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1.
Blood ; 143(3): 272-278, 2024 Jan 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37879046

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Megakaryocytes (MKs) generate thousands of platelets over their lifespan. The roles of platelets in infection and inflammation has guided an interest to the study of extramedullary thrombopoiesis and therefore MKs have been increasingly reported within the spleen and lung. However, the relative abundance of MKs in these organs compared to the bone marrow and the scale of their contribution to the platelet pool in a steady state remain controversial. We investigated the relative abundance of MKs in the adult murine bone marrow, spleen, and lung using whole-mount light-sheet and quantitative histological imaging, flow cytometry, intravital imaging, and an assessment of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) repositories. Flow cytometry revealed significantly higher numbers of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and MKs in the murine bone marrow than in spleens or perfused lungs. Two-photon intravital and light-sheet microscopy, as well as quantitative histological imaging, confirmed these findings. Moreover, ex vivo cultured MKs from the bone marrow subjected to static or microfluidic platelet production assays had a higher capacity for proplatelet formation than MKs from other organs. Analysis of previously published murine and human scRNA-seq data sets revealed that only a marginal fraction of MK-like cells can be found within the lung and most likely only marginally contribute to platelet production in the steady state.


Subject(s)
Bone Marrow , Thrombopoiesis , Mice , Humans , Animals , Thrombopoiesis/genetics , Blood Platelets , Megakaryocytes , Spleen
2.
J Thromb Haemost ; 22(11): 3235-3248, 2024 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39122192

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Platelets are essential for hemostasis and thrombosis and play vital roles during metastatic cancer progression and infection. Hallmarks of platelet function are activation, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and the degranulation of their cellular contents upon stimulation. While α-granules and dense granules are the most studied platelet secretory granules, the dense tubular system (DTS) also functions as a secretory system for vascular thiol isomerases. However, how DTS cargo is packaged and transported from megakaryocytes (MKs) to platelets is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To underpin the mechanisms responsible for DTS cargo transport and leverage those for therapeutic protein packaging into platelets. METHODS: A retroviral expression system combined with immunofluorescence confocal microscopy was employed to track protein DTS cargo protein disulfide isomerase fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP-PDI) during platelet production. Murine bone marrow transplantation models were used to determine the release of therapeutic proteins from platelets. RESULTS: We demonstrated that the endoplasmic reticulum retrieval motif Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) located at the C-terminus of protein disulfide isomerase was essential for the regular transport of eGFP-PDI-containing granules. eGFP-PDIΔKDEL, in which the retrieval signal was deleted, was aberrantly packaged, and its expression was upregulated within clathrin-coated endosomes. Finally, we found that ectopic transgenic proteins, such as tissue factor pathway inhibitor and interleukin 2, can be packaged into MKs and proplatelets by adding a KDEL retrieval sequence. CONCLUSION: Our data corroborate the DTS as a noncanonical secretory system in platelets and demonstrate that in vitro-generated MKs and platelets may be used as a delivery system for transgenic proteins during cellular therapy.


Subject(s)
Blood Platelets , Green Fluorescent Proteins , Megakaryocytes , Protein Disulfide-Isomerases , Blood Platelets/metabolism , Animals , Megakaryocytes/metabolism , Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism , Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics , Protein Disulfide-Isomerases/metabolism , Protein Disulfide-Isomerases/genetics , Humans , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Protein Transport , Mice , Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism , Secretory Vesicles/metabolism , Transgenes
3.
bioRxiv ; 2023 Feb 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36798332

ABSTRACT

Lipids contribute to hematopoiesis and membrane properties and dynamics, however, little is known about the role of lipids in megakaryopoiesis. Here, a lipidomic analysis of megakaryocyte progenitors, megakaryocytes, and platelets revealed a unique lipidome progressively enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. In vitro, inhibition of both exogenous fatty acid functionalization and uptake and de novo lipogenesis impaired megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet production. In vivo, mice on a high saturated fatty acid diet had significantly lower platelet counts, which was prevented by eating a PUFA-enriched diet. Fatty acid uptake was largely dependent on CD36, and its deletion in mice resulted in thrombocytopenia. Moreover, patients with a CD36 loss-of-function mutation exhibited thrombocytopenia and increased bleeding. Our results suggest that fatty acid uptake and regulation is essential for megakaryocyte maturation and platelet production, and that changes in dietary fatty acids may be a novel and viable target to modulate platelet counts.

4.
Nat Cardiovasc Res ; 2(8): 746-763, 2023 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39195958

ABSTRACT

Lipids contribute to hematopoiesis and membrane properties and dynamics; however, little is known about the role of lipids in megakaryopoiesis. Here we show that megakaryocyte progenitors, megakaryocytes and platelets present a unique lipidome progressively enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. In vitro, inhibition of both exogenous fatty acid functionalization and uptake as well as de novo lipogenesis impaired megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet production. In vivo, mice on a high saturated fatty acid diet had significantly lower platelet counts, which was prevented by eating a PUFA-enriched diet. Fatty acid uptake was largely dependent on CD36, and its deletion in mice resulted in low platelets. Moreover, patients with a CD36 loss-of-function mutation exhibited thrombocytopenia and increased bleeding. Our results suggest that fatty acid uptake and regulation is essential for megakaryocyte maturation and platelet production and that changes in dietary fatty acids may be a viable target to modulate platelet counts.


