ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of oral mucosal lesions (OML) in domestic waste collectors and their association with occupational exposure to domestic waste. This cross-sectional study included 295 adult men who worked in a waste management company: 129 men were exposed to domestic waste during their labor of waste collection, and 166 were not. The waste collectors used personal protective equipment. The lips, buccal mucosa and sulcus, gum, alveolar ridge, tongue, the floor of the mouth, and soft and hard palate were evaluated. The chi-square or Fisher's exact test assessed the variables associated with OML (P ≤ 0.05). Twenty-five OMLs were observed in 22 volunteers, 8 in the exposed and 17 in the non-exposed group. Actinic cheilitis in the lips and candidiasis were the most common lesions in both groups. OML was not associated with waste exposure (OR= 0.72, 95% CI = 0.29-1.77, P = 0.47). There was no association between domestic waste exposure and actinic cheilitis (OR = 0.70, 95% CI= 0.23-2.15, P = 0.37), candidiasis (OR = 0.42, 95% CI= 0.08-2.12, P = 0.24) or leukoplakia (OR = 0.99, 95% CI= 0.97-1.01, P = 0.32). Actinic cheilitis in the lips and candidiasis were the most common lesions in both exposed and non-exposed groups. Occupational exposure to domestic waste was not related to OML. Proper use of personal protective equipment may have prevented the development of OML in domestic waste collectors. (AU)
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de lesões de mucosa oral (LMO) em coletores de lixo doméstico e sua associação com a exposição ocupacional a resíduos domésticos. Este estudo transversal incluiu 295 homens adultos que trabalhavam numa empresa de gestão de resíduos: 129 homens foram expostos a resíduos domésticos durante o seu trabalho de coleta de resíduos e 166 não. Os coletores de lixo usavam equipamentos de proteção individual. Foram avaliados lábios, mucosa bucal e vesticulo, gengiva, rebordo alveolar, língua, assoalho da boca e palato mole e duro. O teste qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher avaliou as variáveis associadas à LMO (P ≤ 0,05). Vinte e cinco LMO foram observadas em 22 voluntários, 8 no grupo exposto e 17 no grupo não exposto. Queilite actínica nos lábios e candidíase foram as lesões mais comuns em ambos os grupos. A LMO não foi associada à exposição a resíduos (OR = 0,72, IC 95% = 0,29-1,77, P = 0,47). Não houve associação entre exposição a resíduos domésticos e queilite actínica (OR = 0,70, IC 95% = 0,23-2,15, P = 0,37), candidíase (OR = 0,42, IC 95% = 0,08-2,12, P = 0,24) ou leucoplasia ( OR = 0,99, IC 95% = 0,97-1,01, P = 0,32). A queilite actínica nos lábios e a candidíase foram as lesões mais comuns nos grupos expostos e não expostos. A exposição ocupacional a resíduos domésticos não esteve relacionada com LMO. O uso adequado de equipamentos de proteção individual pode ter evitado o desenvolvimento de LMO em coletores de lixo doméstico. (AU)
ABSTRACT
To report a case of non-neural granular cell tumor (NN-GCT), an uncommon neoplasm, with only six studies worldwide describing cases involving the oral cavity. Methods: A 26-year-old male patient with an erythematous, firm, polypoid nodule in the floor of the mouth that exhibited areas of ulceration and mild bleeding to the touch. A biopsy was performed to aid in the diagnosis. Results: Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical results (vimentin +, CD68 +, S100 -), the diagnosis was compatible with S100-negative (primitive polypoid non-neural) granular cell tumor. No recurrence was observed over two years of follow-up. Conclusion: The diagnosis of NN-GCT is extremely challenging because this tumor shares histological and immunophenotypic features with many benign and malignant tumors. Although oral NN-GCT may exhibit unusual and atypical histological features, it has an indolent behavior. Thus, until more cases of oral involvement are reported, complete resection and close follow-up are recommended
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Mouth Neoplasms , Immunohistochemistry , S100 Proteins , Granular Cell TumorABSTRACT
Abstract The genetic basis of oral epithelial (OED) is unknown, and there is no reliable method for evaluating the risk of malignant transformation. Somatic mutations are responsible for the transformation of dysplastic mucosa to invasive cancer. In addition, these genomic variations could represent objective markers of the potential for malignant transformation. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 10 OED samples from Brazilian and Chilean patients. Using public genetic repositories, we identified 41 deleterious variants that could produce high-impact changes in the amino acid structures of 38 genes. In addition, the variants were filtered according to normal skin and Native American genome profiles. Finally, 13 genes harboring 15 variants were found to be exclusively related to OED. High-grade epithelial dysplasia samples showed a tendency to accumulate highly deleterious variants. We observed that 62% of 13 OED genes identified in our study were also found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Among the shared genes, eight were not identified in oral squamous cell carcinoma. To our knowledge, we have described for the first time 13 genes that are found in OED in a Latin American population, of which five genes have already been observed in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Through this study, we identified genes that may be related to basal biological functions in OED.
