Significance of Medial Osteotomy on the Olfactory Function in Patients Who Underwent Septorhinoplasty.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to explore the impact of medial osteotomy on olfactory function. METHODS: This nonrandomized, prospective study included 60 adult patients who underwent open technique septoplasty (group 1), rhinoplasty with only lateral osteotomy (group 2), and septorhinoplasty with medial and lateral osteotomies (group 3). Olfactory functions were evaluated by using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) olfactory test. The CCCRC test includes the butanol threshold test and smell identification test using common smells. The butanol threshold test and smell identification test scores of each group were recorded preoperatively and at 1st and 4th months and compared. RESULTS: Each group is consisted of 20 patients. The preoperative smell identification test and butanol threshold test scores were similar in each group. The smell identification test, butanol threshold test, and CCCRC olfactory test scores of the 1st month were statistically significantly low in group 3. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups at 4th month postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The present study is the first analysis of the effect of medial osteotomy on olfactory function. Medial osteotomy may decrease the olfactory function in early time, but afterwards olfaction could recover at preoperative levels.

Does Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Cause Systemic Microvascular Dysfunction?

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) secondary to adenoid hypertrophy causes systemic microvascular dysfunction. This is a prospective single-blinded case-control study. As the patient group, 81 patients diagnosed to have OSAS secondary to adenoid hypertrophy at our hospital between January 2016 and May 2016; as the control group, 26 healthy pediatric volunteers who presented to the hospital for health screening were included in this study. Three groups of OSAS patients were defined as mild, moderate, and severe respectively, according to the lateral nasopharynx x-ray. Patients with comorbid diseases were excluded from the study. For microvascular dysfunction, videocapillaroscopic evaluation was performed at the nailfold and capillary density (CD) and postocclusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) values were measured and statistical analysis between the groups was performed. The duration of complaints in all patients with OSAS was at least 6 months and <1 year. CD measurement in the control group and mild, moderate, and severe OSAS group was 94.1 ±â€Š7.9, 96.9 ±â€Š11, 94.7 ±â€Š8.4, and 93.7 ±â€Š9.4, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). PORH measurement in the control group and mild, moderate, and severe OSAS group was 95.6 ±â€Š8.6, 97.9 ±â€Š10.1, 96 ±â€Š8.7, and 93.9 ±â€Š9.3, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). OSAS secondary to adenoid hypertrophy in pediatric patients was demonstrated to cause no dysfunction in microvascular circulation and carried no cardiovascular risk in the early period.

Vit D deficiency is a possible risk factor in ARS.

Vitamin D deficiency is effective in the development of acute rhinosinusitis and prolongation of inflammation by increasing inflammation in the sinonasal epithelium. Vitamin D deficiency is important in the development of bone barriers that prevent the complication of acute rhinosinusitis. Although Vitamin D levels may be a variable risk factor for various respiratory tract disorders, there are limited data on the role in sinonasal infections. Our aim was to investigate the association of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD) levels with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) and preseptal cellulitis complications. The type of the study is prospective case-control study. Fifteen patients in the pediatric age group with ARS-induced preseptal cellulitis complication were identified as Group 1, fifteen patients with ARS and without complication were identified as Group 2, and fifteen healthy volunteers were identified as Group 3. Serum 25OHD levels (nmol/l) were measured in addition to routine blood tests at the first admission of patients participating in the study. Statistical analysis was performed between groups. The ages of the cases ranged from 1 to 14 years with a mean of 5.62 ± 3.42 years. 55.6% of the cases (n = 25) were male; 44.4% (n = 20) were female children. As a result of classification in which vitamin D levels were compared with normal values, there was a statistically significant difference according to the presence of ARS (Group-1 and Group 2) and absence of ARS (Group-3) (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was also found between Group 1 and Group-3 (p < 0.05). Statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 3 suggests that lack of vitamin D predisposes to the complication of preseptal cellulitis. Comparison of Group 1 and 2 with Group 3 (normal subjects) suggests that Vit D has a protective effect against developing sinusitis.

