ABSTRACT
Tebuconazole (TEB) is a common triazole sterol demethylation inhibitor fungicide utilized to manage a variety of diseases in crops like cereals, fruits, and vegetables. The aim of this work was to assess the effects of TEB on the structure of the cerebellum in adult albino rats and possible protective impact of co-administration of Gallic acid (GA). Four groups of forty adult male albino rats were randomly selected, and the rats in group I received corn oil through daily gavage for 4 weeks. Group II received GA dissolved in the normal saline at a dose of 100 mg/kg through daily gavage for 4 weeks, group III administered with TEB dissolved in corn oil at its acceptable daily intake dose (0.02 mg/kg body weight) through daily gavage for 4 weeks, group IV rats received both TEB and GA. For light microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical investigations, cerebellar specimens were prepared. TEB exposure led to neuronal damage in the form of degenerated Purkinje cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, areas of lost Purkinje cells, the basket cells appeared vacuolated with degenerated neuropil, the granule cells clumped with congested areas between them, dilated cerebellar islands, weak positive bcl2 immunoreactions in the Purkinje cells, and numerous GFAP-positive astrocytes. GA mitigated TEB-mediated histological changes in the cerebellar cortex. We concluded that TEB caused Purkinje neurons in the rat cerebellar cortex to degenerate and undergo apoptosis. GA had a neuroprotective benefit against TEB toxicity in the rat cerebellar cortex.
Subject(s)
Cerebellum , Fungicides, Industrial , Gallic Acid , Triazoles , Animals , Male , Rats , Cerebellum/drug effects , Cerebellum/pathology , Gallic Acid/pharmacology , Triazoles/pharmacology , Triazoles/toxicity , Fungicides, Industrial/toxicity , Immunohistochemistry , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The visual cortex is very important in mammals for processing of visual information. Exposure to heavy metals such as potassium dichromate poses serious health threat to human beings. The aim of this work is to study the effect of potassium dichromate on the visual cortex of adult albino rat and also to identify the possibility of selenium as protective agent against toxicity of potassium dichromate. A total number of 40 adult albino rats weighting (200-250) gm were used. They divided into four groups: control group, potassium dichromate received group, potassium dichromate and selenium received group and selenium received group. The rats received treatment for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, they were sacrificed. The present study showed that potassium dichromate causes degeneration of granular neurons in layer IV and pyramidal neurons in layer V. Morphometric results revealed statistically significant decrease in the number of granule and pyramidal cells in potassium dichromate received group as compared with control group. Most of degenerative changes are improved by selenium.
اÙدÙر اÙÙÙائ٠اÙÙ Øت٠٠ÙÙسÙÙÙÙÙÙ٠عÙ٠اÙÙشرة اÙÙ Ø®ÙØ© اÙبصرÙØ© ÙÙÙأر اÙابÙض اÙباÙغ عÙد اÙتعرضÙÙداÙÙرÙ٠ات اÙبÙتاسÙÙ٠ساÙ٠سÙد Ø£ÙÙر-ÙاÙØ© Ù Ø٠د ØساÙÙÙÙس٠اÙتشرÙØ Ø§Ùاد٠٠ÙعÙ٠اÙاجÙØ© -ÙÙÙØ© اÙطب اÙبشرÙ- جا٠عة اسÙÙطاÙÙشرة اÙبصرÙØ© Ù ÙÙ Ø© جدا Ù٠اÙثدÙÙات Ù٠عاÙجة اÙ٠عÙÙ٠ات اÙ٠رئÙØ©. ÙØ´Ù٠اÙتعرض ÙÙ٠عادÙاÙØ«ÙÙÙØ© Ù Ø«Ù Ø«Ùائ٠ÙرÙ٠ات اÙبÙتاسÙÙ٠تÙدÙدا٠صØÙا٠خطÙرا٠ÙÙØ¥ÙساÙ. اÙÙد٠٠٠Ùذا اÙع٠٠ÙÙدراسة تأثÙر Ø«Ùائ٠ÙرÙ٠ات اÙبÙتاسÙÙ٠عÙ٠اÙÙشرة اÙبصرÙØ© Ùجرذ Ø£ÙبÙÙ٠اÙباÙغ ÙÙØ°Ù٠اÙتعرÙعÙ٠إ٠ÙاÙÙØ© استخدا٠اÙسÙÙÙÙÙÙÙ Ùعا٠٠ÙÙائ٠ضد س٠ÙØ© Ø«Ùائ٠ÙرÙ٠ات اÙبÙتاسÙÙÙ . ت٠استخدا٠جرذ ٠٠اÙجرذا٠اÙباÙغة ÙزÙÙا (200-250) جرا٠. ت٠تÙسÙÙ Ù٠إÙÙ 4 ٠ج٠Ùعات: اÙ٠ج٠Ùعة40اÙضابطة Ø Ø§Ù٠ج٠Ùعة اÙ٠ستÙÙ Ø© Ø«Ùائ٠ÙرÙ٠ات اÙبÙتاسÙÙÙ Ø Ø§Ù٠ج٠Ùعة اÙ٠ستÙÙ Ø© ثاÙÙ ÙرÙ٠اتاÙبÙتاسÙÙÙ ÙاÙسÙÙÙÙÙÙ٠اÙ٠ج٠Ùعة اÙ٠ستÙÙ Ø© سÙÙÙÙÙÙ٠تÙÙتاÙÙئرا٠اÙعÙاج Ù٠دة 6أسابÙع. بعد ستة أسابÙع ت٠اÙتضØÙØ© بÙÙ . أظÙرت اÙدراسة اÙØاÙÙØ© Ø£Ù Ø«Ùائ٠ÙرÙ٠ات اÙبÙتاسÙÙÙ Ùسبب تÙÙس اÙØ®ÙاÙا اÙعصبÙØ© اÙØبÙبÙØ© Ù٠اÙطبÙØ© اÙرابعة ÙاÙØ®ÙاÙا اÙعصبÙØ© اÙÙر٠ÙØ© Ù٠اÙطبÙةاÙخا٠سة. أظÙرت Ùتائج اÙÙÙاس اÙÙ ÙرÙÙ٠تر٠اÙØ®ÙاضÙا ذا دÙاÙØ© Ø¥ØصائÙØ© Ù٠عدد اÙØ®ÙاÙا اÙØبÙبÙØ©ÙاÙÙر٠ÙØ© Ù٠اÙ٠ج٠Ùعة اÙت٠ت٠تÙÙÙÙا Ù Ù Ø«Ùائ٠ÙرÙ٠ات اÙبÙتاسÙÙÙ Ù ÙارÙØ© ب٠ج٠Ùعة اÙتØÙÙ . Ùت٠تØسÙ٠٠عظ٠اÙتغÙÙرات اÙتÙÙسÙØ© بÙاسطة اÙسÙÙÙÙÙÙÙ .[Figure: see text].
