Subject(s)
Ataxia , Fragile X Syndrome , Thalamus , Tremor , Humans , Fragile X Syndrome/surgery , Thalamus/diagnostic imaging , Thalamus/surgery , Male , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Follow-Up Studies , Middle AgedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To quantify the incidence of flu in different groups of the population of Navarra in the 2004-2005 season, and to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-flu vaccination. METHODS: The analysis of influenza cases in the system of compulsory notificable diseases was complemented by the individualised notifications in the network of sentinel doctors that covers a population of 22,339 inhabitants. The coverage and effectiveness of the vaccine was studied. RESULTS: Vaccine coverage in (3)65 year olds reached 62%. The incidence of influenza was 42.6 cases per 1,000 inhabitants. It reached a maximum in mid-January, exceeding 750 weekly cases per 100,000 inhabitants and 1,900 cases per 100,000 children. The highest rate of influenza was observed in under-15 year olds (49.4 cases per 1,000 inhabitants) and the lowest in non-institutionalised (3)65 year olds (2.6 per 1,000 inhabitants), although it was higher in geriatric residences (62.1 per 1,000; p<0.0001). Seventy-nine percent of the cases from 5 to 64 years resulted in absenteeism from school or work. The flu virus was identified in 42/65 (65%) nasopharyngeal smears, 90% being influenza virus A(H3). The incidence of influenza was 3.08% in the unvaccinated and 0.45% in the vaccinated (p<0.001). The global effectiveness of the anti-flu vaccine was 65%, and in (3)65 years old it was 73%. CONCLUSION: Although its effectiveness is not total, the vaccine is the main measure for preventing influenza. The network of sentinel doctors provide useful information for the coordination of care and public health activities against flu.
Subject(s)
Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Alphainfluenzavirus/immunology , Betainfluenzavirus/immunology , Gammainfluenzavirus/immunology , Male , Middle Aged , Seasons , Sentinel Surveillance , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
We herein describe the ultrasonographic findings of 19 patients with clinical suspicion of acute diverticulitis. The criteria considered as evidence of the disease included the identification of the diverticuli, thickening of the wall of the loop, alteration of local mesenterium and selective pain. Diagnosis was complemented by CT scan, barium enema and, in determined cases, colonoscopy. Of the 19 cases studied, 18 corresponded to acute diverticulitis of the sigma and one to acute salpingitis. The former 18 cases were correctly diagnosed by ultrasonography (uncomplicated diverticulitis) and the posterior CT scan did not provide additional information. In conclusion, ultrasonography is a highly sensitive and specific technique for the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis when the sigmoid colon is involved.
Subject(s)
Diverticulitis, Colonic/diagnostic imaging , Sigmoid Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diverticulitis, Colonic/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Sigmoid Diseases/diagnosis , UltrasonographySubject(s)
Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Muscular Diseases/diagnosis , Muscular Diseases/parasitology , Child , Humans , Lumbosacral Region , MaleABSTRACT
The present study correlates the severity of dementia in Alzheimer's disease with the degree of neuropathology present in the nucleus basalis of Meynert. We assessed neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal loss and morphometric changes in 21 patients with Alzheimer's disease who underwent extensive neuropsychological testing before death. We report a highly significant correlation between scores in the psychological tests and all of the neuropathological markers examined within the nucleus basalis of Meynert. The test that correlated most closely with these morphological measures was Folstein's Mini Mental State. Among the different neuropathological changes, the number of neurofibrillary tangles was strongly correlated with the degree of dementia. We also provide evidence for a differential involvement of the three subdivisions of the nucleus basalis in Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. The posterior subdivision, which provides a substantial cholinergic input to the parahippocampal gyrus, was the more profoundly affected. Taken together, these results point to an important participation of the nucleus basalis in dementia of the Alzheimer type. In addition, the strong correlation between neuropathological changes and neuropsychological scores indicates the reliability of these tests in assessing the progression of the disease.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/pathology , Alzheimer Disease/psychology , Substantia Innominata/pathology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cell Count , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neurofibrillary Tangles/pathology , Neurons/pathology , Neuropsychological TestsABSTRACT
One hundred and eleven low-moderate hypertense elderly patients treated with nitrenpidine or chlortalidone were studied during 4 months either on monotherapy or in combination according to the therapeutic response observed. The therapeutic goal (diastolic arterial pressure less than 95 mmHg) was obtained in 92.4% of patients on nintrenpidine and in 49.1% on chlortidone, both on monotherapy (2 months) (p less than 0.001). At the end of the study 96.3% of patients reaches the therapeutic goal. Secondary effects were observed in 8.3% of patients on nitrenpidine and 6.1% on chlortalidone and in 11.1% of patients on combined treatment. No abnormalities were observed in blood biochemistry studied nor was there evidence of a significant influence of any of the two drugs on the patients quality of life which was evaluated through a specific questionnaire specially designed.
Subject(s)
Chlorthalidone/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Nitrendipine/therapeutic use , Aged , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Drug Tolerance , Humans , Hypertension/physiopathology , Quality of Life , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia en las prótesis esofágicas autoexpandibles en cuanto a las complicaciones a corto y a largo plazo, estudiando la permeabilidad primaria y secundaria de las prótesis no cubiertas y las recubiertas. Pacientes y método. Se han colocado 62 prótesis metálicas esofágicas de Wallstent (42 no recubiertas y 20 recubiertas) en 44 pacientes con carcinoma inoperable. La implantación de los stent ha sido peroral y con control fluoroscópico, requiriendo un ingreso hospitalario de 24 h. El estudio de la per meabilidad de las prótesis se ha estudiado con el test actuarial de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados. En 5 pacientes se requirió la colocación de 2 prótesis por estenosis muy larga. Respecto a las complicaciones inmediatas, en un paciente se produjo obstrucción inmediata de la malla al presentar un tumor muy blando; además, hubo un caso de hematemesis posprocedimiento. Un 45 por ciento de los pacientes con prótesis recubierta y un 19 por ciento con prótesis no recubierta presentaron dolor retrosternal importante. En cuanto a las complicaciones tardías, se observaron 2 casos de neumonía aspirativa, 2 pacientes con hematemesis y un caso con migración tardía de dos prótesis coaxiales 8 meses después de implantadas. El estudio de la permeabilidad primaria puso de manifiesto diferencias significativas entre los dos tipos de prótesis (92 y 90 días de mediana). En 8 pacientes existió obstrucción tumoral tardía tratada con una nueva prótesis, alcanzando este grupo una media de supervivencia de 260 días. Conclusiones. Las prótesis recubiertas producen más dolor retrosternal. No hay diferencias de permeabilidad en ambos tipos de prótesis. En caso de obstrucción tumoral del stent se debe valorar la colocación de una segunda prótesis (AU)