Subject(s)
Blood Platelets , CD36 Antigens , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated , Megakaryocytes , Phospholipids , Thrombopoiesis , Animals , Blood Platelets/metabolism , Thrombopoiesis/physiology , CD36 Antigens/metabolism , CD36 Antigens/genetics , Phospholipids/metabolism , Megakaryocytes/metabolism , Megakaryocytes/cytology , Humans , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism , Mice, Knockout , Thrombocytopenia/metabolism , Male , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Platelet Count , Cells, Cultured , Female , Mice , Lipidomics , Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells/metabolism , Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells/cytology
5.
J Thromb Haemost ; 20(7): 1550-1558, 2022 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35506218

ABSTRACT

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) were originally studied for their potential as regulators of coagulation, a function redundant with that of their parent cells. However, as the understanding of the diverse roles of platelets in hemostasis and disease has developed, so has the understanding of PEVs. In addition, the more recent revelation of constitutively released megakaryocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (MKEVs) in circulation provides an interesting counterpoint and avenue for investigation. In this review, we highlight the historical link of PEVs to thrombosis and hemostasis and provide critical updates. We also expand our discussion to encompass the roles that distinguish PEVs and MKEVs from their parent cells. Furthermore, the role of extracellular vesicles in disease pathology, both as biomarkers and as exacerbators, has been of great interest in recent years. We highlight some of the key roles that PEVs and MKEVs play in autoimmune blood cell disorders, liver pathology, and cardiovascular disease. We then look at the future of PEVs and MKEVs as candidates for novel therapeutics.


Subject(s)
Blood Platelets , Extracellular Vesicles , Blood Coagulation , Hemostasis , Humans , Megakaryocytes
6.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 74Suppl 2(Suppl 2): e20201334, 2021.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34287502

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between the quality of life, depression, life satisfaction, and functional capacity in elderly people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). METHODS: A cross-sectional study developed in reference hospitals for treatment and follow-up of people with HIV. 241 elderly people participated by applying a questionnaire containing sociodemographic variables, the HIV/AIDS target quality of Life, the Barthel Index, the Life Satisfaction Scale, and the abbreviated version with 15 items of the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale. RESULTS: The analyses showed an inverse correlation between the dimensions of the HAT-Qol with depression, a positive correlation in the domain satisfaction with life, and statistically significant, but weak, with functionality. CONCLUSION: Depression impairs quality of life in all dimensions, while life satisfaction influences this aspect more positively than functional capacity. DESCRIPTORS: Quality of Life; Depression; Personal Satisfaction; Aged; HIV.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV Infections , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/epidemiology , HIV Infections/complications , Humans , Personal Satisfaction , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires
7.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 55: e20200192, 2021.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34423798

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the representational contents of pregnant women living with HIV. METHOD: Exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study, conducted with pregnant women with HIV from August 2017 to January 2018. Semi-structured interview was opted for. The IRAMUTEQ software was used for analysis, organizing the data into 2 blocks: a) moment of discovery, impacts, representational contents of HIV; and b) representational contents in living with the disease. RESULTS: The participating pregnant women amounted to 25. Initially, the social representation of HIV translated the representation of death; however, this construction changes as women understand information of the pathology, which starts to be seen as a disease which demands more care. CONCLUSION: The conception of HIV as frightful is mainly due to concern about transmission to the fetus. The resignification of HIV was perceived among pregnant women, which favors new behaviors and attitudes towards the representational contents related to a deeper knowledge about the virus, demystifying the idea that this is a deadly disease.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV Infections , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Pregnant Women
8.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 66(10): 1320-1322, 2020 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33174918

ABSTRACT

The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) brought up discussions about improvements in both primary healthcare and hospital care in Brasil. In addition, the use of information and communication technology tools has become more prominent in the transmission of health information to patients remotely. Through content dissemination actions for professionals and direct guidance to users, remote telehealth/telemedicine services offer qualified actions that can reduce unnecessary referrals and decrease the flow of patients in health units. Information and communication technologies are allies in the fight against COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Information Dissemination/methods , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Telemedicine/trends , Betacoronavirus , Brazil , COVID-19 , Humans , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2
9.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - nursing (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1511538

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a frequência de palavras correlacionando com o título e resumo da produção científica sobre a qualidade e segurança na assistência obstétrica à luz da Lei de Zipf (frequência de palavras). Método: trata-se de um estudo bibliométrico, que possibilita compreender os padrões de produtividade científica ao longo dos anos. Realizaram-se buscas nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, Bdenf e SCOPUS (Elsivier) mediante utilização dos seguintes descritores oriundos do DeCS: obstetrícia/ obstetrics, segurança do paciente/ patient safety, qualidade dos serviços/ quality of health care; associou-se a esses termos o operador booleano AND. Resultados: após realizado o levantamento bibliométrico foram identificados 14 artigos relacionados que contemplaram à temática em estudo. Estes artigos estão publicados em 13 periódicos distintos. Conclusão: com base nos resultados apresentados, evidencia-se que, dentre os 14 artigos recrutados ­ desde 2014 a 2021, foram predominantes os estudos cuja abordagem relaciona-se intrinsecamente à temática qualidade e segurança na assistência obstétrica.


