muscles of the forearm to record the muscle electrical activity. The results obtained under the three conditions were compared and analyzed using the Wilcoxon statistical test. RESULTS: Significant differences in muscle activation were found between using the free hand and using any of the orthoses. There was no significant difference in muscle activation between the two types of orthosis. A decrease in activity of the extensor muscles of the forearm was observed during all the tasks, as well as an increase in activation of the flexor muscles with the use of the orthoses. CONCLUSION: These results are important for defining whether an orthosis should be prescribed during the rehabilitation process for a wide range of disorders, such as tendinitis of the flexors and extensors of the wrist and fingers, as well as for predicting the length of time for which these devices should be used.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of orthosis on the forearm muscle activation. Twenty-six adults, with average age of 26, performed the Jebsen Taylor Test. The volunteers also performed the grip strength test under three conditions: free hand (without orthosis), wearing a composite orthosis, and wearing a thermoplastic orthosis. Only the dominant hand was studied. The mean of three measures of grip strength and the time spent to perform the tests were used to compare the results. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon Test. There was a decrease in grip strength with the use of orthosis. Significant differences were noticed when the volunteers were tested with and without orthosis. No significant differences were observed when data from the two orthosis were compared. A decrease in time to perform the tasks during the Jebsen Taylor Test was noticed with the use of orthosis. Wrist extension orthosis interferes on grip strength and manual function, but it does not restrain its execution.
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do uso de órtese de imobilização do punho, confeccionada com diferentes materiais, na função manual e na força de preensão. Métodos: Vinte e seis adultos, com média de idade de 26 anos foram submetidos ao Teste Funcional da Mão de Jebsen Taylor e ao Teste de Força de Preensão (Dinamômetro Jamar®), em três condições: com a mão livre, com o uso de órtese de compósito e com a órtese de termomoldável. Os testes foram realizados apenas com a mão dominante. Utilizou-se, para comparação, a média de três medidas da força de preensão e do tempo gasto para a realização dos subtestes. Os resultados obtidos nas três condições foram comparados e analisados utilizando-se o teste estatístico de Wilcoxon. Detectou-se redução da força de preensão com o uso de órtese. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando comparadas a força de preensão na condição livre e com o uso de quaisquer das órteses. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando comparadas a força de preensão com o uso dos dois tipos de órtese. Observou-se uma redução do tempo gasto para a realização das tarefas com o uso das órteses. A órtese de imobilização do punho em extensão tem influência na força de preensão manual e na função manual, porém sem implicar na impossibilidade de sua execução.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Orthotic Devices , Wrist , Hand StrengthABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Analisar o efeito do uso de órtese de imobilização do punho, confeccionada com diferentes materiais, na ativação da musculatura flexora e extensora do antebraço durante a realização de tarefas específicas. MÉTODOS: Vinte e seis adultos, com média de idade de 26,2 anos, foram submetidos aos Testes Funcional da Mão de Jebsen-Taylor e de Força de Preensão (dinamômetro Jamar®) em três condições: com a mão livre, com o uso de órtese de compósito e com a órtese de termomoldável. Os testes foram realizados apenas com a mão dominante. Durante a realização dos testes, eletrodos de superfície foram afixados nos grupos musculares flexores e extensores do antebraço para registro da atividade elétrica muscular. Os resultados obtidos nas três condições foram comparados e analisados utilizando o teste estatístico de Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando comparadas a ativação muscular na condição livre e com o uso de qualquer das órteses. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando comparada a ativação muscular com o uso dos dois tipos de órtese. Observou-se redução da ativação dos músculos extensores do antebraço durante a realização de todas as tarefas e aumento da ativação dos músculos flexores com o uso das órteses. CONCLUSÃO: Esse é um resultado importante para a definição da indicação, ou não, do uso de órteses no processo de reabilitação de várias desordens - entre outras, a tendinite de flexores e extensores do punho e dos dedos -, bem como para a previsão do tempo de uso desses dispositivos.
OBJECTIVE: to investigate the effect of wrist immobilization orthoses, made from different materials, on activation of the flexor and extensor musculature of the forearm while performing specific tasks. METHODS: Twenty-six adults, with an average age of 26.2 years, performed the Jebsen-Taylor functional hand test and the Grip Strength test (James® dynamometer) under three conditions: free hand, wearing a composite orthosis, and wearing a thermoplastic orthosis. The tests were carried out using the dominant hand only. During the tests, surface electrodes were placed on the flexor and extensor muscles of the forearm to record the electrical muscle activity. The results obtained in the three conditions were compared, and the results analyzed using the statistical Wilcoxon Test. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in muscle activation when comparing the free hand with the use of any of the orthoses. In the comparison of data for the two different orthoses, no significant differences were found. A decrease in activity of the extensor muscles of the forearm was observed during all the tasks, as well as an increase in activation of the flexor muscles with the use of the orthoses. CONCLUSION: These results are important for the prescription of an orthosis during the rehabilitation process of a wide range of pathologies, such as tendinitis of the flexors and extensors of the first and fingers, as well as for forecasting the time of use of these devices.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Electromyography , Orthotic Devices , WristABSTRACT
Terapeutas ocupacionais recomendam órteses de punho como recurso terapêutico na reabilitação de pacientes com desordens do punho relacionadas ao esforço da musculatura do antebraço. Contudo, existem achados na literatura de que as órteses ao invés de reduzirem a carga na musculatura do antebraço, aumentam a atividade eletromiográfica dos flexores e extensores, sugerindo que a meta de descanso nem sempre é alcançada...
Occupational therapists recommend wrist orthoses as a therapeutic resource in the rehabilitation program of patients with wrist disorders due to the demands of the forearm musculature. however, there are findings in the literature considering that the orthoses would increase the electromygraphy activity of flexor and extensor muscle...