Is submucosal fat injection effective in atrophic rhinitis? An experimental animal study.

Atrophic rhinitis (AR) is a disease characterized by the extensive dilatation of the nasal cavity and atrophy of the mucosa, submucosa and bone tissue. Its etiological factors are unknown. There is not a satisfying treatment yet and the treatment of the functional impairment in the atrophic cells is still subject to investigation. The objective of this study is to determine at the histopathological level the possible effects of the submucosal fat injection in an experimental model of AR. 12 albino Wistar-Hannover male rats were included in the study. AR was induced with the Pasteurella multocida toxin, which was diluted with saline. As one of the rats died during the study, it was excluded from the evaluation. The right nasal cavities of all rats (11 nasal cavities) were defined as the control group (Group 1). Fat tissue obtained from the abdominal area was injected in the seven left nasal cavities (Group 2). All injections, which were done to the abdominal regions were also done in the left nasal cavities of the remaining four rats, which constituted the sham group (Group 3). After 14 days, all rats were decapitated and the squamous metaplasia and keratinization in the superficial epithelium, degeneration, vacuolar changes in the basal layer, congestion, inflammatory infiltration, vascular proliferation and glandular atrophy in the submucosa are histopathologically classified. The results were analyzed with statistical methods. Although glandular atrophy was significantly regressed in the fat injection group (Group 2) compared to other groups (p < 0.05), the remaining parameters did not show any significant difference among these three groups. The histopathological effect of the fat injection was modest. We concluded that fat injection treatment has no or at the most a very limited effect in the treatment of atrophic rhinitis.

Retropharyngeal Abscess Presenting With Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Retropharyngeal abscess (RPA) is the second most common deep neck space infection after peritonsiller abscess in pediatric population. Major signs and symptoms on physical examination include fever, hypersalivation, odynophagia, reduced oral intake, sore throat, swelling on the neck, torticollis, limitation in neck mobility, and voice changes. In this paper, the authors present a case of RPA with unusual and interesting presenting symptoms in a 10-month-old infant that exhibit new-onset and worsening snoring and sleep apnea. The purposes of this manuscript are to present the authors' experience with this patient, to emphasize the diagnosis, clinical course, and management of RPA in infants, also to signify the importance of including RPA in the differential diagnosis of patients with sleep apnea syndrome.

The Predictive Value of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio for the Effusion Viscosity in Otitis Media With Chronic Effusion.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the authors' study was to investigate the predictive value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte rate (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte rate (PLR) in otitis media with effusion and the correlation of the effusion type with these ratios. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. METHODS: One hundred twenty-six pediatric patients diagnosed otitis media with chronic effusion and had ventilation tube inserted between October 2015 and July 2016 were included in the study group and 124 healthy children, who applied for the routine examination and had blood count analysis, were included in the control group. The patients in the study group were divided into 2 groups regarding the effusion viscosity, which was obtained from the patients' operation files. Seventy-one patients were included in the serous group and 55 patients in the mucous group. The NLR and PLR rates of the groups were compared and statistically evaluated. RESULTS: The average NLR and PLR rates were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P = 0.000, P = 0.004 respectively). Comparison of the serous and mucous groups with the control group revealed a significant difference between the control group and the serous group regarding the NLR and PLR (P = 0.000; P = 0.000 respectively), but not between the control group and mucous group (P = 0.694; P = 0.691 respectively). CONCLUSION: Neutrophil-lymphocyte rate and PLR had a predictive value for otitis media with effusion and additionally it was a laboratory indicator supporting the typing of the viscosity of the fluid accumulated in the middle ear.