Objectives: to analyze the frequency of words correlating with the title and abstract of scientific production on quality and safety in obstetric care in the light of Zipf's Law (word frequency). Method: this is a bibliometric study, which makes it possible to understand the patterns of scientific productivity over the years. The databases LILACS, MEDLINE, Bdenf and SCOPUS (Elsivier) were searched using the following descriptors from DeCS: obstetrics, patient safety, quality of health care; the Boolean operator AND was associated with these terms. Results: after the bibliometric survey, 14 related articles were identified that covered the theme under study. These articles were published in 13 different journals. Conclusion: based on the results presented, it is evident that among the 14 articles recruited - from 2014 to 2021, there were predominant studies whose approach is intrinsically related to the theme of quality and safety in obstetric care.


Objetivos:analizar la frecuencia de palabras correlacionadas con el título y resumen de la producción científica sobre calidad y seguridad en la atención obstétrica a la luz de la Ley de Zipf (frecuencia de palabras). Método: se trata de un estudio bibliométrico, que permite comprender los patrones de productividad científica a lo largo de los años. Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE, Bdenf y SCOPUS (Elsivier) utilizando los siguientes descriptores del DeCS: obstetrics, patient safety, quality of health care; a estos términos se asoció el operador booleano AND. Resultados: tras el estudio bibliométrico, se identificaron 14 artículos relacionados que contemplaban el tema objeto de estudio. Estos artículos fueron publicados en 13 revistas diferentes. Conclusión: con base en los resultados presentados, se evidencia que, entre los 14 artículos reclutados - de 2014 a 2021, predominaron estudios cuyo abordaje está intrínsecamente relacionado con el tema calidad y seguridad en la atención obstétrica.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Pregnancy , Bibliometrics
10.
Rev. enferm. UFSM ; 12: e39, 2022. tab, ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - nursing (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1382243

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: identificar as representações sociais de adultos soropositivos acerca do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) e da Aids. Método: pesquisa de campo, do tipo exploratório-descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizada de 2017 a 2018, na cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, aplicados 129 questionários de evocações livres com adultos vivendo com HIV e 30 entrevistas semiestruturadas. Utilizou-se da análise prototípica e lexical. Resultados: observaram-se conteúdos representacionais atrelados ao início da epidemia, como preconceito e morte, refletindo sobre a base histórica destes, como conteúdos relacionados a uma perspectiva de normalidade da doença. Conclusão: demonstrou-se existência de processo de mudança nas representações, inicialmente ligadas à morte, porém, posteriormente, visão de normalidade, provavelmente como consequência da convivência com a doença, por meio do novo contexto que possibilita maior sobrevida.


Objective: to identify the social representations of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) among HIV-positive adults. Method: exploratory-descriptive field research, with a qualitative approach, based on the Theory of Social Representations, carried out from 2017 to 2018, in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, applied 129 questionnaires of free evocations with adults living with HIV and 30 semi-structured interviews. Prototypical and lexical analysis was used. Results: Results: we observed representational contents linked to the beginning of the epidemic, such as prejudice and death, reflecting on their historical basis, as well as contents related to a perspective of normality of the disease. Conclusion: it was demonstrated the existence of a process of change in the representations, initially linked to death, but later, a view of normality, probably as a consequence of living with the disease, through the new context that allows greater survival.


Objetivo: identificar las representaciones sociales de adultos VIH positivos sobre el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) y el Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA). Método: investigación de campo exploratoria-descriptiva, con enfoque cualitativo, basada en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, realizada de 2017 a 2018, en la ciudad de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil; se aplicaron 129 cuestionarios de evocaciones libres con adultos que viven con VIH además de 30 entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se utilizó análisis prototípico y de léxico. Resultados: se observaron contenidos representacionales vinculados al inicio de la epidemia, como el prejuicio y la muerte, reflexionando sobre su base histórica, así como contenidos relacionados con una perspectiva de normalidad de la enfermedad. Conclusión: se demostró la existencia de un proceso de cambio en las representaciones, inicialmente ligado a la muerte, pero luego, una visión de normalidad, probablemente como consecuencia de vivir con la enfermedad, a través del nuevo contexto que permite una mayor supervivencia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Perception , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV , Nursing , Adult
11.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - nursing (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1354999

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a classificação da adesão e a organização da assistência de enfermagem em serviços especializados. Método: estudo avaliativo e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em cinco Serviços de Assistência Especializada em HIV de Pernambuco, Brasil. Participaram 358 adultos em uso de antirretrovirais e os respectivos enfermeiros dos serviços. Os dados foram coletados por meio de dois instrumentos validados e analisados a partir dos testes estatísticos. Resultados: houve prevalência de uma regular e baixa adesão à terapia antirretrovital. (41,1% e 39,4%, respectivamente). Evidenciou-se que o nível de avaliação da assistência de enfermagem não foi determinante para o escores da adesão. Conclusão: o resultado encontrado no estudo é preocupante, visto a que adesão predominante foi regular. Desenvolver a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem nos serviços especializados deve ser estimulado com vistas à promoção da adesão medicamentosa


