Subject(s)
Epidemiology/history , Epidemiologic Methods , History, 20th Century , Humans , United Kingdom , United StatesSubject(s)
Research , Information Systems , Pan American Health Organization , Latin America , Caribbean RegionABSTRACT
Estudo sobre assistência perinatal destinado a examinar os padröes de utilizaçäo dos serviços de atençäo à saúde de que dispöem as mulheres pertencentes a distintos grupos sociais e expostas a diferentes riscos da gestaçäo. Discute alguns resultados do estudo epidemiológico realizado em Pelotas em 1982, que permitiram investigar os fatores determinantes dos padröes de utilizaçäo dos serviços de atençäo à saúde, especialmente sobre a prática de cesáreas
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Humans , Female , Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data , Fees, Medical , Maternal Health Services , Health Policy , Incidence , Natural Childbirth , Postnatal Care , Prenatal Care , Risk GroupsABSTRACT
While the health status of individuals depends on many factors-ranging from the cultural, environmental, economic, and political context of society at large to personal behavioral, occupational, and nutritional considerations-of paramount importance are the services that society provides in response to the health problems and needs of its population. Since the 19th century, health services have evolved in response to changes in medicine, epidemiology, and the investigative tools used to explore biomédical events and attributes in general populations or defined groups within populations; today they have coalesced into hierarchical, cooperative, and partially integrated, coordinated configurations that vary from country to country. For its part, health services research, a relatively recent field of scholarship, comprises a wide range of áreas of interest including, but not limited to, clinical epidemiology, technology assessment, clinical decision analysis, operations research, health economics, médical sociology, and médical anthropology. This anthology attemps both to illustrate the develoment of the field throughout the 20th century, especially in the Américas, and to provide a selection fo some of the most representative article on the various topics covered in the health services research literature. Because health institutions and services need improvements in various respects, many of the articles included in this volume deal with the equity, efficacy, effectiveness, and quality of health services. Others expound quantitatively on the development or application of appropriate research methods. Still others represent what were at the time of their públication significant contributions to an understanding of the policies, organization, and practice of health sevices. Together the 100 articles in this collection will prove instructive and valuable to scientists, health policymakers, producers and consumers of health services, as well as to students in the field
Subject(s)
Health Services Research , Quality of Health Care , Delivery of Health Care , Health Policy , Research , Health ResourcesABSTRACT
While the health status of individuals depends on many factors-ranging from the cultural, environmental, economic, and political context of society at large to personal behavioral, occupational, and nutritional considerations-of paramount importance are the services that society provides in response to the health problems and needs of its population. Since the 19th century, health services have evolved in response to changes in medicine, epidemiology, and the investigative tools used to explore biomedical events and attributes in general populations or defined groups within populations; today they have coalesced into hierarchical, cooperative, and partially integrated, coordinated configurations that vary from country to country. For its part, health services research, a relatively recent field of scholarship, comprises a wide range of areas of interest including, but not limited to, clinical epidemiology, technology assessment, clinical decision analysis, operations research, health economics, medical sociology, and medical anthropology. This anthology attemps both to illustrate the develoment of the field throughout the 20th century, especially in the Americas, and to provide a selection fo some of the most representative article on the various topics covered in the health services research literature. Because health institutions and services need improvements in various respects, many of the articles included in this volume deal with the equity, efficacy, effectiveness, and quality of health services. Others expound quantitatively on the development or application of appropriate research methods. Still others represent what were at the time of their publication significant contributions to an understanding of the policies, organization, and practice of health sevices. Together the 100 articles in this collection will prove instructive and valuable to scientists, health policymakers, producers and consumers of health services, as well as to students in the field