Subject(s)
Selenium , Visual Cortex , Rats , Humans , Adult , Animals , Potassium Dichromate/toxicity , Selenium/pharmacology , MammalsABSTRACT
Obesity is a serious health issue. As regard, the central nervous system, obesity induces neuronal damage. Vitamin D has well-known anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. To detect if vitamin D protects against damage in the arcuate nucleus induced by a high fat-high fructose diet. Forty adult rats were used, and four groups were formed. Group I (negative control) kept on a standard chow diet for six weeks, Group II (positive control) received vitamin D orally once every other day for six weeks, Group III (high fat-high fructose treated group) was given high fat-high fructose diets for six weeks and Group IV (high fat-high fructose and vitamin D treated group) were given high fat-high fructose diets concomitantly with vitamin D for six weeks. High fat-high fructose diet markedly caused histological changes in arcuate neurons as nuclei appeared darkly stained and shrunken with condensed chromatin, and the nucleolus became less prominent. The cytoplasm appeared rarefied with loss of most of the organelles. An increase in neuroglial cells was noticed. The synaptic area showed sparse degenerated mitochondria and a disrupted presynaptic membrane. A high-fat diet has a damaging effect on arcuate neurons and vitamin D alleviates these effects.
Subject(s)
Diet, High-Fat , Vitamin D , Rats , Animals , Vitamin D/pharmacology , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects , Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/pathology , Obesity/etiology , Obesity/pathology , Fructose/toxicityABSTRACT
Pesticides like atrazine which are frequently present in everyday surroundings, have adverse impacts on human health and may contribute to male infertility. The work aimed to analyze the histological and biochemical effects of atrazine on the testis in adult albino rats and whether co-administration with resveratrol could reverse the effect of atrazine. Forty adult male albino rats in good health participated in this study. They were categorized at random into four groups: the Group Ó received water through a gastric tube for two months every day, the Group ÓÓ received resveratrol (20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) through a gastric tube for two months every day, the Group ÓÓÓ received atrazine (50 mg/kg bw) through a gastric tube for two months every day, the Group ÓV received concomitant doses of atrazine and resveratrol for two months every day. The testes of the animals were then carefully removed and prepared for biochemical, immunohistochemical, light, and electron microscopic studies. Atrazine exposure led to a significant decrease in serum testosterone hormone level, upregulation of caspase 3 and iNOS mRNA levels, destructed seminiferous tubules with few sperms in their lumens, many collagen fibres accumulation in the tunica albuginea and the interstitium, abnormal morphology of some sperms as well as many vacuolations, and damaged mitochondria in the cytoplasm of many germ cells. Concomitant administration of resveratrol can improve these adverse effects. It was concluded that atrazine exposure is toxic to the testis and impairs male fertility in adult rat and coadministration of resveratrol guards against this toxicity.