Objective: to analyze the classification of adherence and the organization of nursing care in specialized services. Method: evaluative and cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out in five Specialized HIV Care Services in Pernambuco, Brazil. Participated 358 adults using antiretrovirals and the respective service nurses. Data were collected using two validated instruments and analyzed using statistical tests. Results: there was a prevalence of regular and low adherence to antiretrovital therapy. (41.1% and 39.4%, respectively). It was evident that the level of assessment of nursing care was not decisive for the adherence scores. Conclusion: the result found in the study is worrying, since the predominant adherence was regular. Developing the systematization of nursing care in specialized services should be encouraged with a view to promoting medication adherence


Objetivo: analizar la clasificación de adherencia y la organización del cuidado de enfermería en servicios especializados. Método: Estudio evaluativo y transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en cinco servicios especializados de atención del VIH en Pernambuco, Brasil. Participaron 358 adultos usando antirretrovirales y las respectivas enfermeras de servicio. Los datos fueron recolectados usando dos instrumentos validados y analizados usando pruebas estadísticas. Resultados: hubo una prevalencia de adherencia regular y baja al tratamiento antirretrovital. (41,1% y 39,4%, respectivamente). Era evidente que el nivel de evaluación de los cuidados de enfermería no fue decisivo para los puntajes de adherencia. Conclusión: el resultado encontrado en el estudio es preocupante, ya que la adherencia predominante fue regular. Se debe fomentar el desarrollo de la sistematización de la atención de enfermería en servicios especializados con el fin de promover la adherencia a la medicación


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , HIV , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Medication Adherence , Delivery of Health Care , Anti-Retroviral Agents
12.
Index enferm ; 30(3)jul.-sep. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS (Spain) | ID: ibc-221888

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analizar las representaciones sociales del VIH construidas por las jóvenes embarazadas de un hospital universitario en Recife, Brasil. Metodología: investigación descriptiva, cualitativa, basada en la teoría de las Representaciones Sociales en su enfoque estructural. Se utilizó el término VIH/SIDA en el contexto normativo y contranormativo, con una muestra de 120 jóvenes embarazadas. Los resultados fueron analizados con el software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: fueron encontradas en su núcleo central las representaciones sociales de “prejuicio” y “muerte,” señalando negativamente a la dimensión “información” e “imaginación” que se tenía sobre este virus al comienzo de la epidemia. Conclusiones: aunque se han realizado avances en la forma de transmitir la información, esta continúa siendo arcaica y negativa. Por lo tanto, es importante reflexionar sobre el lenguaje de la información transmitida a los jóvenes, así como la falta de interés de estos y de los profesionales en saber y actualizarse sobre lo que realmente sucede cuando se está infectado con el virus. (AU)


Objective: to analyze the Social Representations of HIV constructed by young pregnant women. Methodology: field research, descriptive, qualitative, based on the Theory of Social Representations in its structural approach. Using the term HIV / AIDS in the normative and counter-normative context. The free evocation technique was used with 120 young pregnant women. Its analysis with the aid of the software IRAMUTEQ. Results: were found at its central core, the social representations of prejudice and death, which negatively point to the informative and imaginary dimension that had about the virus at the beginning of the epidemic. Conclusions: although there are advances in the means of transmitting information, it remains archaic and negative. Realizing thus, the importance of reflecting on the language of information passed on to young people and / or little interest in knowing and being updated on what really happens when you have the virus. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Young Adult , HIV , Social Perception , Nursing , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Brazil , Universities
13.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - nursing (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1384377

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la adherencia a la terapia antirretroviral en mujeres viviendo con VIH desde el perfil clínico y de salud conductual. Material y Método: Estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo, transversal con abordaje cuantitativo. La población estuvo conformada por mujeres viviendo con VIH que son atendidas por Servicios de Atención Especializada (SAE) en VIH en cinco municipios ubicados en la I Gerencia Regional de Salud (GERES) de Pernambuco, Brasil. El estudio se muestreó mediante el método no probabilístico, un sorteo aleatorio, con el objetivo de alcanzar una representación del 30% del total de servicios registrados en el I GERES. Los participantes del estudio compusieron la muestra, también utilizando un método no probabilístico por conveniencia, por lo que 184 mujeres que viven con el VIH fueron parte del estudio. La recolección de datos se realizó en el intersticio entre junio y agosto de 2018. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento Antirretroviral (CEAT-HIV) para medir la adherencia de los participantes. Resultados: Hubo una mayor prevalencia de buena adherencia: el grupo que se ajusta al nivel de educación superior incompleta/ completa tiene 1,69 veces más prevalencia de adherencia a la Terapia Antirretroviral (TAR); las mujeres no sexualmente activas tienen un 103% más de posibilidades de una buena adherencia; y aquellos cuyos registros médicos no contienen información sobre abandono del TAR: 94%. Conclusión: A la luz de los desafíos actuales asociados a la adherencia al TAR, se ha resaltado la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias sociales dirigidas a las mujeres que viven con el VIH con el fin de promover una mejor calidad de vida para esta población.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a adesão à terapia antirretroviral em mulheres vivendo com HIV a partir do perfil clínico e comportamental de saúde. Material e Método: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. A população foi composta por mulheres que vivem com HIV que são assistidas pelos Serviços de Assistência Especializada (SAEs) em HIV em cinco municípios localizados na I Gerência Regional de Saúde (GERES) de Pernambuco, Brasil. A amostragem do estudo ocorreu por intermédio do método não probabilístico, um sorteio aleatório, com o intuito de atingir um representação de 30% do total de serviços adscritos na I GERES. Os participantes do estudo compuseram a amostra, também a partir de um método não probabilístico por conveniência, por tanto, 184 mulheres vivendo com HIV fizeram parte do estudo. A coleta de dados ocorreu no interstício compreendido entre junho a agosto de 2018. Utilizou-se o Cuestionario Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento Antirretroviral (CEAT-VIH) para mensurar a adesão das participantes. Resultados: Apresentaram maior prevalência para uma boa adesão: o grupo que se enquadra no nível de instrução superior incompleto/completo apresenta 1,69 vezes mais prevalência de adesão à Terapia Antirretroviral (TARV); mulheres não ativas sexualmente apresentam 103% de chances a mais para uma boa adesão; e aquelas em que cujo prontuário não consta informação de abandono à TARV: 94%. Conclusão: À luz dos desafios atuais associados à adesão à TARV, tem-se evidenciado a necessidade da elaboração de estratégias de cunho social destinadas a mulheres vivendo com HIV a fim de promover melhor qualidade de vida a essa população.


ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among women living with HIV from a clinical and behavioral health profile. Material and Methods: Epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach. The population consisted of women living with HIV, who are assisted by the Specialized HIV Care Services (SAEs) in five municipalities located in the I Regional Health Management Center (GERES) of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The sampling of the study was carried out through a non-probabilistic method (random drawing) in order to reach a representation of 30% of the total number of services enrolled in the I GERES. The sample was also set up using a non-probabilistic method by convenience, so 184 women living with HIV were part of the study. Data collection occurred between June and August 2018. The Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento Antirretroviral (CEAT-VIH) was used to measure the adherence of the participants. Results: The group that falls in the incomplete/complete higher education level has 1.69 times more prevalence of adherence to ART, non-sexually active women present 103 % chances for good adherence; and those whose medical record does not contain information on abandonment of ART: 94%. Conclusion: Considering the current challenges associated with adherence to ART, there is a clear need to develop social strategies aimed at women living with HIV in order to promote better quality of life for this population.

14.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1414585

ABSTRACT

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a funcionalidade, sintomas diversos e qualidade de vida de pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia paliativa. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, transversal, com 105 pacientes atendidos em uma instituição referência em oncologia no estado de Pernambuco. Os dados foram obtidos entre outubro de 2015 e janeiro de 2016, por meio dos instrumentos: Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, escala de Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group/Karnofsky e questionário de qualidade de vida em cuidados paliativos. O software utilizado para análise dos dados foi o SPSS. Identificou-se predomínio de uma população com baixos níveis de escolaridade e renda familiar, com boa funcionalidade e condições de desenvolver as atividades de vida diária. Foi encontrada menor porcentagem de pessoas com capacidade funcional afetada. Entre os sintomas mais prevalentes destacaram-se: depressão, náusea e sonolência. Chegou-se à conclusão de que construir o perfil dos pacientes em quimioterapia paliativa é importante para o planejamento e construção de uma assistência capaz de promover melhorias na qualidade de vida, baseada na individualidade de cada paciente, favorecendo uma prática humanizada.


This article aimed to analyze the functionality, various symptoms, and quality of life of patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy. A descriptive, cross-sectional study with 105 patients treated at a reference institution in oncology in the state of Pernambuco was carried out. Data were obtained between October 2015 and January 2016, by using the following instruments: Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group/Karnofsky scale and quality of life questionnaire in palliative care. The software used for data analysis was SPSS. A predominance of a population with low levels of schooling and family income was identified, with good functionality and conditions to carry out activities of daily living was identified. A smaller percentage of people showed affected functional capacity. Among the most prevalent symptoms, depression, nausea, and drowsiness stood out. In conclusion, constructing the profile of patients in palliative chemotherapy is important for the planning and construction of care capable of promoting improvements in the quality of life, based on the individuality of each patient, favoring a humanized practice.


Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar la funcionalidad, los diversos síntomas y la calidad de vida de los pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia paliativa. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con 105 pacientes atendidos en una institución de referencia en oncología en Pernambuco (Brasil). Los datos se obtuvieron entre octubre de 2015 y enero de 2016, utilizando los siguientes instrumentos: Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, escala de Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group/ Karnofsky y cuestionario de calidad de vida en cuidados paliativos. El software que se utilizó en el análisis de datos fue el SPSS. Se identificó un predominio de una población con bajos niveles de educación y renta familiar, con buena funcionalidad y condiciones para realizar las actividades de la vida diaria. Hubo un menor porcentaje de personas que tuvieron la capacidad funcional afectada. Entre los síntomas más prevalentes se destacaron depresión, náuseas y somnolencia. La construcción del perfil de los pacientes en quimioterapia paliativa es importante para la planificación y construcción de una asistencia capaz de promover mejoras en la calidad de vida, a partir de la individualidad de cada paciente, favoreciendo una práctica humanizada.


