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1.
J Med Ultrasound ; 29(2): 119-122, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34377644

ABSTRACT

Paraganglioma is a tumor that originates from neuroendocrine cells of the sympathetic or parasympathetic systems. Patients may suffer from headaches, palpitations, diaphoresis, and hypertension due to catecholamine excess or symptoms from the mass effect of the tumor. In the absence of typical symptoms of catecholamine excess, the diagnosis of a nonfunctional paraganglioma is often delayed. Herein, we report a case of a 63-year-old female patient with a nonfunctional paraganglioma which is an accidental finding during investigation of a fever. Abdominal ultrasonography incidentally detected this lesion as a complex, solid, cystic mass in the left suprarenal retroperitoneum.

2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 15(5): 7563-78, 2014 May 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24798751

ABSTRACT

N-Acetylcysteine (Nac) is an antioxidant administered in both oral and injectable forms. In this study, we used Nac topically to treat burn wounds in vitro and in vivo to investigate mechanisms of action. In vitro, we monitored glutathione levels, cell proliferation, migration, scratch-wound healing activities and the epithelialization-related proteins, matrixmetalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and proteins involved in regulating the expression of MMP-1 in CCD-966SK cells treated with Nac. Various Nac concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mM) increased glutathione levels, cell viability, scratch-wound healing activities and migration abilities of CCD-966SK cells in a dose-dependent manner. The MMP-1 expression of CCD-966SK cells treated with 1.0 mM Nac for 24 h was significantly increased. Levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase C (PKC), janus kinase 1 (Jak1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), c-Fos and Jun, but not extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2), were also significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner compared to the controls. In addition, Nac induced collagenous expression of MMP-1 via the PKC/Stat3 signaling pathway. In vivo, a burn wound healing rat model was applied to assess the stimulation activity and histopathological effects of Nac, with 3.0% Nac-treated wounds being found to show better characteristics on re-epithelialization. Our results demonstrated that Nac can potentially promote wound healing activity, and may be a promising drug to accelerate burn wound healing.


Subject(s)
Acetylcysteine/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Burns/drug therapy , Protein Kinase C/metabolism , STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Wound Healing/drug effects , Acetylcysteine/administration & dosage , Administration, Topical , Animals , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Burns/metabolism , Burns/pathology , Cell Line , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Humans , Male , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Skin/drug effects , Skin/metabolism , Skin/pathology
3.
Parasitology ; 139(3): 358-65, 2012 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22053741

ABSTRACT

Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis) is the most common cause of parasitic eosinophilic meningitis worldwide. By using an animal model of BALB/c mice infected with A. cantonensis, previous studies indicated that the anthelmintic drug, albendazole, could kill A. cantonensis larvae and prevent further infection. However, the dead larvae will induce severe immune responses targeting at brain tissues. To alleviate the detrimental effects caused by the dead larvae, we administered curcumin, a traditional anti-inflammatory agent, as a complementary treatment in addition to albendazole therapy, to determine whether curcumin could be beneficial for treatment. The results showed that although curcumin treatment alone did not reduce worm number, combined treatment by albendazole and curcumin helped to reduce eosinophil count in the cerebrospinal fluid, better than using albendazole alone. This alleviating effect did not affect albendazole treatment alone, since histological analysis showed similar worm eradication with or without addition of curcumin. Nevertheless, curcumin treatment alone and combined albendazole-curcumin treatment did not inhibit MMP-9 expression in the brain tissue. In conclusion, curcumin, when used as a complementary treatment to albendazole, could help to alleviate eosinophilic meningitis through suppression of eosinophil count in the cerebrospinal fluid.


Subject(s)
Albendazole/therapeutic use , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/drug effects , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Curcumin/therapeutic use , Eosinophilia/drug therapy , Meningitis/drug therapy , Strongylida Infections/drug therapy , Albendazole/administration & dosage , Animals , Anthelmintics/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Brain/drug effects , Brain/immunology , Brain/parasitology , Curcumin/administration & dosage , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Therapy, Combination , Eosinophilia/cerebrospinal fluid , Eosinophilia/parasitology , Eosinophils/drug effects , Larva/drug effects , Leukocyte Count , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/biosynthesis , Meningitis/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis/parasitology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Strongylida Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Strongylida Infections/parasitology
4.
Arch Toxicol ; 86(2): 315-27, 2012 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21964634

