[Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined Electrical Stimulation on Coanitive Function of Patients Receiving Extracerebral Intervention].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine combined electrical stimulation on cognitive function of neurosurgical diseases patients treated by extracerebral intervention. METHODS: Totally 122 patients with neurosurgical diseases who underwent selective intervention were randomly assigned to the observation group and the control group, 61 cases in each group. Patients in the control group recieved anesthesia by dexmedetomidine. Those in the observation group received electrical stimulation at Baihui (DU20), Yintang ( EX-HN3), and Neiguan (PC6) before dexmedetomidine anesthesia. The cognitive function of patients at preoperative day 1 and postoperative day 1 was respectively evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examinations (MMSE). Serum NSE, S-100ß, IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were detected in the two groups before intervention and immediately after intervention using ELISA. RESULTS: MMSE scores of two groups were significantly reduced at post-intervention day 1, as compared with one day before intervention. MMSE score of the observation group at post-intervention day 1 was (23.15 ± 1.87) points, significantly higher than that of the control group [ (19.34 ± 1.64) points , (P < 0.05)]. The postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) incidence rate of the observation group was 16.4% (10/61), significantly lower than that of the control group [39.3% (24/61); P < 0.05]. Compared with before intervention, NSE and S-100ß protein levels, IL-1ß, IL-6 and α-TNF levels of the two groups increased (P < 0.05). Post-intervention NSE and S-100ß protein levels, IL-1ß, IL-6 and α-TNF levels were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Dexmedetomidine combied electrical stimulation could effectively prevent the occurrence of postoperative cognition, and reduce levels of NSA, S-100ß, IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α.

Erythrocyte-derived vesicles for circulating tumor cell capture and specific tumor imaging.

The precise diagnosis of cancer remains a great challenge; therefore, it is our research interest to develop safe, tumor-specific reagents. In this study, we designed nanovesicles derived from erythrocyte membranes; the nanovesicles are capable of recognizing tumor cells for both circulating tumor cell (CTC) capture and tumor imaging. The tumor-targeting molecules folic acid (FA) and fluorescein Cy5 were modified on the nanovesicle surface. The developed nanovesicles exhibit excellent tumor targeting ability both in vitro and in vivo for CTC capture and in tumor imaging. Compared with traditional immunomagnetic beads, the proposed nanovesicles are capable of avoiding non-specific adsorption as a derivative of red blood cells. Combined with a non-invasive means of micromanipulation, the nanometer-sized vesicles show a high purity of CTC capture (over 90%). In vivo, the nanovesicles can also be employed for efficient tumor imaging without obvious toxicity and side effects. In brief, the nanovesicles prepared herein show potential clinical application for integrated diagnosis in vitro and in vivo.

[Fly ash-catalyzed oxidation of p-nitro phenol with H2O2].

Fly ash was investigated as a catalyst in the oxidation of p-nitro phenol (PNP) with H2O2 at ambient temperature and pressure. The physical and chemical properties of fly ash were analyzed. The effects of fly ash composition, pretreatment methods and other parameters (such as dosage, pH, reaction time and oxidant concentration) on PNP removal rate were studied. It was found that fly ash with larger specific surface area and higher carbon content demonstrated higher catalytic activity. Heat treatment (350 degrees C) on fly ash could effectively improve the PNP removal rate. With an initial H2O2 concentration of 200 mg/L, 60 g/L heat-treated fly ash could remove 62.38% PNP at 25 degrees C, pH = 2. Specific surface area, carbon and metal oxide contents of fly ash play an important role in the catalysis process. The adsorption control experiment showed that adsorption was the main effect (65.97%) in the catalysis process. The activity of the catalyst gradually increased during its reuse. The PNP removal rate could reach 82.47% and 98.72% in the second and third rounds of reuse, respectively. The removal rate remained at about 99% in the rest 9 rounds of reuse. And the catalytic properties decreased after 12 times uses.