Effects of ozone (O3) therapy on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of rectal ozone and intratympanic ozone therapy on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats. Eighteen female Wistar albino rats were included in our study. External auditory canal and tympanic membrane examinations were normal in all rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups. Initially, all the rats were tested with distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), and emissions were measured normally. All rats were injected with 5-mg/kg/day cisplatin for 3 days intraperitoneally. Ototoxicy had developed in all rats, as confirmed with DPOAE after 1 week. Rectal and intratympanic ozone therapy group was Group 1. No treatment was administered for the rats in Group 2 as the control group. The rats in Group 3 were treated with rectal ozone. All the rats were tested with DPOAE under general anesthesia, and all were sacrificed for pathological examination 1 week after ozone administration. Their cochleas were removed. The outer hair cell damage and stria vascularis damage were examined. In the statistical analysis conducted, a statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 was observed in all frequencies according to the DPOAE test. In addition, between Group 2 and Group 3, a statistically significant difference was observed in the DPOAE test. However, a statistically significant difference was not observed between Group 1 and Group 3 according to the DPOAE test. According to histopathological scoring, the outer hair cell damage score was statistically significantly high in Group 2 compared with Group 1. In addition, the outer hair cell damage score was also statistically significantly high in Group 2 compared with Group 3. Outer hair cell damage scores were low in Group 1 and Group 3, but there was no statistically significant difference between these groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of stria vascularis damage score examinations. Systemic ozone gas therapy is effective in the treatment of cell damage in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. The intratympanic administration of ozone gas does not have any additional advantage over the rectal administration.

Acute Palatal Perforation and Peroperative Repair Method During Septoplasty Operation.

Septoplasty is a frequent and relatively low-risk procedure in otolaryngology practice. Palatal perforation complication is very rare in the literature and only a few patients have been reported. In this clinical report, a patient with palatal perforation that has been developed and noticed during the septoplasty operation with no anatomical abnormality and alternative repair method are reported with video of the procedure.

Comparison of topical treatment methods used in recurrent anterior epistaxis: a randomized clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent epistaxis is a common medical problem faced by ENT specialists, emergency physicians, and pediatricians. The facts that many treatment modalities are being searched and no single treatment method is universally accepted yet support this information. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of topical antiseptic ointment, topical decongestant ointment and chemical cauterization treatments, which are frequently used in recurrent anterior epistaxis, both singly and in combination. MATERIAL-METHODS: Between August 2017 and February 2018, 137 patients who were diagnosed with recurrent anterior epistaxis were randomly divided into 5 groups. group I received topical antiseptic ointment, group II received topical decongestant ointment, group III received chemical cauterization, group IV received topical antiseptic ointment + chemical cauterization and group V received topical decongestant ointment + chemical cauterization treatment. All patients were phoned 2 weeks and 1 month after the treatment and questioned about the presence (failure) or absence (success) of at least 1 episode of epistaxis. Patients with comorbid diseases were excluded. Treatment success was statistically analysed. RESULTS: There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the groups in the success rate at 15th day after treatment. Group IV and group V had higher success rates at 30th day after treatment compared with group I and group II (p < 0.05). In group III 30th day treatment success was not different from the other 4 groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although the number of patients who improved with chemical cauterization (group III) was higher in our study, no significant difference was observed in single treatment modalities (group I‒III) at 14th day and 30th day after treatment. Although no statistically significant difference was observed between combined treatments (group IVV) and single treatments (group I‒III) in the 2nd week after treatment, combined treatments were significantly more effective in the 1st month.

Topography of the lesion in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

INTRODUCTION: Etiology of ISSNHL includes cessation of vascular perfusion, viral infection and cochlear membrane injury. Precise location of injury should be defined for a target-oriented treatment. Vestibular complaints in ISSNHL are hypothesized as involvement of vestibule. Vestibular complaints can be either due to involvement of inner ear or neural tract at any level. OBJECTIVES: In the present study we aimed to demonstrate involvement of vestibular organs in the absence of vestibular symptoms. It was aimed to evaluate superior and inferior vestibular neural pathways. METHODS: c-vemp and o-vemp were applied to patients suffering ISSNHL without vertigo. Pure tone averages, audiogram configurations, degree of hearing loss were analyzed. Latencies of P1 and N1 waves, amplitudes of P1-N1 waves were evaluated. Asymmetrical vemp wave patterns were compared between two ears regarding difference of PTA. RESULTS: Latencies of c-vemp waves were longer and amplitudes were smaller. o-vemp parameters were similar on both sides. Positive correlation was observed between c-vemp latencies and degree hearing loss. CONCLUSION: Inferior vestibular nerve pathway is affected in the absence of vertigo in ISSNHL with spared superior vestibular nerve pathway. Damage in IVN pathway correlates with degree of ISSNHL.

