ABSTRACT
Retroculus acherontos is described from the Rio Tocantins basin, Brazil. It is distinguished from all congeners by the presence of a nuchal hump in large specimens, an irregular black blotch located on the middle of the anterior soft dorsal-fin rays, fewer pectoral-fin rays (15-16), a deeper body, a convex ventral profile, a more transversely convex ventral surface of the body, and by chest scales similar in size to the scales on the side. An expanded diagnosis for the genus Retroculus is provided.
Subject(s)
Cichlids/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Brazil , Cichlids/anatomy & histology , Cichlids/growth & development , Ecosystem , Female , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
Xyliphius anachoretes, a new species of aspredinid catfish is described from the Tocantins-Araguaia River system. Xyliphius anachoretes is diagnosed by the presence of six developed retrorse serrae on posterior border of pectoral-fin spine, presence of papillae on the lower lip bearing minute branches, and only two dorsal procurrent rays. Comments about the informativeness of character-state variation among Xyliphius species and aspredinid related genera are furnished. Also, a brief discussion about conservation status of the new taxon is made.
Xyliphius anachoretes, uma nova espécie de bagre aspredinídeo é descrita para o sistema Tocantins-Araguaia. Xyliphius anachoretes é diagnosticado pela presença de seis serras retrorsas desenvolvidas na borda posterior do espinho da nadadeira peitoral, presença de papilas no lábio inferior apresentando minúsculas ramificações, e somente dois raios pró-correntes dorsais. Comentários sobre a informação contida na variação de estados de caráter entre as espécies de Xyliphius são fornecidos. Além disso, uma breve discussão sobre o estado de conservação do novo táxon é feita.