ABSTRACT

Carcinogenic agents such as N-methyl-N-nitrosourea can cause tumors. The aims of the present study were to evaluate and classify a subtype of AML (acute myeloid leukemia) that was induced by NMU. According to previous publications, NMU induces not only mammary cancer but also leukemia in Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats. However, the subtype of leukemia involved in NMU-treated rats is unknown. We found that both organ weight and relative organ weights were significantly higher in NMU-exposed rats than in controls. Morphological changes of rat livers and spleens were assessed by histological evaluation (H&E staining), which found that these tissues were abnormal in appearance. Also, cytological examination of the blood showed immature white blood cells in a smear using Liu's and Papanicolaou stains, indicating that gross abnormalities and histopathological changes were pathologically observed. NMU leukemia incidence was 97.1%. In this study, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was valuable in classifying the leukemia of poorly differentiated blasts induced by NMU. Paraffin blocks were stained for MPO, CD3, CD15, CD20, and CD34 markers. The NMU-induced group was positive for MPO, but negative for CD3, CD15, CD20, and CD34. These CD markers suggest that they are useful in helping diagnose APL (M3) leukemia. The model of NMU-induced leukemogenesis in an S-D rat suggests a more definite way to classify APL. This APL will provide an important tool for chemical carcinogenesis and leukemia studies.


Subject(s)
Carcinogens/toxicity , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/chemically induced , Methylnitrosourea/toxicity , Animals , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
5.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22888366

ABSTRACT

Curcumin (CUR) has been shown to possess a preventive effect against various cancers and interfere with multiple-cell signaling pathways. We evaluated the protective effects of CUR in regression of UVB-induced skin tumor formation in SKH-1 hairless mice and its underlying early molecular biomarkers associated with carcinogenesis. Mice irradiated with UVB at 180 mJ/cm(2) twice per week elicited 100% tumor incidence at 20 weeks. Topical application of CUR prior to UVB irradiation caused delay in tumor appearance, multiplicity, and size. Topical application of CUR prior to and immediately after a single UVB irradiation (180 mJ/cm(2)) resulted in a significant decrease in UVB-induced thymine dimer-positive cells, expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and apoptotic sunburn cells together with an increase in p53 and p21/Cip1-positive cell population in epidermis. Simultaneously, CUR also significantly inhibited NF-κB, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) levels. The results suggest that the protective effect of CUR against photocarcinogenesis is accompanied by downregulation of cell proliferative controls, involving thymine dimer, PCNA, apoptosis, transcription factors NF-κB, and of inflammatory responses involving COX-2, PGE2, and NO, while upregulation of p53 and p21/Cip1 to prevent DNA damage and facilitate DNA repair.

6.
Ann Surg Oncol ; 18(8): 2388-94, 2011 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21347793

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although overexpression, amplification, and somatic mutation of the HER2 gene have been noted in various types of human cancers, we report here for the first time that novel mutations and amplification of the HER2 gene occurred concomitantly in mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS: Twenty-seven tissue microarray samples from EOC patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with Dako c-erb-B2 antibody and subsequently were examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the Abbott PathVysion HER2 DNA Probe Kit. HER2 gene, exon 18-24, encoding a tyrosine kinase domain, was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. RESULTS: The FISH-IHC paired results confirmed 19 concordant negative results and 3 concordant positive results. Moreover, all 4 HER2-amplified cases were of the mucinous type, whereas the remaining 23 HER2-nonamplified cases were of the nonmucinous type. The 4 mucinous EOC cases with HER2 gene amplification were selected and further analyzed for HER2 gene mutations. Data revealed that somatic mutations were present in 2 cases (R970W and E971G), but absent in the other 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: HER2 protein overexpression correlated significantly with HER2 gene amplification in EOC (P = 0.027). It is surprising that all 4 cases of mucinous EOC showed HER2 gene amplification confirmed by FISH testing. However, we suppose that increasing the number of cases would possibly modify the results. This study also showed that both HER2 gene amplification and somatic mutations are not mutually exclusive in mucinous EOC. Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential role of anti-HER2 therapy.


Subject(s)
Gene Amplification , Mutation/genetics , Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics , Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism , Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics , Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/genetics , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology , Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/genetics , Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/genetics , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology , DNA, Neoplasm/genetics , Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics , Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prognosis , Survival Rate
7.
Int J Gynecol Pathol ; 29(3): 282-9, 2010 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20407331