Infected Concha Bullosa with Fungus.

INTRODUCTION: Concha bullosa is the most common variation of the middle turbinate of the paranasal sinuses. When it causes nasal obstruction, osteomeatal unit dysfunction, or rarely chronic infection, surgery is required. CASE REPORT: We present a fungal infection of concha bullosa, which is a rare indication for surgery of the concha bullosa. A 59-year-old female patient presented with hemifacial pain on the right side, which had lasted for 2 months. There were no pathological findings in her endoscopic nasal examination. Advanced examination by paranasal computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral concha bullosa variation and soft tissue density in the right concha bullosa. As the biopsy taken from concha bullosa demonstrated fungal hyphae, endoscopic surgical treatment was performed. CONCLUSION: We stress the importance of the CT in hemifacial pain by this rare case report, in which endoscopic nasal examination was normal. Fungal infection in the concha bullosa is rare, and infected concha bullosa is a pathology to be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with complaints of hemicranial headache.

Is Ozone (O3) Treatment Effective in Atrophic Rhinitis? Experimental Animal Study.

INTRODUCTION: Atrophic rhinitis (AR) is a disease characterized by atrophy of the mucosa, submucosa, bone tissue due to an unknown cause and excessive nasal cavity enlargement. The disease still has no complete treatment, and the treatment of the functional loss of atrophic cells in AR is still a matter to be investigated. Ozone (O3) therapy has been shown to enhance cell metabolism, angiogenesis, fibroblast activity, and collagen synthesis. AIM: To determine whether ozone treatment affects the disease histopathologically, in experimentally created AR. Material - Method: Twelve Wistar Hanover strain albino male rats were included in the study. Atrophic rhinitis was induced in animals by administering Pasteurella multocida toxin diluted with saline for 21 days to both nasal cavities. A total of 12 animals included in the study were divided into 2 groups as control and study. Ozone gas (60 µg/mL) was administered rectally to the study group for 21 days. After 2 weeks, the rats were decapitated, the nasal cavities were removed as a block, and atrophic rhinitis parameters (epithelial hyperplasia, goblet cell loss, cilia loss, inflammatory infiltration, and vascular ectasia) were evaluated under light microscopy by histopathological examination and statistically interpreted. RESULT: The incidence of vascular ectasia was significantly lower in the ozone group compared to the control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding other histopathologic findings. CONCLUSION: Ozone treatment was moderate at the histopathological level. We concluded that ozone therapy has no or very limited effect on atrophic rhinitis.

Is corticosteroid a treatment choice for the management of peritonsillar abscess?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the single systemic use of corticosteroid following drainage procedure in patients with peritonsillar abscess (PTA). METHODS: This retrospective case-control trial included 32 patients with the diagnosis of PTA between December 2013 and January 2016 in our clinic. Patients were divided into two groups based on the approaches of two authors for the treatment after PTA drainage. The study group included the patients treated with single dose systemic corticosteroid after PTA drainage. Other patients who had no corticosteroid treatment were in the control group. Two groups were compared based on time to oral intake, grade of trismus, pain severity and duration of hospitalization. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between two groups were observed in terms of time to oral intake, grade of trismus, pain severity and length of hospitalization. The degree of trismus and pain severity significantly decreased in study group comparing to control group at the end of the first day. This difference disappeared at Day 7. Time to oral intake and the duration of hospitalization were shorter in the study group than in control group. CONCLUSION: Corticosteroid treatment following drainage procedure in patients with peritonsillar abscess improves pain severity and trismus thus it decreases time to oral intake and duration of hospitalization.

A Rare Cause of Intranasal Mass: Bilateral Ectopic Nasal Teeth.

