ABSTRACT
Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a locally invasive, slow growing malignant neoplasm. Intracranial chondrosarcoma are extradural osseous lesions and intradural location with intratumoral hemorrhage is very rare. We report a rare case of 65-year-old male presenting with a small mass in left posterior skull base and later, suddenly deteriorating due to large cerebellar hemorrhage. A brief review of literature of such cases is also presented.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Hemorrhage/surgery , Chondrosarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Chondrosarcoma/surgery , Skull Base Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Skull Base Neoplasms/surgery , Aged , Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology , Chondrosarcoma/complications , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Skull Base/diagnostic imaging , Skull Base/surgery , Skull Base Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
Worldwide, the cancer appeared as one of the most leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Among the various cancer types, brain tumors are most life threatening with low survival rate. Every year approximately 238,000 new cases of brain and other central nervous system tumors are diagnosed. The dendrimeric approaches have a huge potential for diagnosis and treatment of brain tumor with targeting abilities of molecular cargoes to the tumor sites and the efficiency of crossing the blood brain barrier and penetration to brain after systemic administration. The various generations of dendrimers have been designed as novel targeted drug delivery tools for new therapies including sustained drug release, gene therapy, and antiangiogenic activities. At present era, various types of dendrimers like PAMAM, PPI, and PLL dendrimers validated them as milestones for the treatment and diagnosis of brain tumor as well as other cancers. This review highlights the recent research, opportunities, advantages, and challenges involved in development of novel dendrimeric complex for the therapy of brain tumor.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/therapy , Dendrimers , Drug Carriers , Animals , Blood-Brain Barrier/drug effects , Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism , Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy , Dendrimers/chemical synthesis , Dendrimers/chemistry , Dendrimers/toxicity , Drug Carriers/chemical synthesis , Drug Carriers/chemistry , Drug Carriers/toxicity , Humans , Molecular Targeted TherapyABSTRACT
In the last couple of decades antioxidant agents have entered the health market as an easy and attractive means of managing diseases. These agents are of enormous interest for an increasingly health-concerned society, and may be particularly relevant for prophylaxis of a number of diseases i.e. arthritis, cancer, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, cataracts, brain disorders, etc. Antioxidants are also favorable to vascular healthiness and symbolize useful compounds because they are able to diminish overall cardiovascular risk by acting analogous to first line therapy or as adjuvants in case of failure or in situations where first line therapy cannot be used. Furthermore, well-designed trials are indeed needed to improve the therapeutic efficacy and health benefits of antioxidants. Numerous in vivo proof-of-concepts studies are offered to underline the feasibility of nanostructure system in order to optimizing the delivery of cardiovascular drugs. The present review highlights the recent approaches for management of cardiovascular disease using different vesicular and particulate carriers, including liposomes, nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions, with a primary emphasis on those which are expected to enhance the antioxidants level.