[Infection due to Strongyloides stercoralis: epidemiological, clinical, diagnosis findings and outcome in 30 patients]. / Infección por Strongyloides stercoralis: estudio epidemiológico, clínico, diagnóstico y terapéutico en 30 pacientes.

BACKGROUND: Strongyloides stercoralis is a nematode parasite, which is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. Infection usually remains asymptomatic, but in immunocompromised hosts severe and life-threatening manifestations such as hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated disease might occur. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, including HIV co-infection, microbiological findings, and outcome in 30 patients with strongyloidiasis, who attended in the Infectious Diseases F. J. Muñiz Hospital in Buenos Aires from January 2004 to December 2008. RESULTS: The study included 20 men and 10 women with an average age of 33 years. HIV co-infection was present in 21 patients (70%) with a median CD4 T cell count of 50 cells/mm³ (range 7-355) (average 56 cells/mm³). Among HIV negative patients the following comorbidities were detected: tuberculosis (n = 3) and chronic alcoholism, leprosy treated with corticosteroids, immunosuppressive treatment for psoriasis, and diabetes mellitus (each in one patient). Two patients did not have any predisposing diseases or immunosuppressive treatments. Seventeen patients presented with diarrhea and were classified as chronic intestinal strongyloidiasis (57%), asymptomatic infection with peripheral eosinophilia was diagnosed in 7 (23%), and 6 patients (20%) developed hyperinfection syndrome. Seventeen patients (57%) presented peripheral eosinophilia. Diagnosis was achieved by direct visualization of larvae in feces by Baermann technique (n = 20), by multiple stool smears examinations (n = 2), by combination of both (n = 1), by visualization of the filariform larvae in duodenal fluid and stool (n = 1), and in fecal and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens (n = 6). Overall mortality in this series was 20% (6/30). There was no significant correlation between age and mortality. A significant inverse correlation between the survival rate and CD4 T-cell count as well as eosinophilia was observed. There was also a significant correlation between HIV co-infection and mortality. Twenty-two patients responded favorably to treatment with ivermectin.

[Cavitary pneumonia in an AIDS patient with cryptococcosis]. / Neumonía cavitada por Cryptococcus neoformans en un paciente con sida.

Pulmonary cryptococcosis is an unusual fungal infection that is most often found in AIDS or in organ transplant recipients. Although in immunocompromised patients, cryptococcal infection often causes pulmonary infections, the diagnosis of lung involvement is generally difficult. The presentation of pulmonary cryptoccosis in HIV-infected patients appears to be more acute and severe than in other immunocompromised patients, probably related with the severe immunosuppression. Diffuse infiltrates, mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes enlargement are the most common radiological findings in AIDS-associated pulmonary cryptococcosis. Cavitation is a rare form of and includes only 10% to 15% of all cases. Only a few case reports or studies with small number of patients of pulmonary cryptococcosis have been published over the past two decades. We report a case of an AIDS patient who developed cavitary pneumonia as the only clinical expression of cryptococcosis.

Análisis de 23 pacientes con infección por VIH y Covid-19. Estudio descriptivo / Analysis of 23 patients with HIV infection and Covid-19. Descriptive study

Las características clínicas, el diagnóstico, el pronóstico, el tratamiento y la profilaxis de la infección por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 en los pacientes infectados por el VIH, son muy similares a los de la población general cuando estos se encuentran con supresión de la replicación viral con el tratamiento antirretroviral y tienen una cifra de linfocitos T CD4 + > de 200 células/uL. El tiempo medio de incubación es de 5 días (entre 2 y 14 días). En sujetos VIH positivos, cuánto mayor es la carga viral plasmática para VIH y el recuento de CD4 + es < 200 cél/uL, el tiempo que transcurre entre la infección por el coronavirus y la aparición de las manifestaciones clínicas es menor. En la población general, el 70-80% de individuos tienen una infección por SARS-CoV-2 leve/moderada, un 20-25% grave y un 5% muy grave que requiere internación en UTI. En los pacientes infectados por el VIH se desconoce esta proporción, aunque estudios preliminares consideran que las proporciones serían del 66%, 22% y 12%, respectivamente25. Se presenta una serie de 23 pacientes con coinfección SARS-CoV-2/VIH y se analizan las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y la evolución en relación con ambas infecciones