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Abstract The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate published papers regarding the micronucleus assay in oral mucosal cells of patients undergoing orthodontic therapy (OT). A search of the scientific literature was made in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for all data published until November, 2021 using the combination of the following keywords: "fixed orthodontic therapy," "genetic damage", "DNA damage," "genotoxicity", "mutagenicity", "buccal cells", "oral mucosa cells," and "micronucleus assay". The systematic review was designed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Nine studies were retrieved. Some authors demonstrated that OT induces cytogenetic damage in oral mucosal cells. Out of the nine studies included, two were classified as strong, five as moderate, and two as weak, according to the quality assessment components of the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP). Meta-analysis data revealed no relationship between mutagenicity in oral cells and OT in different months of treatment. At one month, the SMD = 0.65 and p = 0.08; after three months of OT, the SMD = 1.21 and p = 0.07; and after six months of OT, the SMD = 0.56 and p = 0.11. In the analyzed months of OT, I2 values were >75%, indicating high heterogeneity. In summary, this review was not able to demonstrate that OT induces genetic damage in oral cells. The study is important for the protection of patients undergoing fixed OT, given that mutagenesis participates in the multi-step process of carcinogenesis.
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This study evaluated the dental prosthesis needs and associated factors in indigenous Brazilian adults from Northeastern Brazil. Dental prosthesis needs were assessed in a representative sample of 225 Indians. Edentulous area and current indication for tooth extraction according to periodontal status or non-restorable condition were registered in a clinical chart. Bivariate and logistic analyses were applied to assess associations of dental prosthesis needs and prosthesis type with age, sex, income, education, smoking, moderate or severe periodontitis, plaque index, dental caries experience, and previous dental visit. Prosthetic treatment was necessary in 83% of the participants. These individuals required 339 dental prostheses, including removable partial dentures (60.2%), fixed (33.6%), and complete dentures (6.2%). Regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years [odds ratio (OR) 5.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9717.91, p=0.002] and caries experience ≥3 [OR 4.01, 95%CI 1.789.02, p=0.001] were significantly associated with prosthesis needs. The type of prosthesis required was associated with sex, age, educational level, periodontitis, caries experience, and plaque index (p≤0.03). In conclusion, the need for prosthetic rehabilitation was high in this population, and sociodemographic factors, dental plaque level, caries experience, and periodontitis were associated with the required type of prosthesis. These data can be used to plan the allocation of resources to promote preventive and curative strategies in this population.(AU)
Este estudo avaliou as necessidades de prótese dentária e fatores associados em adultos indígenas brasileiros do Nordeste do Brasil. As necessidades de prótese dentária foram avaliadas em uma amostra representativa de 225 índios. A área edêntula e a indicação para extração dental, de acordo com o estado periodontal ou condição não restaurável, foram registradas em um prontuário clínico. Análises bivariadas e logísticas foram aplicadas para avaliar as associações das necessidades de prótese dentária e tipo de prótese com idade, sexo, renda, escolaridade, tabagismo, periodontite moderada ou grave, índice de placa, experiência de cárie dentária e consulta odontológica anterior. O tratamento protético foi necessário em 83% dos participantes. Esses indivíduos necessitaram de 339 próteses dentárias, incluindo próteses parciais removíveis (60,2%), fixas (33,6%) e próteses totais (6,2%). A análise de regressão mostrou que idade ≥35 anos [odds ratio (OR) 5,95, intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC) 1,9717,91, p=0,002] e experiência de cárie ≥3 [OR 4,01, IC 95% 1,789,02, p=0,001] foram significativamente associados às necessidades de prótese. O tipo de prótese necessária foi associado ao sexo, idade, escolaridade, periodontite, experiência de cárie e índice de placa (p≤0,02). Em conclusão, a necessidade de reabilitação protética foi alta nesta população e fatores sociodemográficos, nível de placa dentária, experiência de cárie e periodontite foram associados ao tipo de prótese necessária. Estes dados podem ser usados para planejar a alocação de recursos para promover estratégias preventivas e curativas nessa população.(AU)
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To compare the profile and overall survival of young adults and elderly people diagnosed with SCC. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out at a High Complexity Oncology Unit, between 2010 and 2016. A descriptive analysis, a bivariate analysis using the chi-square and Fisher's exact test and the Kaplan-Meier estimator were performed. The predictor variables were tested using the log-rank test and those with statistical significance and the literature were maintained for the Cox regression model. Results: 282 cases of SCC were recorded, with only 12.4% diagnosed in young adults. The profile was similar between groups, with the majority of cases of the disease occurring in males, smokers and alcohol consumers. The lesions predominantly located on the tongue and were diagnosed in an advanced stage of the disease, resulting in 35.7% of deaths. The median survival time was 30 months in the elderly and 31 months in young people. In the multivariate analysis, age was not statistically significant, only staging and treatment were predictors of reduced overall survival. Conclusion: Tumor staging, and treatment were prognostic factors for the disease
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Survival Analysis , Medical Records , Young AdultABSTRACT
