Demineralizing potential of dental biofilm added with Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis isolated from preschool children with and without caries.

This study aimed to investigate the demineralizing potential of dental biofilm added of Candida albicans (CA) and Candida parapsilosis (CP), isolated from preschoolers with and without caries. Bovine enamel blocks (n = 48), with initial hardness = 341.50 ± 21,83 kg/mm2 were fixed in 24 well plates containing culture media. A pool of children saliva (PHS) was the inoculum for biofilm formation in the presence or absence of isolated CA or CP in accordance with each group (G n = 8): G1 - PHS; G2 - PHS + CA isolated from children with caries; G3 - PHS + CP isolated from children with caries; G4 - PHS + CA isolated from children without caries; G5 - PHS + CP isolated from children without caries; and G6 - blank control. The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 5 days, with daily changes of culture media. The microhardness loss percentage (MHL%) of the blocks was calculated, taking in account the hardness values before and after the experiment. Dental biofilm became more cariogenic, independently of the isolated Candida species. The highest MHL% was observed in G4 (85.90 ± 8.72%) and G5 (86.13 ± 6.74%) compared to the others (p < 0.001): G1 (34.30 ± 14,30%) < G2 (59.40 ± 10.56%) and G3 (65.80 ± 6.36%) < G6 (13.68 ± 4.86%) (p < 0.001). C. albicans and C. parapsilosis isolates induced the demineralization of the dental enamel.

Influence of Caregiver's Sociodemographic Background on the Oral Health Status and Care of HIV-infected Children.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics of caregivers and the oral health of their children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) compared to a group of HIV-children and their caregivers. METHODS: One hundred forty HIV+ and 140 healthy two- to five-year-old children and their caregivers who sought care at hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, participated. Caregivers were interviewed for sociodemographic characteristics, and knowledge and attitudes regarding oral health. The decayed, missing and filled primary teeth (dmft) index was obtained for the children. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used (five percent significance level). Content analysis method was used for qualitative evaluation. RESULTS: Most interviewees were mothers (83.6 percent), did no work outside the home (69.3 percent), had low educational status (47.1 percent), and were born in the South/Southeast regions of Brazil (83.6 percent). The mean dmft was 3.48±3.14 for the HIV+ group and 1.02±1.00 for the healthy children. Oral care was reported as important by 54.1 percent of the caregivers. Those who didn't consider oral care important had never received information about oral health (P<0.01). Caregivers born in the North/Northeast regions took their children to the dentist less frequently than mothers born in other areas (P=0.02). Low educational status influenced the attitudes about oral health (P<0.01), irregular dental visits for the children (P<0.01), and the dmft index (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Caregivers' low educational status and birthplace influenced the importance given to HIV+ children's oral health as well as the oral health knowledge and practices for both HIV+ and healthy children.

Multidisciplinary conservative management of dental fracture in young patient: case report

The management of fractured permanent teeth due to dental trauma in young patients is a challenge that requires an efficient approach. Objective: Describe a conservative and multidisciplinary treatment of a case of dental trauma in a 13 years-old boy. Case report: At clinical examination was verified enamel and dentin fracture in the left upper central incisor and a fracture with pulp exposure in the right upper lateral incisor, with subgingival extension of its margin at lingual surface, and no swelling or tooth displacement was observed. At radiographic evaluation, no pulp or periradicular disturbances were verified. It was proposed the surgical lengthening of the clinical crown of the right upper lateral incisor for later performing endodontic treatment. It was decided to make direct composite resin restorations in both fractured teeth, instead of doing a prosthetic treatment in the affected lateral incisor, such as the placement of a full ceramic crown, in an attempt to perform a less invasive treatment, mainly due to the age of the patient. At a two years follow-up visit was observed the maintenance of the health of periapical tissues and the absence of clinical alterations. Conclusion: The restorations were kept in good conditions and aesthetics was considered satisfactory by professionals, patient and parents.

Introdução: O manejo de dentes permanentes fraturados por traumatismo dentário em pacientes jovens é desafiador e requer uma abordagem eficiente. Objetivo: Descrever o tratamento conservador e multidisciplinar em um caso de traumatismo dentário de um menino de 13 anos de idade. Relato do caso: Ao exame clínico foi verificada uma fratura de esmalte e dentina no incisivo central superior esquerdo e uma fratura complicada no incisivo lateral superior direito, com extensão subgengival da margem na face palatina, e não foram observados edema ou deslocamento dentário. Ao exame radiográfico, não foram verificadas alterações pulpares ou perirradiculares. Foi proposta realização de aumento da coroa clínica do incisivo lateral superior direito para posterior realização do tratamento endodôntico. Para os dois dentes traumatizados foi proposta a realização de restauração direta com resina composta, proporcionando um tratamento menos invasivo ao incisivo lateral superior direito, ao invés de submetê-lo a um tratamento protético, como a colocação de uma coroa total cerâmica, principalmente devido à pouca idade do paciente. Na visita de dois anos de acompanhamento, observou-se a manutenção da saúde dos tecidos periapicais e ausência de alterações clínicas. Conclusão: As restaurações se mantiveram em boas condições e a estética foi considerada satisfatória pelos profissionais, paciente e pais.

Transient functional crossbite and lip biting caued by eruption of the first permanent molar: a case report

Introduction: Tooth eruption is a physiological phenomenon that typically causes local changes. Objective: The aim of this paper is to report an unusual functional crossbite and lip biting caused by eruption of the first permanent molar. Case report: A 5-year-old female sought dental treatment with the chief complaint of pain in the posterior region. At the clinical examination, swelling, accumulation of biofilm, local ulceration and severe traumatic tissue inflammation due to eruption of the first permanent lower left molar were observed. Furthermore, functional unilateral crossbite and lip biting were observed. Local hygiene associated with chlorhexidine 0.12% and topical analgesic/anti-inflammatory ointment (Triamcinolone Acetonide) were prescribed for 10 and 7 days, respectively. At 1-month follow up, resolution of local inflammation was observed as well as spontaneous correction of the crossbite and lip biting. Conclusion: Since functional occlusal deviations can be caused by tooth eruption, it is important that dentists are able to diagnose and treat this condition.

Introdução: A erupção dentária é um fenômeno fisiológico que costuma causar alterações locais. Objetivo: Relatar um caso incomum de mordida cruzada transitória e mordedura de lábio causadas pela erupção do primeiro molar permanente. Relato do caso: Uma garota de 5 anos buscou tratamento odontológico com a queixa principal de dor em região posterior inferior. No exame clínico, foram observados edema, acúmulo de biofilme, ulceração local e inflamação por trauma do tecido devido à erupção do primeiro molar permanente inferior esquerdo. Além disso, foram observadas mordida cruzada unilateral funcional e mordedura de lábio. Foi prescrita clorexidina a 0,12% e pomada analgésica/antiinflamatória (Triancinolona Acetonida) tópica por 10 e 7 dias, respectivamente, associada à higiene local na área afetada. No acompanhamento de 1 mês, observou-se a resolução da inflamação local, bem como a correção espontânea da mordida cruzada e da mordedura do lábio. Conclusão: Uma vez que os desvios oclusais funcionais podem ser causados pela erupção dentária, é importante que os profissionais saibam diagnosticar e tratar corretamente esta condição.