The clinical characteristics, diagnosis methods, medical prognosis, treatment alternatives and prophylaxis of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV infected individuals are very similar in patients under HAART with undetectable viral load and CD4+ > than 200 cell/uL. The mean incubation time is of 5 days (range 2 to 14 days). In HIV-seropositive patients, with high viral load and CD4 < 200 cell/ uL, the time between infection for coronavirus and the onset of symptoms is minor. In the general population, 70% to 80% of individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2 develops a mild to moderate disease; 20% to 25% severe forms and 5% develops very severe clinical compromise that requieres intensive therapy unit income. In HIV-positive patients these percentages would be 66%, 22% y 12%, respectively25. Here we present a series of 23 HIV-seropositive patients coinfected by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; we analyzed the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and the evolution related with both infections

Primary liver AIDS-related lympoma.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are the second most frequent malignancies in AIDS patients. The majority of NHL associated with AIDS involves extranodal sites, especially the digestive tract and the central nervous system. Primary liver lymphoma (PLL) is an uncommon neoplasm among these patients. Ultrasonography and computed tomography scans may be helpful in the diagnosis of focal hepatic lymphoma. Image-guided fine-needle biopsy with histopathology of the liver lesions is the gold standard for the diagnosis of hepatic lymphoma. We report a case of PLL as the initial manifestation of AIDS in a patient without any previous infection by hepatitis C or B virus, presented as multiple and large hepatic masses.

Primary pulmonary AIDS-related lymphoma.

Extranodal involvement is common in lymphomas associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, primary pulmonary AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is very rare and only few reports were published in the medical literature. Clinical presentation is nonspecific, with "B" and respiratory symptoms. Also, patients were with advanced immunodeficiency at the time of diagnosis. Generally, chest radiography showed peripheral nodules or cavitary masses. Primary pulmonary lymphoma associated with AIDS is generally a high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of these tumors. We report a patient with AIDS and primary pulmonary lymphoma which clinical presentation was a total atelectasis of the left lung.

Meningoencefalitis por herpesvirus varicelazóster como síndrome inflamatorio de reconstitución inmune. Una manifestación clínica infrecuente / VARICELLA-ZOSTER HERPESVIRUS MENINGOENCEPHALITIS AS AN INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME OF IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION. An uncommon clinical manifestation

El uso cada vez más difundido de la terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) en el tratamiento de los pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) puede dar lugar a respuestas paradojales, caracterizadas por un empeoramiento de las manifestaciones clínicas o la reactivación de ciertas infecciones oportunistas, hasta ese momento subclínicas, como el Herpes varicela-zóster (HVZ). Este cuadro clínico se conoce desde hace años como síndrome inflamatorio de reconstitución inmune (SIRI). Puede afectar a más del 30% de los pacientes seropositivos para el VIH con un tiempo de aparición promedio de 8 a 12 semanas luego del inicio o cambio de TARGA. El HZ mucocutáneo representa entre el 7% al 12% de los episodios de SIRI en estos pacientes. En este trabajo, se presenta un paciente VIH seropositivo que desarrolló un episodio de HVZ cutáneo monometamérico asociado a compromiso del sistema nervioso central bajo la forma de un síndrome meningoencefalítico

The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has resulted in a paradoxical response associated with the worsening of clinical symptoms of previously subclinical infections, such as herpes varicella-zoster (HVZ). This clinical picture is named as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). It may affect up to 30% of HIV-seropositive subjects within a wide range of time after the initiation or change of HAART, but mainly after 8 to 12 weeks. Mucocutaneous HZ accounts for 7%-12% of the diseases associated with HIV infection in patients with immune reconstitution from the administration of HAART. Here we present an HIV seropositive patient that developed an episode of cutaneous metameric eruption of HVZ associated with central nervous system involvement as meningoencephalitis syndrome.

