ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The dental care must be driven by preventive and curative measures that can contribute to the population's oral health promotion. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the actions proposed by a comprehensive dental care protocol (CDCP) on the oral health condition of primary care users. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 32 volunteers, assisted throughout the six phases proposed by the CDCP: diagnosis of dental needs; resolution of urgencies; restorative interventions; application of promotional measures; evaluation of the achieved health level; and periodic controls. Data were collected through clinical exams, which measured the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) Index, before and after the CDCP was implemented. Statistical analysis consisted of the Wilcoxon test, at 5% significance level (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The OHI-S and GBI indices showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) from the initial (1.4 ± 0.6 and 46.3 ± 19.9) to final condition (0.9 ± 0.3 and 21.5 ± 7.5). The decayed, missing and filled teeth and the missing teeth component were not significantly altered (p > 0.05), showing final values equal to 12.7 ± 9.6 and 5.6 ± 7.8, respectively. Decayed elements were fully converted into filled elements, and the final values of the decayed and filled elements were, respectively, 0.0 ± 0.0 and 7.3 ± 5.7 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The enactment of the CDCP had a beneficial effect on the oral health of the population assisted by the dental services offered in primary care and this protocol seems to ft the public dental service demands. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The CDCP can be useful to public dental service planning since it showed an efficient clinical outcome to the patients. We consider that this protocol should be employed in primary care oral health services in order to achieve overall upgrade, access enlargement and public oral health promotion.
Subject(s)
Comprehensive Dental Care , Oral Health , Patient Care Planning , Primary Health Care , Controlled Before-After Studies , DMF Index , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Female , Health Education, Dental , Health Promotion , Health Services Accessibility , Health Services Research , Health Status , Humans , Male , Needs Assessment , Oral Hygiene Index , Patient Outcome Assessment , Periodontal IndexABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with malocclusions in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: The study included 134 subjects with CP aged 2-18 years enrolled in six rehabilitation institutions and their caregivers, which provided demographic, systemic, and behavioral data. A calibrated researcher held oral examinations with record of the following malocclusion indexes, DAI and DMFT. Poisson regression analysis was used (α < 0.05). RESULTS: About 85.8% (n = 115) of patients had malocclusion. In deciduous and mixed dentition (n = 99), increased overjet (75.8%), open bite (51.5%), posterior cross bite (19.2%), and anterior cross bite (3.0%) were identified. Increased overjet was associated with the age group of 2-5 years and mild communication impairment. Anterior open bite was more common in children who underwent tongue interposition, lip interposition, and pacifier sucking. Communication skills, mouth breathing, and tongue interposition were associated with posterior cross bite. Severe malocclusions (DAI > 30) were observed in 88.6% of patients with permanent dentition (n = 35) and were associated with liquid diet consistency and finger sucking. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with CP was high and associated with demographic, behavioral, and systemic factors.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO Introdução: No Brasil, uma lista contendo 71 ervas medicinais foi divulgada pelo Ministério da Saúde com intuito de conduzir pesquisas e desenvolvimento de fitoterápicos para uso no Sistema Único de Saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar in vitro a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de ervas medicinais sugeridos pelo Ministério da Saúde para utilização no Sistema Único de Saúde frente a bactérias orais. Métodos: Os extratos vegetais selecionados estavam na forma de óleo essencial (Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita e Schinus terebinthifolius) ou tintura (Erythrina mulungu, Casearia sylvestris e Maytenus ilicifolia) e foram avaliados sobre Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), S. oralis (ATCC 10557) e S. salivarius (ATCC 7073). Realizou-se o teste de difusão em ágar com confecção de poços e adição de 50 µL dos extratos. Após 48 h em estufa bacteriológica, os halos de inibição foram medidos através de paquímetro. Para determinação da concentração inibitória mínima e da concentração bactericida mínima, realizou-se a técnica de