Odontogenic lesions are a heterogeneous group of diseases that presents differences in their biological behavior and the occurrence of variable inductive interactions. Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), or Gorlin's cyst, is a well-recognized example of these lesions. We describe a case of COC with AOT-like areas and highlights its morphological diversity. A 60-year-old pheoderma man presented with a large swelling in the anterior buccal region of the mandible. Panoramic radiography revealed a well-defined, unilocular, radiolucent lesion associated with important root resorption. Complete enucleation of the lesion was performed and the histopathological findings met the criteria for the diagnosis of COC, although the cyst exhibited unusual AOT-like features. The patient has been recurrence free for 6 months after surgery. COCs with AOT-like features are rare, and reflect the multipotentiality and complexity of the inductive effects of the odontogenic epithelium with the ectomesenchyme. Enucleation seems to be the most indicated treatment, similar to classical COC (AU)
As lesões odontogênicas são um grupo heterogêneo de patologias que apresentam diferenças no seu comportamento biológico, e ocorrência de interações indutivas variáveis. O cisto odontogênico calcificante (COC), ou cisto de Gorlin, é um exemplo bem conhecido destas lesões. Descrevemos um caso de COC com áreas adenomatóides e destacamos a sua diversidade morfológica. Paciente do sexo masculino, 60 anos de idade, apresentou um aumento de volume na região anterior da mandíbula. A radiografia panorâmica revelou uma lesão bem definida, unilocular e radiolúcida associada a uma reabsorção radicular importante. A enucleação completa da lesão foi realizada e os achados histopatológicos preencheram os critérios para o diagnóstico de COC, embora o cisto exibisse características adenomatóides pouco usuais. O paciente permanece livre de recidivas durante 6 meses após a cirurgia. Os COCs com características adenomatóides são raros, e refletem a multipotencialidade e complexidade dos efeitos indutivos do epitélio odontogênico com o ectomesênquima. A enucleação parece ser o tratamento mais indicado, semelhante ao COC clássico. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pathology, Oral , Surgery, Oral , Odontogenic Cysts , Odontogenic Cyst, CalcifyingABSTRACT
Response surface methodology (RSM) consists of mathematical and statistical techniques to develop models which help to understand the influence of various factors on a dependent variable of interest. The feasibility of RSM use to detect cases of periodontitis and its correlated factors has not yet been evaluated. This study developed mathematical models for periodontitis diagnosis independent of periodontal probing using the RSM. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, systemic, local factors, and periodontitis were assessed in 176 volunteers. Periodontitis case was defined according to three different definitions: 1) ≥3 sites with clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥4 mm; 2) at least one site with CAL ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing; 3) ≥2 proximal sites with CAL ≥3 mm and ≥2 proximal sites with probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm (not on the same tooth) OR 1 site with PD ≥5 mm. 4th-degree polynomial equations showed high coefficients of determination (R²= 1) and were used to represent the mathematical models of periodontitis cases. According to definition 1, the diagnosis of periodontitis was accurate by including in the model: age, sex, education level, plaque index (PI), number of missing teeth, previous hygiene instructions, and body mass index (BMI). According to definition 2, the diagnosis of periodontitis was accurate by including in the model: age, sex, education level, income, PI, previous oral hygiene instructions, frequency of brushing and type of toothbrush, and use of mouthwash in the model. For an accurate diagnosis of periodontitis according to definition 3, the model included: age, education level, IP, number of missing teeth, previous oral hygiene instruction, BMI, and diabetes. The multifactorial mathematical models were able to diagnosis periodontitis according to different periodontitis case definitions using only variables of easy evaluation and non-invasive. (AU)
A metodologia de superfície de resposta (MSR) consiste em técnicas matemáticas e estatísticas para desenvolver modelos que ajudam a entender a influência de vários fatores em uma variável dependente de interesse. A viabilidade do uso da MSR para detectar casos de periodontite e seus fatores correlacionados ainda não foi avaliada. Este estudo desenvolveu modelos matemáticos para diagnóstico de periodontite independente da sondagem periodontal usando a MSR. Fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, comportamentais, sistêmicos, locais e periodontite foram avaliados em 176 voluntários. O caso de periodontite foi definido de acordo com três definições diferentes: 1) ≥3 locais com nível de inserção clínica (NIC) ≥4 mm; 2) Um local com NIC ≥4 mm e sangramento à sondagem; 3) ≥2 locais proximais com NIC ≥3 mm e ≥2 locais proximais com profundidade de sondagem (PS) ≥4 mm (não no mesmo dente) OU 1 local com PS ≥5 mm. Equações polinomiais de 4º grau apresentaram altos coeficientes de determinação (R²= 1) e foram utilizadas para representar os modelos matemáticos dos casos de periodontite. De acordo com a definição 1, o diagnóstico de periodontite foi preciso ao incluir no modelo: idade, sexo, escolaridade, índice de placa (IP), número de dentes perdidos, instruções de higiene anteriores e índice de massa corporal (IMC). De acordo com a definição 2, o diagnóstico de periodontite foi preciso ao incluir no modelo: idade, sexo, escolaridade, renda, IP, instruções prévias de higiene bucal, frequência de escovação e tipo de escova dental e uso de enxaguatório bucal no modelo. Para um diagnóstico preciso de periodontite de acordo com a definição 3, o modelo incluiu: idade, escolaridade, IP, número de dentes perdidos, instrução prévia de higiene oral, IMC e diabetes. Os modelos matemáticos multifatoriais foram capazes de diagnosticar a periodontite de acordo com diferentes definições de casos de periodontite usando apenas variáveis de fácil avaliação e não invasivas. (AU)
ABSTRACT