Hallazgos radiológicos en 80 pacientes con compromiso pulmonar por COVID-19. Estudio descriptivo / RADIOLOGICAL FINDINGS FROM 80 PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 PNEUMONIA. A descriptive study

Introducción: El compromiso pulmonar es la complicación más frecuente de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Objetivos: Describir la utilidad de la tomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax realizada tempranamente para la detección y evaluación del compromiso pulmonar en la enfermedad COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron de manera retrospectiva ochenta (80) pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado (RT-PCR en hisopados nasofaríngeos con detección de SARS-Cov-2) de neumonía por COVID-19 internados en la Unidad 17, División "B", del Hospital de Referencia en Enfermedades Infecciosas F.J.Muñiz, CABA, a los que se les efectuó TC de tórax en las primeras 24 horas de su ingreso hospitalario. Se analizaron de manera retrospectiva y descriptiva los patrones radiológicos de compromiso pulmonar más frecuentes, su localización y distribución. Resultados: se incluyeron en la evaluación, 80 pacientes internados en el Hospital entre los meses de Junio y Agosto de 2020. Todos (100%) fueron varones con una mediana de edad de 45.5 años (rango 21 a 81 años). El patrón radiológico predominante en la TC fueron las opacidades en vidrio esmerilado (33 [41.3%] de los pacientes); con predominio del compromiso bilateral (71 [93.4%] pacientes), multilobar (71 [93.4%] pacientes) y localización subpleural (periférica) (38 [57.6%] casos). Conclusión: Las opacidades en vidrio esmerilado, bilaterales, difusas y de predominio subpleural en su localización fueron los hallazgos más comunes en la TC de tórax efectuada de forma precoz en pacientes con diagnóstico de neumonía por COVID-19. Las imágenes de consolidación y los patrones mixtos también fueron hallazgos frecuentes en la TC de tórax observados en la mayoría de los pacientes, aún en estadios tempranos de la enfermedad por COVID-19.

Introduction: Pulmonary involvement is the most frequent complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Objectives: Describe the utility of early computed tomography (CT) scan of thorax in the management and detection of pulmonary parenchyma compromise. Material and methods: Eighty (80) patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (confirmed by RT-PCR detection of SARS-Cov-2 in nasopharyngeal swabs) who were admitted to the Unit 17th,, "B" Division, Infectious Diseases F. J. Muñiz Reference Hospital, CABA, and who underwent early chest CT scans were retrospectively enrolled. Imaging features, predominant radiological lung patterns, and distribution were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 80 patients admitted to the hospital between June 2020 to August 2020, were retrospectively enrolled. The cohort included 80 (100%) men with a mean age of 45.5 years (range 21 to 81 years). The predominant pattern of abnormality observed was ground-glass opacification (33 [41.3%] patients), bilateral compromise (71 [93.4%] patients), multilobar involvement (71 [93.4%] patients) and subpleural lesions (peripheral) (38 [57.6%] cases). Conclusion: Bilateral, diffuse, ground-glass opacities were the predominance findings on early CT thorax scan of confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. Consolidation and mixed patterns were also frequent. COVID-19 pneumonia presents with chest CT imaging abnormalities in the majority of patient even in early stages of the disease

Acute meningoencephalomyelitis due to varicella-zoster virus in an AIDS patient: report of a case and review of the literature.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) meningoencephalomyelitis is a rare but severe neurological complication of VZV reactivation in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of an HIV-infected individual who developed an acute and severe meningoencephalomyelitis accompanied by a disseminated cutaneous eruption due to VZV. The presence of VZV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The patient started undergoing an intravenous acyclovir therapy with a mild recovery of neurological manifestations. Varicella-zoster virus should be included as a cause of acute meningoencephalomyelitis in patients with AIDS. Early diagnosis followed by specific therapy should modify the rapid and fulminant course for this kind of patients.

