ABSTRACT
Two new norlignans together with two known phenylpropanoids were isolated from the whole herb of Anemone vitifolia. All compounds were reported from this plant for the first time. The structures of these compounds were identified by comprehensive HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with literature data. Additionally, bioactivity study results showed that two new compounds have potential anti-inflammatory activity. The plausible biosynthetic pathway for these compounds were also speculated in this article.
Subject(s)
Anemone/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Lignans/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide/antagonists & inhibitors , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/isolation & purification , Cell Survival/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification , Lignans/chemistry , Lignans/isolation & purification , Lipopolysaccharides/antagonists & inhibitors , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Mice , Molecular Structure , Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis , Propanols/chemistry , Propanols/isolation & purification , Propanols/pharmacology , RAW 264.7 Cells , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A new chromone glycoside, 8-O-ß-D-Glucopyranosyl-2-methylchromone (1), together with eight known compounds (2-9) were isolated from the Tibetan medicine plant of Swertia punicea. All compounds of this plant were reported for the first time. The structures of these metabolites were elucidated by analysis of their HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with data reported in the literature. In vitro test, all compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity through the determination of nitric oxide production. Compounds 1-2 were evaluated for cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines (HeLa, MDA-MB-231 and A375) by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Furthermore, the chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds has also been described.
Subject(s)
Swertia , Chromones , Glycosides/pharmacology , Humans , Medicine, Tibetan Traditional , Molecular StructureABSTRACT
Three new phenylacetamide glycosides (1-3) together with one known phenylacetamide glycoside (4) and two known flavonoid glycosides (5-6) were isolated from whole plants of Dracocephalum tanguticum. The structure of all compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with data reported in related literature. Compounds (1-3) were evaluated for their anti-hyperglycemic and anti-fungal (Candida albicans) activities, the results revealed that all of them showed moderate activity with 3T3-L1 adipocytes glucose consumption rate of 20.80 ± 1.47%, 21.48 ± 2.44%, and 21.57 ± 1.35%, respectively at the final concentration of 25 µM. However, none of them showed obvious Candida albicans inhibitory activity.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Glycosides/pharmacology , Hypoglycemic Agents/isolation & purification , Lamiaceae/chemistry , Animals , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Cell Line , Flavonoids/chemistry , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Glucose/pharmacokinetics , Glycosides/chemistry , Glycosides/isolation & purification , Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Mice , Molecular Structure , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
As a folk medicine, Phlomis likiangensis is traditionally used in China to activate collaterals and protect cardiovascular system. We hypothesized that the beneficial effects of Phlomis likiangensis may be related to vasodilatation. In the present study, twelve known iridoid glucosides (1-12) were isolated from Phlomis likiangensis. The vasodilatory effects and the underlying mechanisms of the main components (iridoid glucosides) of Phlomis likiangensis on rat aortic rings were investigated. The result showed that iridoid glucosides significantly increased the vasodilatation in rat aortic rings, which was abolished by removing the endothelium of the vessels or by eliminating the generation of nitric oxide. Finally, the structure-activity relationship of compounds 1-12 was also speculated. Our findings provide the first evidence that the iridoid glucosides of Phlomis likiangensis may be the pharmacodynamic basis for its traditional efficacy.
Subject(s)
Iridoid Glucosides/pharmacology , Phlomis/chemistry , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Aorta/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , China , Endothelial Cells/drug effects , In Vitro Techniques , Iridoid Glucosides/chemistry , Male , Molecular Structure , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Rhizome/chemistry , Structure-Activity Relationship , Vasodilation , Vasodilator Agents/chemistryABSTRACT
There is growing evidence that motherwort (Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), and Chinese patent medicines derived from motherwort, alleviate postpartum uterine subinvolution, as well as the effects on myocardial and cerebral ischemic injuries. We hypothesized that these beneficial effects of motherwort may be related to angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the angiogenic effects of motherwort total alkaloids and essential oil, as well as their respective primary components, on zebrafish embryos. Motherwort total alkaloids significantly increased angiogenesis in transgenic Tg (flk1: EGFP) zebrafish embryos treated with sunitinib, as did stachydrine, the most abundant alkaloid produced by motherwort. Unexpectedly, motherwort essential oil was toxic to zebrafish embryos. Our results indicated, for the first time, that motherwort alkaloids were potent angiogenic agents, while even low concentrations of motherwort essential oil were toxic. As angiogenesis is a critical aspect of postpartum recovery, our results provide evidence for traditional application of motherwort water decoction and its Chinese patent medicines (e.g. motherwort injection) to promote postpartum recovery.