INTRODUCTION: Ectopic teeth occur in a wide variety of sites, including the maxillary sinus, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, orbital, and nasal cavities. Reported symptoms and signs associated with nasal teeth include facial pain, external nasal deformities, foul-smelling rhinorrhea, recurrent epistaxis, and oronasal fistula. Ectopic teeth occurring bilaterally in the nasal cavity is very very rare. CASE REPORT: A bilateral intranasal ectopic teeth case, which is asymptomatic on the right side and symptomatic on the left side, is presented. The tooth on left side was extracted endoscopically. There were no complications. CONCLUSION: Extraction of an intranasal tooth under endoscopic guidance is an adequate treatment. If the ectopic intranasal tooth is asymptomatic, clinicians should follow with clinical examination and radiological imaging.

Comparação de métodos de tratamento tópico utilizados na epistaxe anterior recorrente: ensaio clínico randomizado / Comparison of topical treatment methods used in recurrent anterior epistaxis: a randomized clinical trial

Resumo Introdução: A epistaxe recorrente é uma doença comumente vista por especialistas em otorrinolaringologia, médicos de emergência e pediatras. O fato de que muitas modalidades de tratamento estejam sendo pesquisadas e nenhum método único de tratamento seja universalmente aceito apoiam ainda mais essa informação. Objetivo: Comparar a eficácia clínica do uso de pomada antisséptica tópica, pomada descongestionante tópica e tratamentos de cauterização química, que são frequentemente usados em epistaxe anterior recorrente, tanto isoladamente como em combinação. Método: Entre agosto de 2017 e fevereiro de 2018, 137 pacientes diagnosticados com epistaxe anterior recorrente foram divididos aleatoriamente em 5 grupos. O grupo I foi tratado com pomada antisséptica tópica, o grupo II com pomada descongestionante tópica, o grupo III foi submetido a cauterização química, o grupo IV foi tratado com pomada antisséptica tópica + cauterização química e o grupo V com pomada descongestionante tópica + tratamento de cauterização química. Todos os pacientes foram contatados por telefone 2 semanas e um mês após o tratamento e perguntados sobre a presença (falha) ou ausência (sucesso) de pelo menos um episódio de epistaxe. Pacientes com comorbidades foram excluídos. O sucesso do tratamento foi analisado estatisticamente. Resultados: Não houve diferença significante (p > 0,05) entre os grupos em relação à taxa de sucesso no 15° dia após o tratamento. Os grupos IV e V tiveram maiores taxas de sucesso no 30° dia após o tratamento em comparação com os grupo I e II (p < 0,05). No grupo III, o sucesso do tratamento no 30° dia não foi diferente dos outros 4 grupos (p > 0,05). Conclusão: Embora o número de pacientes que melhoraram com a cauterização química (grupo III) tenha sido maior em nosso estudo, nenhuma diferença significante foi observada nas modalidades de tratamento único (grupos I - III) no 14° dia e no 30° dia após o tratamento. Embora não tenha sido observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os tratamentos combinados (grupos IV - V) e os tratamentos simples (grupos I - III) na 2ª semana após o tratamento, os tratamentos combinados foram significantemente mais eficazes no 1° mês.

Assessment of inferior turbinate radiofrequency treatment: Monopolar versus bipolar.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the early results of monopolar (MP) and bipolar (BP) radiofrequency (RF) used in inferior turbinate hypertrophy treatment concerning aspects of patient and surgeon comfort. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized single-blind study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 71 patients with inferior turbinate hypertrophy resistant to medical treatment. BP RF was applied to 36 patients. MP RF was applied to 35 patients. Patients received no other treatment during their 6 months of follow-up examinations. They were evaluated by their symptoms (nasal obstruction severity, nasal obstruction frequency, postnasal drip, nasal crusting, hyposmia, patient satisfaction, and preoperative pain) with a visual analogue scale (VAS) done preoperatively on the 1st and 7th days and then in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months postoperatively. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed comparing the symptoms of patients after BP and MP inferior turbinate RF in long-term follow-up, whereas patients treated with MP RF showed early improvement in their symptoms on the 1st and 7th days postoperatively when compared to the BP group. The application time of MP RF was longer than that of the BP group. Pain during the operation was reported more frequently in the BP group. CONCLUSION: MP and BP RF treatment showed no difference in long-term efficacy. However, MP RF therapy showed early improvement in symptoms and less pain in patients than in the BP RF group.