ABSTRACT

The choice of appropriate therapeutic plans for primary endocervical adenocarcinomas and endometrial adenocarcinomas depends on the site of origin of the tumor. The purpose of this study was to make clear whether the immunohistochemistry of the true cytokeratin 8/18 monoclonal antibody (Leica Microsystems, Newcastle, United Kingdom), instead of CAM 5.2 (Becton Dickinson Biosciences, San Jose, CA), has potential use in distinguishing between endocervical adenocarcinomas and endometrial adenocarcinomas. A tissue microarray was constructed using paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissues from 34 hysterectomy specimens, including 14 endocervical adenocarcinomas and 20 endometrial adenocarcinomas. Using the Bond-Max autostainer (Leica Microsystems) and the associated Bond Refine Polymer Detection Kit, tissue array sections were immunostained with cytokeratin 8, 18, and 8/18 commercially available antibodies. The immunohistochemical expressions of all 3 markers, cytokeratin 8, 18, and 8/18 showed nonsignificant (P>0.05) frequency differences between the immunostaining results (positive vs. negative) in tumors of both gynecologic adenocarcinomas. Although CAM 5.2 has been reported to be helpful in distinguishing between primary endocervical adenocarcinomas and endometrial adenocarcinomas, we could not verify this point of view using the true cytokeratin 8/18 monoclonal antibody (Leica Microsystems). It has often been mistakenly cited that CAM 5.2 reacts with cytokeratin 8 and 18, and the results herein confer that there is a wrong impression that cytokeratin 8/18 is differentially expressed in these 2 gynecologic malignancies. In conclusion, the true cytokeratin 8/18 monoclonal antibody is of no use in distinguishing between primary endocervical adenocarcinomas and endometrial adenocarcinomas.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism , Keratin-18/metabolism , Keratin-8/metabolism , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry , Diagnosis, Differential , Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
9.
Arch Toxicol ; 84(9): 731-40, 2010 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20571779

ABSTRACT

Previous studies indicate that COX-2 and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) receptor subtypes are involved in intestinal carcinogenesis and activation of downstream pathways. In this report, we try to understand the association of PGE(2) receptor and K-ras cellular mechanism during the development of colorectal cancer. We collected 21 colorectal cancer patients and compared the protein expression of tumor tissues and normal mucosa tissues by using immunoblot. Furthermore, we transferred empty vector and pcDNA-K-ras into Ras-HT29 colon cancer cells. Result showed that phosphorylation of Akt and EP(1)/EP(4) were over-expressed in the colorectal tumor tissue. K-ras induces HT29 cells proliferation through the expressions of COX-2, EP1/EP4, pAkt, GSK3beta and increases Tcf transcriptional factor activation. Additionally, Ras protein was suppressed when treated with EP(4) inhibitor in Ras-HT29 cell. In cell cycle assay, K-ras mutation causing cell cycle S phase was prolonged with an increase in the G2/M phase ratio. In conclusion, we suggested that Ras overexpression leads to cell proliferation through activating Ras/PI3K/GSK3beta/EP(4) PGE(2) receptor signals and caused a feedback regulation of Ras by EP4 in colorectal tumor progression.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism , Dinoprostone/metabolism , Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism , ras Proteins/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism , Dinoprostone/genetics , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phosphorylation , Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype/metabolism , TCF Transcription Factors/metabolism , Up-Regulation
10.
J Transl Med ; 7: 25, 2009 Apr 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19366452

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Endocervical adenocarcinomas (ECAs) and endometrial adenocarcinomas (EMAs) are malignancies that affect uterus; however, their biological behaviors are quite different. This distinction has clinical significance, because the appropriate therapy may depend on the site of tumor origin. The purpose of this study is to evaluate 3 different scoring mechanisms of p16INK4a immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in distinguishing between primary ECAs and EMAs. METHODS: A tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from hysterectomy specimens, including 14 ECAs and 24 EMAs. Tissue array sections were immunostained with a commercially available antibody of p16INK4a. Avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method was used for antigens visualization. The staining intensity and area extent of the IHC reactions was evaluated using the semi-quantitative scoring system. The 3 scoring methods were defined on the bases of the following: (1) independent cytoplasmic staining alone (Method C), (2) independent nucleic staining alone (Method N), and (3) mean of the sum of cytoplasmic score plus nucleic score (Method Mean of C plus N). RESULTS: Of the 3 scoring mechanisms for p16INK4a expression, Method N and Method Mean of C plus N showed significant (p-values < 0.05), but Method C showed non-significant (p = 0.245) frequency differences between ECAs and EMAs. In addition, Method Mean of C plus N had the highest overall accuracy rate (81.6%) for diagnostic distinction among these 3 scoring methods. CONCLUSION: According to the data characteristics and test effectiveness in this study, Method N and Method Mean of C plus N can significantly signal to distinguish between ECAs and EMAs; while Method C cannot do. Method Mean of C plus N is the most promising and favorable means among the three scoring mechanisms.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/metabolism , Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Biopsy , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/genetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Protein Array Analysis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
11.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 73(2): 385-90, 2009 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19202285