Background: With the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a need to adopt online teaching methods in a generalized and sudden way, a situation that led to unprecedented changes in the routine of post-graduate students and research development. This study aimed to analyze the evaluation of remote teaching by graduates of master's degrees and advisors in master's programs in the Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine who needed to adapt to a remote teaching methodology in the pandemic. Material and Methods: This quantitative study evaluated the remote teaching in the perception of master's graduates and advisors from postgraduate programs in Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine. Data were collected through an online Google forms® questionnaire. Results: Participated in the study 14 master graduates and 14 master's advisors. Master graduates evaluated that the professors had a good performance (p=0.001), that the duration of the classes was adequate (p=0.015), that the interaction with professors was satisfactory (p=0.007), that they had good interaction with the advisor (p=0.001), that they were satisfied with the remote guidance process (p=0.038) and that face-to-face practical activities were missed (p=0.002). Master's advisors reported satisfaction with remote teaching, good adaptation (p=0.018) and motivation for remote teaching (p=0.016), they evaluated that students were cooperative in activities (p=0.019) and that face-to-face practical activities were missed (p=0.002). Conclusions: Despite the difficulties, remote teaching proved to be an effective alternative to face-to-face teaching. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Pandemics , Education, Dental , Brazil , Pathology, Oral , Surveys and Questionnaires , Education, DistanceABSTRACT
Background: To evaluate the prevalence and clinicopathological features of a large series of gingival neoplasms in Brazil. Material and methods: All gingival benign and malignant neoplasms were retrieved from the records of six Oral Pathology Services in Brazil, during a 41-year period. Clinical and demographic data, clinical diagnosis, and histopathological data were collected from the patients' clinical charts. For statistical analysis, the chi-square, median test of independent samples and the U Mann-Whitney tests were used, considering a significance of 5%. Results: From 100,026 oral lesions, 888 (0.9%) were gingival neoplasms. There were 496 (55.9%) males, with a mean age of 54.2 years. Most cases (70.3%) were malignant neoplasms. Nodules (46.2%) and ulcers (38.9%) were the most common clinical appearance for benign and malignant neoplasms, respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma (55.6%) was the most common gingival neoplasm, followed by squamous cell papilloma (19.6%). In 69 (11.1%) malignant neoplasms, the lesions were clinically considered to be inflammatory or of infectious origin. Malignant neoplasms were more common in older men, appeared with larger size, and with a time of complaint shorter than benign neoplasms (p<0.001). Conclusions: Benign and malignant tumors may appear as nodules in gingival tissue. In addition, malignant neoplasms, especially squamous cell carcinoma, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent single gingival ulcers. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Gingival Neoplasms/epidemiology , Gingival Neoplasms/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms , Brazil/epidemiology , Pathology, Oral , Chi-Square Distribution , Statistics, Nonparametric , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, clinicopathological, and prognostic features of acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of the oral and maxillofacial region. AciCC cases were retrospectively retrieved from 11 pathology centers of three different countries. Medical records were examined to extract demographic, clinical, pathologic, and follow-up information. A total of 75 cases were included. Females (65.33%) with a mean age of 45.51 years were mostly affected. The lesions usually presented as an asymptomatic (64.28%) nodule (95.66%) in the parotid gland (70.68%). The association of two histopathological patterns was the most common finding (48.93%) and the tumors presented mainly conventional histopathological grades (86.11%). Surgical treatment was performed in the majority of the cases (59.19%). Local recurrence was observed in 20% of the informed cases, regional metastasis in 30.43%, and distant metastasis in 12.50%. The statistical analysis showed that the cases with a solid histopathological pattern (p=0.01), high-grade transformation (p=0.008), recurrence (p=0.007), and regional metastasis (p=0.03) were associated with poor survival. In conclusion, high histopathological transformation, presence of nodal metastasis, and recurrence were prognostic factors for AciCC of the oral and maxillofacial region.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: In several conditions, outcome stability is a great challenge for Orthodontics. Previous studies have reported that relapse commonly occurs along the years after orthodontic treatment finishing. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate in the long-term transversal dental arch changes of Class II division 1 patients treated with cervical headgear and fixed appliance. Methods: Plaster study casts of 20 patients treated with cervical headgear without dental extractions were 3D-scanned and evaluated in three distinct times: initial (T1), immediate post-treatment (T2) and long-term retention (T3 - minimum 20 years). Transversal teeth distance of maxillary and mandibular canines, premolars and first molars were measured. Results: A statistically significant increase during treatment was observed for all maxillary teeth transversal distances (p< 0.05). In turn, a significant reduction was observed in the long term (p<0.05). For the mandibular teeth, canine transversal distance presented statistically significant constriction in the retention period (p<0.05). Mandibular first molars distance was significantly expanded by treatment (p<0.05) and remained stable in the long term. The changes observed for the other teeth or other times were considered not statistically relevant. Conclusions: For the accessed sample, transversal changes occurred during treatment and retention phases in Class II division 1 patients treated with cervical headgear and fixed appliance. Relapse was considered statistically relevant, even with the institution of a retention protocol.