Human herpesvirus 6: report of emerging pathogen in five patients with HIV/AIDS and review of the literature.

The reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in patients with AIDS can result in an acute and severe diffuse meningoencephalitis. We describe the epidemiological, clinical and outcome findings of five patients with diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and central nervous system involvement (CNS) due to HHV-6. Fever was present in all the patients. Meningeal compromise, seizures and encephalitis were present in some of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens was positive for HHV-6 in all the patients. HHV-6 should be included among opportunistic and emerging pathogens that involve the CNS in patients with AIDS.

Human herpesvirus 6: report of emerging pathogen in five patients with HIV/AIDS and review of the literature / Herpes virus humano 6: relato de patógenos emergentes em cinco pacientes com HIV/AIDS e revisão da literatura

The reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in patients with AIDS can result in an acute and severe diffuse meningoencephalitis. We describe the epidemiological, clinical and outcome findings of five patients with diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and central nervous system involvement (CNS) due to HHV-6. Fever was present in all the patients. Meningeal compromise, seizures and encephalitis were present in some of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens was positive for HHV-6 in all the patients. HHV-6 should be included among opportunistic and emerging pathogens that involve the CNS in patients with AIDS.

A reativação do herpesvírus humano 6 (HHV-6), em um hospedeiro com AIDS, pode resultar em meningoencefalite aguda difusa. Nós descrevemos a epidemiologia, a clínica e resultados encontrados em cinco pacientes com diagnóstico de HIV/AIDS e comprometimento do sistema nervoso central (SNC) devido ao HHV-6. Todos os pacientes apresentaram febre. Sinais e sintomas de comprometimento meníngeo, convulsões e encefalite podem ser encontrados. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de amostras do líquor foi positiva para HHV-6 em todos os pacientes. O HHV-6 deve ser incluído entre os patógenos emergentes oportunistas que comprometem o SNC de pacientes com AIDS.

Infección por Strongyloides stercoralis: estudio epidemiológico, clínico, diagnóstico y terapéutico en 30 pacientes / Infection due to Strongyloides stercoralis: epidemiological, clinical, diagnosis findings and outcome in 30 patients

Background: Strongyloides stercoralis is a nematode parasite, which is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. Infection usually remains asymptomatic, but in immunocompromised hosts severe and life-threatening manifestations such as hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated disease might occur. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, including HIV co-infection, microbiological findings, and outcome in 30 patients with strongyloidiasis, who attended in the Infectious Diseases F. J. Muñiz Hospital in Buenos Aires from January 2004 to December 2008. Results: The study included 20 men and 10 women with an average age of 33 years. HIV co-infection was present in 21 patients (70 percent) with a median CD4 T cell count of 50 cells/mm³ (range 7-355) (average 56 cells/mm³). Among HIV negative patients the following comorbidities were detected: tuberculosis (n = 3) and chronic alcoholism, leprosy treated with corticosteroids, immunosuppressive treatment for psoriasis, and diabetes mellitus (each in one patient). Two patients did not have any predisposing diseases or immunosuppressive treatments. Seventeen patients presented with diarrhea and were classified as chronic intestinal strongyloidiasis (57 percent), asymptomatic infection with peripheral eosinophilia was diagnosed in 7 (23 percent), and 6 patients (20 percent) developed hyperinfection syndrome. Seventeen patients (57 percent) presented peripheral eosinophilia. Diagnosis was achieved by direct visualization of larvae in feces by Baermann technique (n = 20), by multiple stool smears examinations (n = 2), by combination of both (n = 1), by visualization of the filariform larvae in duodenal fluid and stool (n = 1), and in fecal and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens (n = 6). Overall mortality in this series was 20 percent (6/30). There was no significant correlation between age and mortality. A significant inverse correlation between the survival rate and CD4 T-cell count as well as eosinophilia was observed. There was also a significant correlation between HIV co-infection and mortality. Twenty-two patients responded favorably to treatment with ivermectin.

