ABSTRACT
Spontaneous behavior of ventricular extrasystoles (VE) was analysed. From a database containing 578 athletes with VE, 84 males and 11 females (29.9 ± 18.1 years) having ≥ 100 VE or repetitive VE [ventricular couplets (VC) or ventricular tachycardias (VT)] at first 24-hour Holter electrocardiographic monitoring (24-h-HM) (baseline) and at least 1-year of follow-up (3.1 ± 2.2 years) over the past 10 years were selected. The baseline was compared with the last 24-h-HM to establish DVE (VE reduction of at least 98%/24 h in the absence of VC or VT). SDVE was calculated as standard deviation of the number of VE on serial 24-h-HMs. DVE and SDVE were considered as dependent variables. Independent variables were: age, sex, type of sport, symptoms, baseline VE rate (BVE), baseline VC and VT, VE morphology, VE behavior during the baseline training session, disqualification from competitive sports, echocardiographic abnormalities. DVE occurred in 32 athletes (34%). SDVE varied from 0 to 12,658 VE/24 h (1916 ± 2649.9). Disappearance of VE during the baseline training session (DVET) correlated to DVE (P = 0.0319). BVE directly correlated to SDVE (P = 0.0008). Athletes' VE are highly variable over time, their variability depending on BVE, and they not infrequently tend to disappear. The only useful variable for predicting DVE is DVET.
Subject(s)
Physical Conditioning, Human/physiology , Sports/physiology , Tachycardia, Ventricular/physiopathology , Ventricular Premature Complexes/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This work has been carried out to identify any factor associated with the long-term treatment through the analysis of all the data concerning the sociodemographic, psychosocial, anamnestic and clinical variables existing before the disease. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The research, carried out by the Mental Health Service in Bibbiena (U.S.A. 21) is a retrospective "case-control" study using a sample of 140 patients (70 "cases" and 70 "controls") that had the first contact with the psychiatric service in the period 1973-1989. We have defined l'cases" those patients who have been treated by the Service on a continuing basis for at least 5 years without an interruption more than three months. The "controls" were patients selected at random from the same population of "cases", resident in the same districts (catchment area of Casentino), but treated for a period shorter than 5 years. "Cases" and "controls" were in pairs on the ground of sex, age (range +/-5 years) and year of admittance to the service. A doctor of the postgraduate school of psychiatry was aware of "case" or "control" state, collected all informations using a questionnaire filled in according to medical records, psychiatric admission registers and information received by the psychiatric service staff. RESULTS: The study suggests that significance risk factors for long-term patients are:--diagnosis of schizophrenia. --a history of past suicide attempts and assaultive behavior.
Subject(s)
Long-Term Care , Mental Disorders/therapy , Psychiatric Department, Hospital , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Confidence Intervals , Female , Humans , Italy , Logistic Models , Long-Term Care/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Psychiatric Department, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
When cultured in liquid media, samples of the yeast Trichosporon grow readily and degrade phenol; glutamate was found to stimulate both fungal growth and phenol catabolism, with a distinctive lag. In addition, this same strain grows in the presence of 2-chloro-phenol and 2-methyl, 4-chlorophenol (which are also degraded) and in the presence of 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, which are either degraded or not, as in the case of 4-nitrophenol. The kinetics of both growth and of aromatic catabolism is suggestive of inductive phenomena for key metabolic enzymes.
Subject(s)
Phenols/metabolism , Trichosporon/metabolism , Culture Media , Glutamates/pharmacology , Glutamic Acid , Microbiological Techniques , Trichosporon/growth & development , Trichosporon/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
This study empirically investigated the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and combat level on Vietnam veterans' perceptions of their children's behavior, as well as its effects on their marital adjustment. Results indicated that the predictor variables of PTSD and combat level together explained 33.6% of the variance in perceived child behavior problems (p < .001) and 51.8% of the variance in marital adjustment (p < .001). In addition, PTSD and combat level, when observed together, reliably predicted internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in addition to four specific areas of marital adjustment. When observed individually, however, it was shown that child behavior problems and marital adjustment were predicted primarily by PTSD, rather than combat level.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Child Behavior , Combat Disorders/psychology , Marriage/psychology , Veterans/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child Behavior Disorders/diagnosis , Child, Preschool , Combat Disorders/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Individuality , Male , Marital Therapy , Middle Aged , Parenting/psychology , Personality InventoryABSTRACT
Yoshida tumor cells contain consistent amounts of type 2 transglutaminase, along with a membrane bound form of the enzyme. Digitonin permeabilized cells retain a large proportion of type 2 TGase and of substrate proteins which are labelled by radioactive putrescine in the presence of calcium. GTP inhibits protein labelling at low calcium concentration by inhibiting type 2 TGase without affecting membrane-bound TGase. These results support the notion that inhibition of type 2 TGase by GTP is physiologically relevant.
Subject(s)
Digitonin/pharmacology , Guanosine Triphosphate/pharmacology , Sarcoma, Yoshida/enzymology , Transglutaminases/metabolism , Animals , Binding Sites/drug effects , Calcium/metabolism , Cell Membrane/drug effects , Cell Membrane Permeability , Putrescine/metabolism , Rats , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
We have purified to homogeneity 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from leaves of silver beet (Beta vulgaris L.) by means of cation-exchange and affinity chromatography. The enzyme is a homodimer of 52 kDa subunits; it catalyzes NADP dependent oxidation of 6-P-gluconate with Michaelian substrate saturation. The activity is affected by some intermediates of carbohydrate metabolism, particularly erythrose-4-P. Subcellular fractionation studies indicate the cytosolic location of the enzyme.
Subject(s)
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase/isolation & purification , Vegetables/enzymology , Chromatography, Affinity , Chromatography, Ion Exchange , Gluconates/metabolism , Kinetics , Macromolecular Substances , Molecular Weight , NADP/pharmacology , Oxidation-Reduction , Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase/chemistry , Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Sugar Phosphates/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Homogenates of Yoshida hepatoma cells, cultured as ascite suspension in vivo, display significant transglutaminase activity in both the cytosolic and the particulate fraction. The enzyme, however, is predominantly membrane-bound. Transglutaminase was solubilized from the membranes either by extraction with detergents or treatment with neutralized hydroxylamine or proteinases. We observed similar molecular weight under denaturing conditions, catalytic and immunologic properties for purified cytosolic and solubilized transglutaminase, and identity of the limited proteolytic maps. These results suggest that transglutaminase isoforms actually consist of the same protein undergoing translocation by unknown mechanisms.