ABSTRACT
Semipurified diets whose cholesterol content varied from 34 to 120 mg/100 kcal were given to adult female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) for 9 months. The intake of dietary fiber was increased through the addition of wheat, rice, or soya bran; 5% cholestyramine was given to one group of monkeys. None of the brans reduced plasma levels of cholesterol, whereas cholestyramine produced marked hypocholesterolemic effects. Triglyceride levels increased with higher cholesterol intake, but no additional changes were induced by any of the experimental diets. Plasma phospholipids were reduced by cholestyramine.
Subject(s)
Cholestyramine Resin/pharmacology , Lipids/blood , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Animals , Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, Dietary , Diet/standards , Dietary Carbohydrates , Female , Haplorhini , Macaca fascicularis , Oryza , Phospholipids/blood , Glycine max , Triglycerides/blood , TriticumABSTRACT
Five to 20 mg of saponins obtained from alfalfa tops or roots were introduced intragastrically in rats also receiving oral and intravenous ring-labeled cholesterol. The saponins were tested before and after partial acid hydrolysis. Absorption of cholesterol was determined by estimation of fecal sterols and by a dual isotope technique involving assay of plasma radioactivity. Alfalfa top saponins (nonhydrolyzed) reduced absorption of cholesterol. Acid hydrolysis of alfalfa top or root saponins enhanced their ability to inhibit cholesterol absorption.
Subject(s)
Cholesterol/metabolism , Intestinal Absorption/drug effects , Medicago sativa , Saponins/pharmacology , Animals , Coprophagia , Feces/analysis , Humans , Hydrolysis , Male , Rats , Sterols/metabolismABSTRACT
Batch and column chromatography with porous glass decreased the plasma concentration of cholesterol. Extracorporeal circulation of blood through a column filled with porous glass, as well as exchange transfusion with blood made hypocholesterolemic by passage of its plasma through a column filled with porous glass, temporarily reduced plasma cholesterol concentration in rats.
Subject(s)
Cholesterol/blood , Adsorption , Animals , Chromatography/methods , Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Methods , RatsABSTRACT
A method is described to determine the mass of 7alpha-hydroxy cholesterol synthetized in vitro by liver microsomes without the use of a radioactive substrate.
Subject(s)
Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/analysis , Microsomes, Liver/enzymology , Steroid Hydroxylases/analysis , Animals , Borohydrides , Cholesterol/analogs & derivatives , Chromatography, Gas , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Female , Hydroxycholesterols/analysis , Hydroxycholesterols/chemical synthesis , Isotope Labeling , Ketosteroids , Kinetics , Male , Methods , Oxidation-Reduction , Rats , TritiumABSTRACT
The observations so far conducted in cynomologus monkeys on semipurified diets containing butter and cholesterol suggest that this nonhuman primate is an excellent model for studying the therapy of established coronary atherosclerosis. (1) This species is available at a reasonable cost and can be kept in captivity in good health for prolonged periods of time. (2) It readily accepts semipurified diets with a percentage composition similar to that of human diets in the U.S. (3) Ingestion of these diets leads quite rapidly (around 6 months) to moderate coronary atherosclerosis. More prolonged feeding leads to lesions which are histologically very similar to those in man. (4) The distribution of lesions in the main coronary arteries is similar to that in man. (5) Methods to quantify the coronary lesions are available. (6) The diets can be so modified that cholesterol levels closely resemble those in hypercholesterolemic man. (7) The monkeys are amenable to several therapeutic regimens which show promise of arresting the progress or inducing the regression of the coronary lesions.