Antecedentes: Strongyloides stercoralis, parásito endémico de áreas tropicales y subtropicales del planeta, en sujetos inmunodeprimidos puede cursar con formas graves y aun mortales como el síndrome de hiperinfestación y la enfermedad diseminada. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de las características epidemiológicas, manifestaciones clínicas, co-infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), hallazgos microbiológicos y evolución de 30 pacientes con estrongiloidiasis, atendidos en el Hospital de Enfermedades Infecciosas F. J. Muñiz de Buenos Aires, entre enero 2004 y diciembre 2008. Resultados: Se incluyeron en la evaluación 20 hombres y 10 mujeres con una mediana de edad de 33 años. Co-infección por VIH hubo en 21 pacientes (70 por ciento); la mediana de linfocitos T CD4+ en ellos al momento del diagnóstico de la parasitosis fue de 50 céls/mm³ (rango 7 a 355), (media de 56 céls/mm³). En los pacientes seronegativos para VIH, se comprobaron las siguientes co-morbilidades: tuberculosis (n: 3) y un caso de cada una de las siguientes afecciones: alcoholismo crónico, diabetes mellitus, reacción lepromatosa bajo corticotera-pia, y psoriasis en tratamiento inmunosupresor. Hubo dos pacientes sin aparentes enfermedades de base. Diecisiete pacientes presentaron enfermedad intestinal crónica con diarrea (57 por ciento), era asintomática y fue sospechada por la eosinofilia periférica (n: 7, 23 por ciento) y se clasificó como síndrome de hiperinfestación (n: 6, 20 por ciento) diagnosticado por la identificación de larvas en la materia fecal y secreciones broncopulmonares. Diecisiete pacientes (57 por ciento) presentaron eosinofilia periférica. El diagnóstico se efectuó por la visualización directa de las larvas en muestras de heces en fresco mediante la técnica de concentración de Baer-man (n: 20); por el examen copro-parasitológico seriado (n: 2) y por ambos métodos (n: 1); en líquido duodenal y materia fecal (n: 1) y por la identificación de larvas en materia fecal y secreciones respiratorias (n: 6). Letalidad global: 20 por ciento (6/30). Los pacientes con eosinofilia tuvieron una menor letalidad que aquellos sin esta respuesta (p < 0,001). No hubo correlación estadística entre la edad y la supervivencia. Sí fue significativa la correlación entre el recuento de CD4 y la letalidad, incluyendo 18 de los 21 pacientes seropositivos para VIH (p: 0,03). Finalmente, la correlación seropositividad para VIH y letalidad también fue significativa. Veintidós pacientes respondieron a la terapia antiparasitaria con ivermectina y evolucionaron favorablemente.

Acute meningoencephalomyelitis due to varicella-zoster virus in an AIDS patient: report of a case and review of the literature / Meningoencefalomielite aguda pelo vírus varicela-zoster em um paciente com AIDS: relato de um caso e revisão da literatura

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) meningoencephalomyelitis is a rare but severe neurological complication of VZV reactivation in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of an HIV-infected individual who developed an acute and severe meningoencephalomyelitis accompanied by a disseminated cutaneous eruption due to VZV. The presence of VZV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The patient started undergoing an intravenous acyclovir therapy with a mild recovery of neurological manifestations. Varicella-zoster virus should be included as a cause of acute meningoencephalomyelitis in patients with AIDS. Early diagnosis followed by specific therapy should modify the rapid and fulminant course for this kind of patients.

A meningoencefalomielite pelo vírus varicela-zoster (VVZ) é uma complicação neurológica rara mas grave da reativação do VVZ em pacientes imunocomprometidos. Nós relatamos o caso de um indivíduo infectado por HIV que desenvolveu uma meningoencefalomielite aguda e grave acompanhada por uma erupção cutânea por causa do VVZ. A presença do DNA do VVZ no líquor foi confirmada pela técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). O paciente iniciou uma terapia intravenosa com aciclovir com uma leve recuperação das manifestações neurológicas. O vírus varicela-zoster deve ser incluído como uma causa de meningoencefalomielite nos pacientes com AIDS. O diagnóstico precoce seguido por terapia específica pode modificar o curso rápido e fulminante deste tipo de pacientes.

