The evolution of oncology nursing: Leading the path to change.

The roles and responsibilities of oncology nurses have rapidly transformed over the past century from general nurses providing bedside comfort care with few technological advances to advanced practice oncology nurses responsible for everything from performing invasive procedures to diagnostic interpretation and screening for cancer prevention. As cancer care continues to evolve, nurses will play a key role in the field of oncology, whether as specialized oncology nurses providing clinical care or as nurse researchers spearheading groundbreaking oncology research.

Academic Difficulty and Vision Symptoms in Children with Concussion.

PURPOSE: Academic difficulty is reported in children with prolonged post-concussive symptoms. Despite growing evidence that vestibular-ocular and vision-specific dysfunction are common in children after concussion, vision is rarely mentioned in return-to-learn protocols. The purpose of this project was to evaluate a cohort of children with prolonged post-concussive symptoms to determine if vision symptoms are associated with those reporting academic difficulty. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Children's of Alabama Concussion Clinic REDCap dataset from the period January 2007 to October 2013. From this dataset of 1033 concussion events, a cohort of 276 children aged 5 to 18 years with three or more concussion-related symptoms present for 10 days or more was identified. A cross-sectional cohort study was undertaken to evaluate the association of concussion symptoms, SCAT2 scores, and demographic and concussion severity markers to reported educational difficulty among children with prolonged post-concussive symptoms. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression techniques were used to model the association of reported educational difficulty to self-reported vision abnormalities. RESULTS: Mean age was 13.8 years. Median time since the concussive event was 21 days, with 33% (95/276) reporting their concussion more than 30 days before data collection. Academic difficulty was reported by 29% (79/270) and vision abnormalities in 46% (128/274). After model reduction, vision symptoms (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.02, 4.62), hearing disturbance (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.06, 5.36), and concentration difficulty (OR 21.62, 95% CI 9.50, 44.47) remained associated with academic difficulty. For those with symptoms 30 days or more after concussion, only vision (OR 3.15, 95% CI 1.06, 9.38) and concentration difficulty (OR 15.33, 95% CI 4.99, 47.05) remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Vision problems were commonly reported in children with concussions and were independently associated with those reporting academic difficulty. Comprehensive vision assessment should be considered in children reporting academic difficulty and in the development of return-to-learn protocols.

How and Why Diets Change Post-Migration: A Qualitative Exploration of Dietary Acculturation among Recent Chinese Immigrants in Australia.

Chinese immigrants living in Western countries are at increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Dietary acculturation has been implicated as a potential contributor, but little is known about why diets change post-migration. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to explore how and why diets change post-migration for Chinese immigrants living in Australia. Eleven participants undertook semi-structured interviews exploring and comparing their diets when they lived in China to their post-migration diets. Thematic analysis revealed that participants exhibited changed social structures of meal preparation, and made unacknowledged dietary changes, such as recipe modification, to maintain their traditional Chinese diet post-migration. Implications of both deliberate and unrecognized dietary changes post-migration include connections to increased risk for metabolic disease post-migration.

Assessment of Dietary Acculturation in East Asian Populations: A Scoping Review.

East Asian immigrants face multiple challenges upon arrival in their destination country, including an increased risk of future diabetes and cardiovascular disease development. The adoption of food and eating patterns of their host country (i.e., dietary acculturation) may contribute to this increased disease risk. To effectively examine the dietary acculturation-disease risk relationship in East Asian immigrants, sensitive tools are necessary; however, there has been no systematic review of the methods used to assess dietary acculturation in this population. A systematic scoping review of the literature was undertaken to address this gap. A systematic search was conducted in December 2019 and returned a total of 6140 papers. Manuscripts were screened independently by 2 reviewers, resulting in the final inclusion of 30 papers reporting on 27 studies. Robust measures of dietary acculturation were lacking, with only 6 studies using validated tools. Most studies used self-reported cross-sectional surveys to determine how the individual's diet had changed since immigrating, with responses provided on Likert scales. Only 3 quantitative longitudinal studies used prospective measures of diet change, through serial food-frequency questionnaires. Qualitative studies explored dietary acculturation and factors influencing change in diet through semi-structured interviews and focus groups.  This review found there is no consensus in the literature on how to most effectively measure the magnitude and process of dietary acculturation in East Asian populations. There is a need for robust, longitudinal, and mixed-method study designs to address the lack of evidence and develop more comprehensive tools measuring dietary acculturation. Improving the assessment methods used to measure dietary acculturation is critical in helping to monitor the impact of interventions or policies aimed at reducing diet-related disease risk in East Asian immigrant populations.