ABSTRACT

Oxidative stress and inflammation are related to several chronic diseases including cancer and atherosclerosis. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus has been found to possess antioxidant effects. In this study, polyphenols extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HPE) were used to detect anti-inflammatory effects on nitrite and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated RAW264.7 cells. Sequentially, an animal model examination was performed to confirm the effects of HPE on LPS-induced hepatic inflammation. The results showed that HPE reduced 94.6% of xanthine oxidase activity in vitro, and decreased nitrite and PGE(2) secretions in LPS-induced cells. In LPS-treated rats, HPE significantly decreased the serum levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase. In the liver, lipid peroxidation and liver lesions decreased, and catalase activity and glutathione increased. The study also revealed that down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and p-P38 might have been involved. In sum, this study found an anti-inflammatory potency of HPE both in vitro and in vivo.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects , Hibiscus/chemistry , Inflammation/metabolism , Lipopolysaccharides/antagonists & inhibitors , Phenols/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Cell Line , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Flavonoids/therapeutic use , Inflammation/chemically induced , Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/pathology , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity , Liver/cytology , Liver/drug effects , Liver/pathology , Macrophages/drug effects , Macrophages/metabolism , Male , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Phenols/isolation & purification , Phenols/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Polyphenols , Rats , Xanthine Oxidase/metabolism
12.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B ; 8(8): 580-3, 2007 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17657861

ABSTRACT

Primary mammary tuberculosis is a rare entity that usually occurs in female of reproductive age. Herein three such patients including two males with ages over 80 years, who underwent surgical resection, are reported. Fine needle biopsy failed to achieve specific diagnosis before surgical operation. All of their conditions got satisfactory improvement and anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy was administered postoperatively. Previous literature related to the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment for mammary tuberculosis will be also reviewed. Mammary tuberculosis is usually related to breast feeding women and is extremely rare in aged man. The possible mechanisms resulting in this disease in our three patients, including direct extension, reactivation, or transmitted by staffs or peers of the nursing home, would also be discussed.


Subject(s)
Breast Diseases/pathology , Breast Diseases/surgery , Tuberculosis/pathology , Tuberculosis/surgery , Aged, 80 and over , Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Male , Tuberculosis/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography
13.
Food Funct ; 8(1): 397-405, 2017 Jan 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28074952

ABSTRACT

Excessive alcohol uptake exerts hepatocellular toxicity, ultimately leading to multiple liver diseases such as steatohepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and its major components chlorogenic acid (CGA) and neochlorogenic acid (nCGA) on alcoholic steatohepatitis. We determined the composition of MLE using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) analysis, which showed that MLE consisted of mainly chlorogenic acid derivatives and other polyphenols. Next, we utilized a high alcohol-fed mouse model and demonstrated that MLE alleviated alcohol-induced hepatocellular disorders, resulting in lowered hepatic injury markers and lipid accumulation. In addition, MLE reduced lipid peroxidation and meanwhile elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD). Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining revealed that MLE elevated the expression of caveolin-1 but reduced the expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and receptor interacting protein (RIP) 1/3. Major components of MLE, CGA and nCGA, not only exerted a similar biological activity as MLE but also inhibited alcohol-induced pro-apoptotic signals. Involvement of caveolin-1 in MLE, CGA and nCGA was demonstrated by using specific small inhibitory RNA. In conclusion, MLE and its chlorogenic derivatives CGA and nCGA upregulate caveolin-1 expression and diminish EGFR/STAT3/iNOS signalling, which may contribute to lowered hepatic lipid accumulation and peroxidation and inhibited pro-apoptotic cascades.


Subject(s)
Caveolin 1/genetics , Chlorogenic Acid/administration & dosage , Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/drug therapy , Morus/chemistry , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Animals , Caveolin 1/metabolism , Chlorogenic Acid/chemistry , Ethanol/adverse effects , Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/etiology , Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/genetics , Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/metabolism , Humans , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Up-Regulation/drug effects
15.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 44(3): 336-43, 2006 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16176854