Subject(s)
Quality of Life , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Therapy , Leisure Activities
15.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP;55: e20200192, 2021. graf
Article in English | BDENF - nursing (Brazil), LILACS | ID: biblio-1287966

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the representational contents of pregnant women living with HIV. Method: Exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study, conducted with pregnant women with HIV from August 2017 to January 2018. Semi-structured interview was opted for. The IRAMUTEQ software was used for analysis, organizing the data into 2 blocks: a) moment of discovery, impacts, representational contents of HIV; and b) representational contents in living with the disease. Results: The participating pregnant women amounted to 25. Initially, the social representation of HIV translated the representation of death; however, this construction changes as women understand information of the pathology, which starts to be seen as a disease which demands more care. Conclusion: The conception of HIV as frightful is mainly due to concern about transmission to the fetus. The resignification of HIV was perceived among pregnant women, which favors new behaviors and attitudes towards the representational contents related to a deeper knowledge about the virus, demystifying the idea that this is a deadly disease.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los contenidos representacionales de mujeres embarazadas que viven con el VIH. Método: Investigación exploratoria, descriptiva y cualitativa realizada con mujeres embarazadas con VIH entre agosto de 2017 y enero de 2018. Se optó por entrevistas semiestructuradas. Para el análisis, se utilizó el software IRAMUTEQ, organizando los datos en dos bloques: a) momento del descubrimiento, impactos y contenidos representacionales del VIH; y b) contenidos representacionales de la convivencia con la enfermedad. Resultados: Participaron 25 mujeres embarazadas. Inicialmente, se observó que la representación social del VIH traduce la representación de la muerte; sin embargo, la construcción cambia a medida que las mujeres comprenden la información sobre la patología, que comienza a ser vista como una enfermedad que requiere mayores cuidados. Conclusión: El VIH aún se concibe como algo digno de miedo, principalmente debido al temor de transmitirlo al feto. Se constata la resignificación del VIH entre las mujeres embarazadas, algo que favorece nuevos comportamientos y actitudes a partir de contenidos representacionales relativos al conocimiento más profundo sobre el virus y desmitifica la idea de que se trata de una enfermedad mortal.


RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os conteúdos representacionais de gestantes vivendo com o HIV. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com gestantes com HIV entre agosto de 2017 e janeiro de 2018. Optou-se por entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise se utilizou o software IRAMUTEQ, organizando os dados em 2 blocos: a) momento da descoberta, impactos e conteúdos representacionais do HIV; e b) conteúdos representacionais no viver com a doença. Resultados: Participaram 25 gestantes. Inicialmente, observou-se que a representação social do HIV traduz a representação da morte; porém, essa construção se altera à medida que as mulheres compreendem as informações sobre a patologia e esta passa a ser vista como uma doença que requer maiores cuidados. Conclusão: Ainda se concebe o HIV como algo digno de temor, principalmente devido ao receio de transmiti-lo ao feto. Constatou-se a ressignificação do HIV entre as gestantes, algo que favorece novos comportamentos e atitudes diante de conteúdos representacionais relativos ao conhecimento mais aprofundado sobre o vírus e desmistifica a ideia de que se trata de uma doença mortal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Perception , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/psychology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/psychology , Pregnant Women/psychology
16.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 20: e58781, 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - nursing (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1375102

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a adesão à terapia antirretroviral e a expectativa de autoeficácia em pessoas vivendo com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) à luz da teoria social cognitiva. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo, epidemiológico e quantitativo com pessoas vivendo com o HIV. Dados foram coletados de abril a setembro de 2018, através do "Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento Antirretroviral" (CEAT-VIH) e a escala de expectativa de autoeficácia, validada e desenvolvida no Brasil, onde foi utilizado o teste Mann-Whitney. Foi aplicado o modelo de Poisson para avaliação da probabilidade de boa adesão ao instrumento CEAT-VIH. Resultados: identificou-se a média de idade de 44 anos, predomínio de homens. A adesão regular apresentou maior representatividade. A maior mediana da adesão encontrada foi para as questões relacionadas à experiência, efeitos e sentimentos negativos. No ajuste do modelo de Poisson, segundo o instrumento CEAT-VIH, verifica-se que apenas a escolaridade e a categoria relativa à atenção, à organização e ao planejamento para tomada da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) são fatores conjuntamente determinantes para boa adesão. Conclusão: observou-se a não adesão satisfatória ao tratamento medicamentoso, fato que se deve a fatores inerentes à TARV, como vulnerabilidade social, estigma e as relações de expectativa de autoeficácia, comprometendo a manutenção da sobrevida com maior morbidade e interferindo na qualidade de vida.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la adhesión a la terapia antirretroviral y la expectativa de autoeficacia en personas que viven con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) a la luz de la teoría cognitiva social. Métodos: estudio transver-sal, descriptivo, epidemiológico y cuantitativo con personas viviendo con el VIH. Datos recolectados de abril a septiembre de 2018, a través del Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento Antirretroviral (CEAT-VIH) y la escala de expectativa de autoeficacia, validada y desarrollada en Brasil, para ello fue utilizada la Prueba de Mann-Whitney. Se aplicó el modelo de Poisson para evaluar la probabilidad de una buena adhesión al CEAT-VIH. Resultados: fue identificado un promedio de edad de 44 años, predominio de hombres. La adhesión regular presentó mayor representatividad. El mayor promedio de la adhesión encontrado fue para las cuestiones relacionadas a experiencia, efectos y sentimientos negativos. En el ajuste del modelo de Poisson, según el CEAT-VIH se verifica que solo la escolaridad y la categoría atención, organización y planificación para toma de la tera-pia antirretroviral (TARV) son factores conjuntamente determinantes para buena adhesión. Conclusión: se obser-vó la no adhesión satisfactoria al tratamiento medicamentoso, hecho que se debe a factores inherentes a la TARV, como vulnerabilidad social, estigma y las relaciones de expectativa de autoeficacia, comprometiendo el manteni-miento de la supervivencia con mayor morbilidad e interfiriendo en la calidad de vida.


ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze adherence to antiretroviral therapy and the self-efficacy expectation in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the light of social cognitive theory. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive, epidemiological and quantitative study with people living with HIV. Data were collected from April to September 2018, through the "Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Adhesión al TratamientoAntirretroviral" (CEAT-VIH) and the self-efficacy expectation scale, validated and developed in Brazil, where the Mann-Whitney test was used. The Poisson model was applied to assess the probability of good adherence to the CEAT-HIV tool. Results: the average age of 44 years was identified, with a predominance of men. Regular adherence was more representative. The highest median of adherence found was for the questions related to experience, effects and negative feelings. When adjusting the Poisson model, according to the CEAT-HIV tool, it appears that only education and the category related to attention, organization and planning to take antiretroviral therapy (ART) are jointly determining factors for good adherence. Conclusion: it was noticed a satisfactory non-adherence to medication treatment, a fact that is due to factors inherent to the ART, such as social vulnerability, stigma and relationships of self-efficacy expectation, undermining the maintenance of survival with greater morbidity and interfering with quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV , Self Efficacy , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Psychological Theory , Attention , Survival , Therapeutics , Efficacy , Morbidity , Anti-Retroviral Agents , Drug Therapy , Educational Status , Treatment Adherence and Compliance , Survivorship , Social Vulnerability , Men , Persons
17.
Rev. bras. enferm ; Rev. bras. enferm;74(supl.2): e20201334, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - nursing (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1288443

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the correlation between the quality of life, depression, life satisfaction, and functional capacity in elderly people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Methods: A cross-sectional study developed in reference hospitals for treatment and follow-up of people with HIV. 241 elderly people participated by applying a questionnaire containing sociodemographic variables, the HIV/AIDS target quality of Life, the Barthel Index, the Life Satisfaction Scale, and the abbreviated version with 15 items of the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale. Results: The analyses showed an inverse correlation between the dimensions of the HAT-Qol with depression, a positive correlation in the domain satisfaction with life, and statistically significant, but weak, with functionality. Conclusion: Depression impairs quality of life in all dimensions, while life satisfaction influences this aspect more positively than functional capacity. Descriptors: Quality of Life; Depression; Personal Satisfaction; Aged; HIV.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la correlación entre calidad de vida, depresión, satisfacción con la vida y capacidad funcional en personas mayores que conviven con el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH). Métodos: estudio transversal, desarrollado en hospitales de referencia para el tratamiento y seguimiento de personas con VIH. Participaron 241 personas mayores mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas, del HIV/AIDS-Target Quality of Life, del Índice de Barthel, de la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida y la versión abreviada con 15 ítems de la Escala Yesavage para Depresión Geriátrica. Resultados: los análisis mostraron correlación inversa entre las dimensiones del HIV/AIDS-Target Quality of Life y depresión, correlación positiva en el dominio de satisfacción con la vida y estadísticamente significativa, pero débil con funcionalidad. Conclusión: la depresión afecta la calidad de vida en todas las dimensiones, mientras que la satisfacción con la vida influye más positivamente en este aspecto que la capacidad funcional.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a correlação entre qualidade de vida, depressão, satisfação com a vida e capacidade funcional nas pessoas idosas que vivem com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). Métodos: estudo de corte transversal, desenvolvido em hospitais de referência para tratamento e acompanhamento de pessoas com HIV. Participaram 241 idosos, mediante a aplicação de um questionário contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, o HIV/AIDS Target Quality of Life, do Índice de Barthel, da Escala de Satisfação com a Vida e da versão abreviada com 15 itens da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de Yesavage. Resultados: as análises evidenciaram correlação inversa entre as dimensões do HAT-Qol com a depressão, correlação positiva no domínio satisfação com a vida e estatisticamente significante, porém fraca, com a funcionalidade. Conclusão: a depressão prejudica a qualidade de vida em todas as dimensões, enquanto a satisfação com a vida influencia mais positivamente este aspecto do que a capacidade funcional.

18.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.);66(10): 1320-1322, Oct. 2020.
Article in English | SES-SP, LILACS | ID: biblio-1136151

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) brought up discussions about improvements in both primary healthcare and hospital care in Brasil. In addition, the use of information and communication technology tools has become more prominent in the transmission of health information to patients remotely. Through content dissemination actions for professionals and direct guidance to users, remote telehealth/telemedicine services offer qualified actions that can reduce unnecessary referrals and decrease the flow of patients in health units. Information and communication technologies are allies in the fight against COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Telemedicine/trends , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Information Dissemination/methods , Brazil , Coronavirus Infections , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus
19.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 12: 1172-1178, jan.-dez. 2020. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - nursing (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1118066

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica as variáveis associadas à prevenção da LPP para subsidiar o cuidado de enfermagem. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Resultados: Foram analisados 18 artigos analisados, destes, 13 eram exclusivamente elaborados por enfermeiros. A análise possibilitou a identificação de 39 variáveis associadas as três dimensões emanadas do termo "conhecimento". Foi possível observar uma predominância de valorização da literatura daquelas associadas a dimensão técnico-científica com um quantitativo de 35 variáveis. Nesta dimensão pode-se notar que as medidas de prevenção estão associadas à utilização de procedimentos para alívio de pressão. Conclusão: A revisão integrativa permitiu verificar que os cuidados voltados a medidas de prevenção se constituem como um tema que demanda preocupação por parte da equipe multiprofissional, principalmente, pelos enfermeiros que tem investido de forma expressiva no melhor entendimento do problema e na busca de soluções através de pesquisas metodologicamente mais refinadas


