ABSTRACT
Corramycin 1 is a novel zwitterionic antibacterial peptide isolated from a culture of the myxobacterium Corallococcus coralloides. Though Corramycin displayed a narrow spectrum and modest MICs against sensitive bacteria, its ADMET and physchem profile as well as its high tolerability in mice along with an outstanding in vivo efficacy in an Escherichia coli septicemia mouse model were promising and prompted us to embark on an optimization program aiming at enlarging the spectrum and at increasing the antibacterial activities by modulating membrane permeability. Scanning the peptidic moiety by the Ala-scan strategy followed by key stabilization and introduction of groups such as a primary amine or siderophore allowed us to enlarge the spectrum and increase the overall developability profile. The optimized Corramycin 28 showed an improved mouse IV PK and a broader spectrum with high potency against key Gram-negative bacteria that translated into excellent efficacy in several in vivo mouse infection models.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Escherichia coli Infections , Mice , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Gram-Negative Bacteria , Bacteria , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
Vps34 (the human class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase) is a lipid kinase involved in vesicle trafficking and autophagy and therefore constitutes an interesting target for cancer treatment. Because of the lack of specific Vps34 kinase inhibitors, we aimed to identify such compounds to further validate the role of this lipid kinase in cancer maintenance and progression. Herein, we report the discovery of a series of tetrahydropyrimidopyrimidinone derivatives. Starting with hit compound 1a, medicinal chemistry optimization led to compound 31. This molecule displays potent activity, an exquisite selectivity for Vps34 with excellent properties. The X-ray crystal structure of compound 31 in human Vps34 illustrates how the unique molecular features of the morpholine synthon bestows selectivity against class I PI3Ks. This molecule exhibits suitable in vivo mouse PK parameters and induces a sustained inhibition of Vps34 upon acute administration. Compound 31 constitutes an optimized Vps34 inhibitor that could be used to investigate human cancer biology.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology , Class III Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Pyrimidinones/pharmacology , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism , Area Under Curve , Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/chemistry , Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacokinetics , Caco-2 Cells , Cell Line, Tumor , Class III Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/chemistry , Class III Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism , Crystallography, X-Ray , Drug Discovery , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics , HeLa Cells , Humans , Male , Mice, SCID , Models, Chemical , Models, Molecular , Molecular Sequence Data , Molecular Structure , Neoplasms/pathology , Protein Binding , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Pyrimidinones/chemistry , Pyrimidinones/pharmacokinetics , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sequence Homology, Amino Acid , Thermodynamics , Xenograft Model Antitumor AssaysABSTRACT
A series of 9-oxime-11,12-carbamate ketolides was synthesized for the first time through a key 11,12-hydrazonocarbamate intermediate that was first oximated and further deaminated to give the corresponding carbamate. The N-N bond cleavage was achieved through an original new reaction using glycoaldehyde dimer as deaminating reagent. The new compounds synthesized were shown to display improved antibacterial activities against Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. pyogenes resistant to erythromycin.