ABSTRACT

Dried flower Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HSE) extracts, a local soft drink material and medicinal herb, were studied for their protective effects against liver fibrosis induced using carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in rats. Male Wistar rats were administered CCl(4) by intraperitoneal injection for 7weeks and received a normal diet or normal diet with various HSE doses (1-5%) for 9weeks. HSE significantly reduced the liver damage including steatosis and fibrosis in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, HSE significantly decreased the elevation in plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). It also restored the decrease in glutathione content and inhibited the formation of lipid peroxidative products during CCl(4) treatment. In the primary culture, HSE also significantly inhibited the activation of the hepatic stellate cells. These results suggested that HSE may protect the liver against CCl(4)-induced fibrosis. This protective effect appears due to HSEs antioxidant properties.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Hibiscus/chemistry , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/prevention & control , Liver/drug effects , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Animals , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity , Cells, Cultured , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glutathione/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Liver/enzymology , Liver/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/pathology , Male , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Protective Agents/administration & dosage , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Severity of Illness Index , Silymarin/administration & dosage , Silymarin/pharmacology , Silymarin/therapeutic use
16.
Food Funct ; 7(12): 4753-4763, 2016 Dec 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27805229

ABSTRACT

Mulberry has favorable antioxidant ability. Menopause is a major cause of osteoporosis in women, and it is partially associated with oxidative stress. Here, mulberry water extract (MWE) was fed to ovariectomic (OVX) rats to explore the potential effect of MWE on osteoporosis. The results revealed that plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) significantly decreased in the OVX rats after MWE administration for 8 weeks. Histological examination showed that the MWE increased the density of trabecular bone in the OVX rats. It also revealed that the MWE increases the expression of Runx2 and decreases that of the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB and its ligand in the OVX rats. This implies that MWE might regulate osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast proliferation. The MWE improved the antioxidant status by lowering the expression of heme oxygenase-1. In addition, the MWE increased the expression of osteocalcin, ALP, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in an osteoblast cell line, MG-63. The present results imply that MWE has potential to decelerate osteoporosis in an experimental OVX rat model.


Subject(s)
Morus/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Water/chemistry , Animals , Cell Line , Female , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Osteoblasts/drug effects , Ovariectomy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
17.
J Food Drug Anal ; 24(4): 730-737, 2016 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28911610

ABSTRACT

Myrciaria cauliflora is a functional food rich in anthocyanins, possessing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Our previous results demonstrated M. cauliflora extract (MCE) had beneficial effects in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and via the inhibition of Ras/PI3K/Akt and kidney fibrosis-related proteins. The purpose of this study was to assess the benefit of MCE in diabetes associated with kidney inflammation and glycemic regulation in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ/NA)-induced diabetic mice. Compared with the untreated diabetic group, MCE significantly improved blood glucose and serum biochemical characteristic levels. Exposure to MCE increased antioxidative enzyme activity and diminished reactive oxygen synthesis. Mice receiving MCE supplementation had reduced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels compared to the untreated diabetic mice. Inflammatory and fibrotic related proteins such as collagen IV, fibronectin, Janus kinase (JAK), phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), protein kinase C beta (PKC-ß), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were also inhibited by MCE treatment in STZ/NA mice. These results suggest that MCE may be used as a hypoglycemic agent and antioxidant in Type 2 diabetic mice.


Subject(s)
Myrtaceae , Animals , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Diabetic Nephropathies , Inflammation , Mice , Niacinamide , Oxidative Stress , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Plant Extracts , Streptozocin
18.
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol ; 24(8): 541-9, 2016 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26258754

ABSTRACT

We retrospectively investigated 59 surgically resected primary intestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (PI-DLBCL) including 31 males and 28 females with a median age of 66. Eleven (19%) tumors were perforated at presentation; 8 (14%) were multicentric. Ileum (n=24; 43%) and ileocecum (n=17; 30%) were most frequently involved. Twenty-one (36%) patients did not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy including 6 with perforation and died in 0.2 to 7 months. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 68.4%, 56.5%, and 50.0%, respectively. Seven (12%) of 59 cases were positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by in situ hybridization. IGH, BCL2, BCL6, and MYC foci were rearranged in 22%, 3%, 17%, and 7% cases, respectively, with 14% exhibiting gain/amplification at the MYC locus. Perforation (P=0.009), high ECOG PS (≥2) (P=0.018), and no adjuvant chemotherapy (P<0.001) were poor prognostic factors but not immunophenotype including co-expression of bcl-2 and myc, EBV status, or chromosomal aberrations. Perforation and chemotherapy remained significant by multivariate analysis. PI-DLBCL in Taiwan carried a relatively higher rate of perforation, lower frequency of germinal center B-cell phenotype, and higher EBV association as compared with studies from other geographic areas. Furthermore, perforation was a poor prognostic factor.


Subject(s)
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/pathology , Intestinal Neoplasms/pathology , Intestinal Perforation/complications , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Intestinal Neoplasms/complications , Intestinal Neoplasms/virology , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/virology , Male , Middle Aged , Survival Analysis , Taiwan , Young Adult
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