Objective: To identify in the scientific literature the variables associated with LPP prevention to subsidize nursing care. Method: This is an integrative review of the literature. Results: We analyzed 18 analyzed articles, of which 13 were exclusively elaborated by nurses. The analysis enabled the identification of 39 variables associated with the three dimensions emanating from the term "knowledge". It was possible to observe a predominance of valorization of the literature of those associated to the technical-scientific dimension with a quantitative of 35 variables. In this dimension it can be noted that the preventive measures are associated with the use of procedures for pressure relief. Conclusion: The integrative review made it possible to verify that care for prevention measures is a theme that demands concern on the part of the multiprofessional team, mainly by the nurses who have invested expressively in the best understanding of the problem and in the search for solutions through methodologically more refined searches


Objetivo: Identificar en la literatura científica las variables asociadas a la prevención de la LPP para subsidiar el cuidado de enfermería. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura. Resultados: Se analizaron 18 artículos analizados, de éstos, 13 eran exclusivamente elaborados por enfermeros. El análisis posibilitó la identificación de 39 variables asociadas a las tres dimensiones emanadas del término "conocimiento". Fue posible observar una predominancia de valorización de la literatura de aquellas asociadas a la dimensión técnico-científica con un cuantitativo de 35 variables. En esta dimensión se puede observar que las medidas de prevención están asociadas a la utilización de procedimientos para alivio de presión. Conclusión: La revisión integrativa permitió verificar que los cuidados dirigidos a medidas de prevención se constituyen como un tema que demanda preocupación por parte del equipo multiprofesional, principalmente, por los enfermeros que han invertido de forma expresiva en el mejor entendimiento del problema y en la búsqueda de soluciones a través de investigaciones metodológicamente más refinadas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pressure Ulcer/nursing , Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control , Procedures and Techniques Utilization/trends , Patient Care Team , Health Education , Nurses , Nursing Care
20.
Rev. enferm. UFSM ; 10: 40, 2020.
Article in English, Portuguese | BDENF - nursing (Brazil), LILACS | ID: biblio-1119708

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar se o bullying é praticado com frequência entre meninas adolescentes, quem pratica e as consequências. Método: estudo exploratório, transversal com abordagem quantitativa. A população da pesquisa foi meninas com idade entre 10 e 19 anos, regularmente matriculadas numa escola pública em Recife-Pernambuco. Os dados foram coletados em fevereiro e março de 2019, e obtidos por meio de entrevistas com perguntas objetivas relacionadas à temática. Resultados: participaram 60 meninas (idade média de 14 anos). A maioria (68,4%) respondeu que se sentia vítima de bullying; 49,9% são vítimas, de acordo com a frequência de exposição às agressões e 76,6% sofreram bullying vindo de meninos; 26,6% apresentaram consequências ruins em decorrência do ato. A forma verbal foi a mais citada (31,6%). Conclusão: há elevada prevalência de adolescentes vítimas de bullying. Salienta-se a importância da família e comunidade escolar na quebra de paradigmas sociais a fim de minimizar a ocorrência do bullying.


Objective: to analyze whether bullying is frequently practiced among adolescent girls, those who practice it and the consequences. Method: exploratory and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The research population was girls aged between 10 and 19 years, regularly enrolled in a public school in Recife-Pernambuco. Data were collected in February and March 2019, being obtained through interviews with objective questions related to the theme. Results: it was attended by 60 girls (average age 14 years). Most (68.4%) answered that they felt victimized by bullying; 49.9% are victims, according to the frequency of exposure to aggressions and 76.6% were bullied by boys; 26.6% showed bad consequences derived from this act. Verbal form was the most cited (31.6%). Conclusion: there is a high prevalence of adolescent victims of bullying. It emphasizes the importance of the family and school community in breaking social paradigms in order to decrease the occurrence of bullying.


Objetivo: analizar si el bullying se practica con frecuencia entre niñas adolescentes, quien lo practica y las consecuencias. Método: estudio exploratorio y transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. La población de investigación se compuso de niñas entre 10 y 19 años, inscritas regularmente en una escuela pública en Recife-Pernambuco. Los datos se recopilaron en febrero y marzo de 2019, y se obtuvieron mediante entrevistas con preguntas objetivas relacionadas con el tema. Resultados: participaron 60 niñas (edad promedio 14 años). La mayoría (68,4%) respondió que se sentía víctima de bullying; 49,9% son víctimas, de acuerdo con la frecuencia de exposición a las agresiones y 76,6% sufrieron bullying​​de niños; 26,6% presentaron malas consecuencias como resultado del acto. La forma verbal fue la más citada (31,6%). Conclusión: hay una alta prevalencia de adolescentes víctimas de bullying. Se subraya la importancia de la familia y la comunidad escolar para romper los paradigmas sociales con miras a minimizar la aparición del bullying.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Women , Adolescent , Bullying , Student Health Services
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