RESUMO Introdução: Em várias condições, a estabilidade dos resultados é um grande desafio para a Ortodontia. Estudos prévios relataram que a recidiva ocorre, comumente, ao longo dos anos, após o término do tratamento ortodôntico. Objetivo: O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar as alterações transversais da arcada dentária em longo prazo de pacientes Classe II, divisão 1, tratados com aparelho extrabucal cervical e aparelho fixo. Métodos: Modelos de gesso de 20 pacientes tratados com AEB cervical, sem extrações dentárias, foram escaneados e avaliados em três momentos distintos: inicial (T1), pós-tratamento imediato (T2) e acompanhamento de longo prazo (T3, mínimo de 20 anos). A distância transversal entre os caninos superiores e inferiores, pré-molares e primeiros molares foi medida. Resultados: Foi observado aumento estatisticamente significativo durante o tratamento para todas as distâncias transversais dos dentes superiores (p < 0,05). Por sua vez, foi observada redução significativa em longo prazo (p < 0,05). Para os dentes inferiores, a distância transversal intercaninos apresentou constrição estatisticamente significativa no período de contenção (p < 0,05). A distância dos primeiros molares inferiores aumentou significativamente com o tratamento (p < 0,05) e permaneceu estável em longo prazo. As alterações observadas para os outros dentes ou outros tempos foram consideradas sem significância estatística. Conclusões: Para a amostra estudada, as alterações transversais ocorreram durante as fases de tratamento e contenção em pacientes Classe II, divisão 1, tratados com aparelho extrabucal de tração cervical e aparelho fixo. A recidiva foi considerada estatisticamente significativa, mesmo com a instituição de um protocolo de contenção.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between tooth inclination and gingival and bone dimensions in maxillary anterior teeth. Methods: This cross-sectional study included cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 160 maxillary anterior teeth (30 individuals). Tooth inclination, gingival and bone thickness, and distances from cementoenamel junction to alveolar bone crest and gingival margin were measured in the labial surface. The correlations were analyzed using Pearson and partial correlation tests (p≤0.05). Results: In the central incisors, tooth inclination was positively and significantly related to apical bone thickness (R = 0.34, p= 0.001). In the canines, tooth inclination was negatively and significantly related to cervical bone thickness (R = - 0.34, p= 0.01) and positively associated to apical bone thickness (R = 0.36, p= 0.01) and to gingival margin-cementoenamel junction distance (R = 0.31, p= 0.03). In the lateral incisors, tooth inclination was not associated with gingival or bone dimensions. Conclusions: In the central incisors, the greater the labial tooth inclination, the greater is the apical bone thickness. In the canines, the greater the labial tooth inclination, the smallest is the cervical bone thickness, the greater is the apical bone thickness, and the greater is the gingival margin. Gingival and bone dimensions should be assessed when planning orthodontic treatment involving buccal movement of central incisors and canines.
