ABSTRACT
Results of the direct immunofluorescence (IF) test in 152 clinical specimens (throat swabs) were compared with those of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) isolation. The prevalence of RSV infections in the upper and lower respiratory tract was high especially in infants until 12 months of age. The average RSV isolation rate was 18.42%, whereas the virus antigen detection was positive in 19.74% of cases. The agreement between virus isolation and direct IF was 92.1%, the sensitivity of IF being 82.14% and its specificity 94.35%.
Subject(s)
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses/isolation & purification , Respirovirus Infections/microbiology , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Cells, Cultured , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Humans , Immune Sera , Infant , Pharynx/microbiology , Respiratory Syncytial Viruses/immunology , Respirovirus Infections/epidemiology , Vero Cells , Virus Replication , YugoslaviaSubject(s)
Cartilage/analysis , Extracellular Space/analysis , Hydroxyproline/analysis , Animals , Cartilage/enzymology , Cattle , Charcoal , Chlorides/analysis , Chlorides/blood , Chromatography, Ion Exchange , Collagen/isolation & purification , Extracellular Space/enzymology , Hydroxyproline/blood , Microbial Collagenase/analysis , Microbial Collagenase/blood , Peptide Hydrolases/analysis , Peptide Hydrolases/blood , Peptide Hydrolases/isolation & purification , Potassium/analysis , Potassium/blood , Proline/analysis , Ribs/analysis , Ribs/enzymology , Sodium/analysis , Sodium/blood , SpectrophotometryABSTRACT
Effects of long term plasmapheresis on blood constituents was examined in the plasma donors from whom 220-660 ml of plasma was withdrawn weakly. The donors were submitted 3-300 times to double plasmapheresis procedures. Small decreases in concentrations of total proteins, albumins, gamma-globulins, immunoglobulins IgA and IgM were observed as well as the increases in the concentrations of alpha-1-globulins (p less than 0,05), alpha-2-globulins (p less than 0,05), beta-globulins (p less than 0,05) and immunoglobulins IgG (p less than 0,05). The statistically significant changes were observed earlier in the course of plasmapheresis in donors submitted to more intensive regime.
Subject(s)
Blood Proteins/analysis , Immunoglobulins/analysis , Plasmapheresis , Serum Globulins/analysis , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The influence of long term plasmapheresis on the health of donors was examined in two groups of plasma donors that donated mean volume of 411 ml of plasma during 176 weeks and 670 ml of plasma during 123 weeks (p less than 0,05). The control group consisted of 27 whole blood donors. Statistically no significant differences (p greater than 0,05) were found in the concentrations of total proteins, albumin, gammaglobulins, immunoglobulins, alpha 1 antitrypsin, alpha 2 macroglobulin, plasminogen, fibrinogen, factor V, factor VIII, GPT and alkaline phosphatase. Although the difference was significant for bilirubin and GOT the mean values were within the normal range. Significant elevations were found in alpha 1 globulins, and alpha 2 globulins in the group that donated 411 ml of plasma/week after 35 sessions. In this latter group of donors the elevation of beta globulins was observed after 100 sessions. On the basis of these results we suggest that plasma donors should not donate more than 500 ml of plasma per week and that the maximal number of regular plasmapheresis should not exceed 70. The yearly number of sessions should therefore not exceed 50 and the yearly donated volume of plasma should be not more than 25 liters.
Subject(s)
Blood Donors , Blood Proteins/metabolism , Plasmapheresis/standards , Alpha-Globulins/metabolism , Beta-Globulins/metabolism , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Humans , Plasma Volume , Plasmapheresis/adverse effects , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Blood component therapy has been wildly accepted all over the world due to the better effects achieved in treating the patients, its safety and economy. In SRH it is replacing whole blood transfusions rather slowly as can be seen through five years of production and utilisation of blood derivatives. In 1974-1978 period a number of donations in Croatia increased to 27 per 1.000 inhabitants, but it is still very far from optimal 40-60 donations per 1.000 inhabitants. In that period the production of albumin increased 5 times, of immunoglobulins 10 times and factor VIII 10 times. In 1978 per 1.000 inhabitants, 2,1 1 of plasma were fractionated, 53 gr of albumin and 23 ml of imunoglobulins were used plus additional 6.200 units per one haemophiliac. These quantities are not sufficient to cover the needs of the health service in SRH. To overcome the shortage it is necessary to increase the number of donations, to augmant the average amount of donation to 450 ml., to increase the number of plasmapheresis and to use blood component therapy on a larger scale. Only after obtaining 10-12 1 of plasma for fractionation per 1.000 inhabitants optimal quantities of derivatives can be secured.