Infección diseminada crónica con abscesos cerebralesmúltiples por Paracoccidioides brasiliensis / Chronic disseminated infection with multiple cerebralabscesses caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

La paracoccidioidomicosis es una micosis sistémica, endémica de áreas tropicales y subtropicales de América Central y del Sur, causada por un hongo dimorfo denominado Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. El compromiso del sistema nervioso central es una rara complicación de la forma diseminada crónica de la enfermedad y puede comprometer el cerebro, el cerebelo, el tronco cerebral y la médula espinal. La forma clínica más común de la neuroparacoccidioidomicosis es el granuloma o absceso cerebral y, con menos frecuencia, la meningoencefalitis crónica. Se presenta un paciente con diagnóstico de paracoccidioidomicosis diseminada crónica con múltiples lesiones cerebrales compatibles con abscesos. La biopsia estereotáxica seguida del estudio histopatológico y microbiológico del material obtenido de las lesiones permitió observar las levaduras redondeadas con los brotes característicos de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic systemic disease in subtropical areas of Central and South America caused by a dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Central nervous system involvement is a rare complication of the chronic disseminated disease that can affect the brain, cerebellum, brainstem and the spinal cord. The most frequent clinical form of neuroparacoccidiodomycosis is the cerebral abscess; with less frequency, the disease presents as a diffuse chronic meningoencephalitis. Here we present a patient with diagnosis of disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis and multiple cerebral lesions compatible with abscesses. Stereotactic biopsy followed by the microbiological and histopathological examination of the smears showed the characteristic yeast cells that confirmed the diagnosis of neuroparacoccidioidomycosis.

[Primary central nervous system lymphomas in AIDS patients]. / Linfomas primarios del sistema nervioso central en pacientes con sida.

INTRODUCTION: Primary lymphoma is the most common neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS) in AIDS patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings, diagnostic methods used, histological characteristics, detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA by PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain smears, and outcome of 18 HIV/AIDS patients with primary CNS lymphoma. RESULTS: The overall incidence of primary CNS lymphoma was 2.6%. Fifteen were men and mean age was 33.6 years. The most frequent clinical findings were focal neurological deficits and seizures. The mean CD4 T cell count at the time of diagnosis was 44 cells/microl. Primary CNS lymphoma presented as single, large (> 2.5 cm) lesions in 14 patients (77.8%). All the lesions were associated with a mass effect and surrounding edema. EBV DNA was detected in nine brain smears. In seven of these nine cases, EBV DNA was also found in CSF by PCR. Median survival after specific diagnosis was 75 days. CONCLUSIONS: This study upholds a link between EBV and these tumors. Primary CNS lymphoma was associated with a poor prognosis and short survival in this cohort of patients.

Tuberculosis prostática en un paciente con SIDA. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / No disponible

La glándula prostática es una localización poco frecuente de la tuberculosis, pero su incidencia se ha incrementado en relación con la epidemia de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Se presenta el caso de un paciente con sida y TB diseminada con compromiso del aparato genitourinario. La ecografía transrectal de la próstata permitió observar la existencia de una imagen hipoecoica compatible con un absceso de la glándula. En los cultivos de muestras de esputo y orina así como en el material obtenido por punción dirigida con aguja fina bajo control ecográfico del absceso prostático se observó Mycobacterium tuberculosis. El tratamiento antituberculoso se asoció con una buena respuesta clínica así como con la reducción marcada del tamaño del absceso prostático (AU)

Prostatic tuberculosis (TB) is a rare location of extrapulmonary tuberculosis which has shownan increased incidence associated with the human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and AIDS. Here we describe a case of genitourinary TB in an AIDS patient; transrectal ultrasound showed a single hypoechoic area compatible with abscess. Sputum, urine specimens and the fine needle aspiration of prostate abscess were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antituberculoustreatment was started with a good clinical and ecographic response (AU)