microdiluição em microplacas e de esgotamento, respectivamente. A concentração inibitória mínima correspondeu a menor diluição na qual se verificou ausência de crescimento bacteriano visível. O controle positivo utilizado foi Clorexidina 0,12 porcento. Todos os testes foram realizados em triplicata e analisados descritivamente. Resultados: O extrato de Maytenus ilicifolia apresentou halos de inibição discretamente maiores aos demais produtos. Erythrina mulungu apresentou a menor da concentração inibitória mínima frente S. mutans (2,81 mg/mL) entre as tinturas e Mentha piperita (9,00), entre os óleos essenciais. Erythrina mulungu e Mentha piperita foram os únicos extratos que apresentaram concentração bactericida mínima frente às cepas utilizadas. Conclusão: Os extratos vegetais apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana frente a microrganismos orais destacando Mentha piperita e Erythrina mulungu(AU)
RESUMEN Introducción: En Brasil, una lista de 71 hierbas medicinales fue divulgada por el Ministerio de Salud con la meta de llevar a cabo la investigación y desarrollo de medicinas basadas en hierbas para su uso en el Sistema Único de Salud. Objetivo: Evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro de extractos de hierbas medicinales sugeridas por el Ministerio de Salud para su uso en el Sistema Único de Salud contra las bacterias bucales. Métodos: Los extractos de plantas seleccionadas fueron en forma de aceite essencial (Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita e Schinus terebinthifolius) o tintura (Erythrina mulungu, Casearia sylvestris e Maytenus ilicifolia) y se evaluaron en Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), S. oralis (ATCC 10557) y S. salivarius (ATCC 7073). Se llevó a cabo la prueba de difusión en agar con la producción de los pozos y la adición de 50 µL de extractos. Después de 48 h en una incubadora bacteriológica, los halos de inhibición se midieron usando calibradores. Para determinar la concentración inhibitoria mínima y la concentración bactericida mínima, se empleó la técnica de microdilución en microplaca y el agotamiento, respectivamente. La concentración inhibitoria mínima correspondió a la dilución más baja en la que no hubo ningún crecimiento bacteriano visible. El control positivo usado fue de clorhexidina 0,12 por ciento. Todas las pruebas se realizaron por triplicado y se analizaron de manera descriptiva. Resultados: Los extractos de Maytenus ilicifolia presentaron los halos de inhibición ligeramente superior a otros productos. Erythrina mulungu mostró la más baja concentración inhibitoria mínima frente a S. mutans (2,81 mg/mL) entre lãs tinturas y Mentha piperita (9,00) entre los aceites esenciales. Los extractos de Erythrina y Mentha piperita fueron los únicos que mostraron concentración bactericida mínima frente a las cepas utilizadas. Conclusiones: Los extractos de plantas mostraron actividad antimicrobiana contra microorganismos bucales, entre los que se destacan Mentha piperita y Erythrina mulungu(AU)
ABSTRACT Introduction: A list of 71 medicinal herbs has been published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health with the purpose of studying and developing medicines obtained from herbs for their potential use in the Unified Health System. Objective: Evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from medicinal herbs proposed by the Ministry of Health with a view to their possible use in the Unified Health System to combat oral bacteria. Methods: Extracts were obtained from the plants selected in the form of essential oil (Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita and Schinus terebinthifolius) or tincture (Erythrina mulungu, Casearia sylvestris and Maytenus ilicifolia), and were tested against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), S. oralis (ATCC 10557) and S. salivarius (ATCC 7073). The agar diffusion test was performed by making wells and adding 50 µL of the extracts. After 48 h in a bacteriological incubator, the inhibition haloes were measured with calipers. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by microplate microdilution and depletion technique, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration corresponded to the lowest dilution, at which there was no visible bacterial growth. The positive control used was 0.12 percent chlorhexidine. All the tests were performed in triplicate and analyzed descriptively. Results: Maytenus ilicifolia extracts exhibited slightly higher inhibition haloes than the other products. Erythrina mulungu had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against S. mutans (2.81 mg/mL) among tinctures, and Mentha piperita (9.00) among essential oils. Erythrina and Mentha piperita extracts were the only two displaying minimum bactericidal concentration against the strains used. Conclusions: The study plant extracts displayed antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms, particularly against Mentha piperita and Erythrina mulungu(AU)