RESUMO Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre a inclinação dentária e as dimensões ósseas e gengivais em dentes anteriores superiores. Métodos: Esse estudo transversal incluiu imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) de 160 dentes anteriores superiores divididos em três grupos (incisivo central, incisivo lateral e canino). Todos os pacientes tinham 18 anos ou mais, não tinham tratamento ortodôntico prévio nem história clínica que pudesse afetar as dimensões ósseas ou gengivais. A inclinação dentária, a espessura do osso e da gengiva e as distâncias da junção cemento-esmalte à crista óssea alveolar e à margem gengival foram medidas na face vestibular. As correlações foram analisadas por meio dos testes de Pearson e de correlação parcial (p≤0,05). Resultados: Nos incisivos centrais, a inclinação dentária foi positiva e significativamente relacionada à espessura do osso apical (R = 0,34, p= 0,001). Nos caninos, a inclinação dentária foi negativa e significativamente relacionada à espessura do osso cervical (R = - 0,34, p= 0,01) e positivamente associada à espessura do osso apical (R = 0,36, p= 0,01) e à distância entre a margem gengival e a junção cemento-esmalte (R = 0,31, p= 0,03). Nos incisivos laterais, a inclinação do dente não foi associada às dimensões do osso ou da gengiva. Conclusões: Nos incisivos centrais, quanto maior a inclinação vestibular do dente, maior a espessura do osso apical. Nos caninos, quanto maior a inclinação vestibular do dente, menor a espessura do osso cervical, maior a espessura do osso apical e maior a margem gengival. As dimensões ósseas e gengivais devem ser avaliadas ao se planejar o tratamento ortodôntico envolvendo a movimentação vestibular dos incisivos centrais e caninos.
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Objective: This study evaluated the associations of periodontal status with dental plaque index and frequency of toothbrushing and flossing in Kiriri Brazilian Indigenous people. Methods: Gingival bleeding, periodontal clinical attachment level, and dental plaque index were clinically evaluated in 204 adult Brazilian indigenous. They were categorized as healthy, gingivitis, or periodontitis. Sociodemographic data and oral hygiene habits were registered. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed (p≤0.05). Results: Gingivitis [odds ratio (OR): 2.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.525.25; p=0.001] and periodontitis (OR: 6.88; 95%CI, 1.4432.78; p=0.02) were associated with plaque index level, but not with toothbrushing or flossing frequency (p ≥0.55). Conclusion: Gingivitis and periodontitis were associated with higher plaque index, but not with the frequency of toothbrushing and flossing. To enhance this population's periodontal health, a prevention program focused on improving the quality of self-performed oral hygiene should be planned and implemented.
Objetivo: avaliar as associações do estado periodontal com o índice de placa dentária, a frequência de escovação e o uso do fio dental em Indígenas Brasileiros Kiriri. Métodos: sangramento gengival, nível de inserção clínica periodontal e índice de placa dentária foram avaliados, clinicamente, em 204 indígenas brasileiros adultos. Eles foram classificados como saudáveis, com gengivite ou periodontite. Dados sociodemográficos e hábitos de higiene bucal foram registrados. Foram realizadas análises bivariadas e de regressão logística (p≤0,05). Resultados: gengivite [Odds Ratio (OR): 2,83; Intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC), 1,52-5,25; p = 0,001] e periodontite (OR: 6,88; IC 95%, 1,4432,78; p = 0,02) foram associados ao nível de índice de placa, mas não à frequência de escovação ou uso do fio dental (p ≥0,55). Conclusão: gengivite e periodontite foram associados a maior índice de placa, mas não com frequência de escovação e uso do fio dental. Para melhorar a saúde periodontal dessa população, um programa de prevenção com foco na melhoria da qualidade da higiene bucal autorrealizada deve ser planejado e implantado.
Subject(s)
Dental Plaque , Oral Hygiene , Periodontitis , Toothbrushing , Dental Plaque Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Morbidity , Dental Devices, Home Care , Disease PreventionABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o perfil e a sobrevida de adultos jovens com carcinoma de células escamosas oral, atendidos entre 2010 a 2016 na Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia de Feira de Santana, Brasil. Métodos Coorte retrospectiva, realizada através das informações dos prontuários de todos os pacientes jovens atendidos no referido centro. Foi realizada análise descritiva das variáveis, teste exato de Fisher, curva de Kaplan-Meier e teste log rank. Resultados Um total de 35 pacientes foram registrados. A maioria era do sexo masculino, fumantes e etilistas. Os tumores estavam localizados predominantemente em língua, diagnosticados tardiamente e classificados como bem diferenciado, tendo como tratamento de escolha cirurgia associada a radioterapia e quimioterapia. O tempo mediano de sobrevida foi de 31 meses e 22,8% dos pacientes foram a óbito. As variáveis que apresentaram significância estatística em relação ao tempo de sobrevida foram a localização do tumor e o tipo de tratamento. Conclusão O perfil e o baixo tempo de sobrevida refletem a necessidade de uma maior atenção à doença nesta população.(AU)
ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the profile and survival in young adults with oral squamous cell carcinoma, attended at the High Complexity in Oncology of Feira de Santana, Brazil, between 2010 and 2016. Methods Retrospective cohort, performed through the information of the medical records of all young patients attended in the referred center. Descriptive analysis of the variables, Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were performed. Results A total of 35 patients were registered. The majority were male, smokers and former alcoholics. Tumors were predominantly localized in the tongue, diagnosed at late stages, classified as well differentiated and treated mainly with surgery associated to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The median survival time was 31 months and 22.8% of the patients died. The variables that presented statistical significance in relation to the survival time were the tumor site and the type of treatment. Conclusion The profile and low survival time reflect the need for greater attention to the disease in this population.(AU)
RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar el perfil y la supervivencia de adultos jóvenes con carcinoma de células escamosas atendidos en el Centro de Alta Complejidad en Oncología de Feira de Santana (Brasil), durante el periodo 2010-2016. Métodos cohorte retrospectivo realizado mediante la información de registros médicos de todos los pacientes jóvenes atendidos en el centro médico mencionado. Asimismo, se hizo un análisis descriptivo de las variables, test exacto de Fisher, curva de Kaplan-Meier y una prueba de rango logarítmico. Resultados Se registró un total de 35 pacientes: la mayoría, hombres fumadores y exalcohólicos. Gran parte de los tumores fueron hallados en la lengua y diagnosticados en la última fase; asimismo, se clasificaron, se diferenciaron y se trataron con cirugía apoyada en radioterapia y quimioterapia. El tiempo promedio de supervivencia fue de 31 meses. El 22,8% de los pacientes fallecieron. Las variables que demostraron una gran significancia estadística en relación con el tiempo de supervivencia fueron la ubicación del tumor y el tipo de tratamiento. Conclusión El perfil y el escaso tiempo de supervivencia demuestran que es necesaria una mejor atención de la enfermedad que padece esta población.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Health Profile , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Prognosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Survival Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal StudiesABSTRACT
Introduction: The prognostic value of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-ß1) in oral cancer remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate TGF-ß1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples and its association with clinicopathological data, tumor proliferative activity, and patients' prognosis. Methods: A total of 68 patients with histopathological diagnosis of OSCC were included, as well as 9 cases of normal oral mucosa for comparison purposes. The OSCC sample was categorized according to patients' outcomes in favorable prognosis (n=30) or unfavorable prognosis (n=38). Immunohistochemical staining for TGF-ß1 and Ki-67 were performed. The slides were semi-quantitatively and quantitatively evaluated for TGF-ß1 and Ki-67, respectively. Results: TGF-ß1 was significantly increased in OSCC compared to normal oral mucosa (<0.01). An inverse correlation was found between TGF-ß1 and Ki67 staining in OSCC (p=0.01). No association was found between TGF-ß1 expression and OSCC clinicopathological features, prognosis or survival. Conclusions: TGF-ß1 had no prognostic value and appears to maintain its suppressive role concerning cell proliferation. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Prognosis , Transforming Growth FactorsABSTRACT
Abstract Periapical actinomycosis caused by a gram-positive anaerobic pathogen characterizes a typical extra-radicular infection. This study determined the frequency and correlated the content of bacteria colonies with the of periapical actinomycosis size. The study comprised a total of 218 periapical lesions (PL) (cysts, granulomas or abscess). The specimens embedded in paraffin were sliced into 4-µm sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Gram, Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Grocott's stain. The presence of bacterial colonies composed of filamentous structures labeled with the histochemical stains were described as Actinomyces, and for each case, the bacterial colonies were counted and measured. The correlation between the number and size of bacterial colonies and the size of PL was tested using Pearson's adjusted correlation coefficient. From 218 PL, bacterial colonies were identified in 64 biopsies. Seven cases (0.3%) fulfill the criteria for diagnosis of periapical actinomycosis. All of cases were therapy-resistant and did not showed periapical repair after 12 months of follow-up. Periapical surgery or dental extraction was performed. The correlation test indicated no correlation between the number of bacterial colonies and the lesion size (p=0.752, r=-0.148). However, a larger bacterial colony size generally resulted in a larger periapical lesion (P=0.000, r=0.657). The frequency of periapical actinomycosis was low, and this lesion should be included in the differential diagnosis of PL. The size of the Actinomyces colonies seemed to contribute to increase the size of the periapical lesion.