Comparative assessment of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency surgery of inferior turbinate.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare early outcomes of monopolar (MP) and bipolar (BP) radiofrequency (RF) treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy from the perspective of both the patient and the surgeon. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, single-blind study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-one patients with inferior turbinate hypertrophy resistant to medical treatment. BP RF was used in 36 patients and MP RF in 35 patients, respectively. Patients received no other treatment during a 6-month follow-up. They were evaluated for symptoms such as nasal obstruction severity, nasal obstruction frequency, postnasal drip, nasal crusting, hyposmia, patient satisfaction, and preoperative pain with the use of a visual analogue scale (VAS) before surgery and then 1 and 7 days as well as 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed regarding symptoms of patients after BP and MP inferior turbinate RF surgery in a long-term follow-up. Patients treated with MP RF showed early symptom improvement on days 1 and 7 days after surgery compared to the BP group. Procedure duration of MP RF was longer than that of BP RF. Pain during surgery was reported more frequently in the BP group. CONCLUSION: MP and BP RF treatment showed no difference in long-term efficacy. However, MP RF therapy was associated with early symptom improvement and less pain reported by patients in comparison to the BP RF group.

Is the Monocyte/HDL Ratio a Prognostic Marker of Idiopathic Sudden Hearing Loss?

OBJECTIVE: In this study, our aim was to investigate whether Monocyte/HDL ratio is a marker of the prognosis of the idiopathic sudden hearing loss (ISHL). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, case-control clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 45 patients, who were diagnosed with idiopathic sudden hearing loss and were treated with the same therapy regime and 47 healthy volunteers, who applied to the hospital for routine controls and had audiological and laboratory examination between March 2014 and December 2015, were included in the study. Monocyte/HDL ratios of the patients in the study and control groups were calculated from the results of the blood counts and biochemical analysis. Additionally, the study group was divided into two sub-groups regarding their responses (responders and non-responders) to the treatment determined by the audiological examination, which was carried out after 3 months according to the Siegel criteria. The Monocyte/HDL ratios between the groups were statistically evaluated. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the MHRs of the study and control groups (p=0.574). However, the MHR was significantly higher in the non-responders? group compared with the responders? group, although they were treated with the same therapy regimen (p=0.005). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in MHRs between study and control groups. However, as MHR was higher in the patients with good prognosis compared with the patients with bad prognosis, we believe that regarding the ISHL, MHR is not a predictive value but might have prognostic marker.

Is ventilation tube insertion necessary in children with otitis media with effusion?

OBJECTIVES: To compare audiological outcomes of ventilation tube insertion(VTI) and myringotomy alone in association with adenoidectomy in patient with otitis media with effusion(OME). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical chart review. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In total, 148 patients (78 male, 70 female; average age of 6,02 ± 1,98 years, range 4 to 7 years) who had been underwent adenoidectomy in association with VTI or myringotomy alone in our clinic were included in this study. Demographics and audiological outcomes were collected. The patients were divided randomly into two groups, group A (72) were subjected to adenoidectomy with VTI and group B (76) were subjected to adenoidectomy with myringotomy. Audiological outcomes comparing the both groups at six months also continued to patients follow up to one year after surgery. Results with a p-value <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean pure tone hearing threshold preoperatively in group A was 28.68 ± 11.72 dB, while it was 24.25 ± 12.68 dB in group B. At postoperative six months, the means in group A were 8.4 ± 2,32 dB, while the means were 10,4 ± 3,36 dB in group B. Statistical analysis showed statistically significant difference between the means of pure tone hearing thresholds in both groups during the whole follow up period (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest audiological outcomes of VTI was higher compared with myringotomy alone in association with adenoidectomy. However, further studies with a higher number of patients are needed to compare the audiological outcomes of various ventilation tubes types.