Resumo A actinomicose periapical causada por um patógeno anaeróbio Gram positivo caracteriza uma infecção extra-radicular típica. Esse estudo determinou a frequência e correlacionou o conteúdo das colônias bacterianas com o tamanho das actinomicoses periapicais. O estudo compreendeu um total de 218 lesões periapicais (LPs) (cistos, granulomas ou abscessos). Os espécimes embebidos em parafina foram cortados em secções de 4-µm e corados com hematoxilina-eosina, Gram, ácido periódico de Schiff (PAS) e coloração de Grocott. A presença de colônias bacterianas compostas por estruturas filamentosas marcadas com os corantes histoquímicos foram descritas como Actinomyces, e para cada caso, as colônias bacterianas foram contadas e mensuradas. A correlação entre o número e tamanho das colônias bacterianas e o tamanho das LPs foi testado usando o coeficiente de correlação ajustado de Pearson. De 218 LPs, colônias bacterianas foram identificadas em 64 biópsias. Sete casos (0,3%) preencheram os critérios para o diagnóstico de actinomicose periapical. Todos os casos foram resistentes à terapia e não mostraram reparo periapical após 12 meses de acompanhamento. Cirurgia periapical ou extração dental foi realizada. O teste de correlação indicou nenhuma correlação entre o número de colônias bacterianas e o tamanho da lesão (p=0.752, r=-0.148). Entretanto, uma maior colônia bacteriana geralmente resultou em uma maior lesão periapical (p=0.000, r=0.657). A frequência de actinomicose periapical foi baixa e esta lesão deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial das LPs. O tamanho das colônias de Actinomyces pareceu contribuir para o aumento no tamanho da lesão periapical.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Actinomycosis/diagnosis , Periapical Diseases/diagnosis , Actinomycosis/complications , Paraffin Embedding , Periapical Diseases/complicationsABSTRACT
Abstract: Background: The morphological similarities between fibrous papules of the face and multiple sporadic oral fibromas were mentioned long ago and a relationship between them has been reported in the literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the participation of mast cells, elastin and collagen in a series of oral fibromas and fibrous papules of the face in order to better understand the possible role of these factors in fibrosis and the formation of these lesions. Methods: Thirty cases of oral fibroma involving the buccal mucosa and 30 cases of fibrous papules of the face were selected. Tissue samples were submitted to picrosirius red staining and immunohistochemistry using anti-elastin and anti-tryptase antibodies. Results: The percentage of tryptase-positive mast cells and expression of elastin were higher in cases of fibrous papules of the face (p < 0.05). In contrast, a higher intensity of collagen deposition was observed in oral fibromas. The results showed mast cell accumulation and higher elastin synthesis in fibrous papules of the face, and mast cell accumulation with higher collagen fiber synthesis in oral fibromas. Conclusion: These findings support the hypothesis that mast cells influence the development and growth of these lesions through different mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Humans , Facial Dermatoses/pathology , Fibroma/pathology , Fibrosis/metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Collagen/metabolism , Elastin/metabolism , Tryptases/metabolism , Facial Dermatoses/metabolism , Fibroblasts/metabolism , Fibroma/metabolism , Mast Cells/metabolism , Mouth Mucosa/metabolismABSTRACT
Introduction: Maxillary surgery on a bone segment enables movement in the sagittal and vertical planes. When performed on multiple segments, it further provides movement in the transverse plane. Typical sites for interdental osteotomies are between laterals and canines, premolars and canines, or between incisors. Additionally, osteotomies can be bilateral, unilateral or asymmetric. The ability to control intercanine width, buccolingual angulation of incisors, and correct Bolton discrepancy are some of the advantages of maxillary segmentation between laterals and canines. Objective: This article describes important features to be considered in making a clinical decision to segment the maxilla between laterals and canines when treating a dentoskeletal deformity. It further discusses the history of this surgical approach, the indications for its clinical use, the technique used to implement it, as well as its advantages, disadvantages, complications and stability. It is therefore hoped that this paper will contribute to disseminate information on this topic, which will inform the decision-making process of those professionals who wish to make use of this procedure in their clinical practice. Conclusions: Segmental maxillary osteotomy between laterals and canines is a versatile technique with several indications. Furthermore, it offers a host of advantages compared with single-piece osteotomy, or between canines and premolars.
Introdução: a cirurgia de maxila em um segmento ósseo possibilita sua movimentação nos planos sagital e vertical. Quando realizada em múltiplos segmentos, contempla também o plano transversal. A localização das osteotomias interdentárias pode ser: entre incisivos laterais e caninos, entre pré-molares e caninos, ou entre os incisivos centrais - podendo ser bilateral, unilateral ou assimétrica. A possibilidade de controle da distância intercaninos, da angulação vestibulolingual dos incisivos e da correção da discrepância de Bolton é uma das vantagens da segmentação da maxila entre incisivos laterais e caninos. Objetivo: o presente artigo descreve aspectos importantes, no tratamento das deformidades dentoesqueletais, a serem considerados na decisão clínica de segmentar-se a maxila entre os incisivos laterais e os caninos. Serão discutidas, também, a história dessa abordagem cirúrgica, as indicações para seu emprego clínico, a técnica para sua utilização, bem como suas vantagens, desvantagens, complicações e estabilidade. Desse modo, espera-se contribuir para o aumento das informações disponíveis sobre o assunto, subsidiando a decisão dos profissionais que queiram considerar o uso dessa técnica em suas atividades clínicas. Conclusão: a osteotomia segmentar de maxila entre os incisivos laterais e os caninos corresponde a uma técnica versátil com diversos tipos de indicações, e apresenta uma série de vantagens, quando comparada com as osteotomias em um segmento ou entre caninos e pré-molares.