A smartphone-based multichannel magnetoelastic immunosensor for acute aortic dissection supplementary diagnosis.

Some biomarkers of acute aortic dissection (AAD) can be used for the potential supplementary diagnosis of AAD, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SmMHC), and D-dimer (D-D). However, the current measurement methods for common markers primarily rely on sophisticated instruments. The operation process is complicated, and the reagents used are expensive. To provide chronic disease monitoring and home self-examination services for potential AAD patients in real time, we developed a smartphone-based multichannel magnetoelastic (ME) immunosensing device to detect protein levels. Our immunosensor reduced the aforementioned restrictions and demonstrated excellent performance for the supplementary diagnosis of AAD. In this paper, we successfully combined the intelligent terminal with the hardware system to sample the resonance frequency shift (RFS) on the multichannel ME immunosensor. According to the target detection objects with their respective antibodies in the immune binding response, multiple experiments were conducted to detect multiple groups of samples, and we found that a CRP concentration, a SmMHC concentration, and a D-D concentration in the range of 0.1-100µg/mL, 1-4ng/mL, and 0.25-5µg/mL were linearly proportional to the RFS of the ME immunosensor, respectively. For CRP, SmMHC, and D-D, the sensitivities were 13.37Hz/µg∙mL-1, 155.19Hz/ng∙mL-1, and 332.72Hz/µg∙mL-1, respectively, and the detection limits were 2.634×10-3µg/mL, 1.155×10-2ng/mL, and 3.687×10-3µg/mL, respectively. The experiments demonstrated that the accuracy and stability of our device were comparable to those of the vector network analyzer (VNA, Calibration instrument).

A cost-effective smartphone-based device for rapid C-reaction protein (CRP) detection using magnetoelastic immunosensor.

C-Reaction protein (CRP) is a marker of nonspecific immunity for vital signs and wound assessment, and it can be used to diagnose infections in clinical medicine. However, measuring CRP level currently requires hospital-based instruments, high-cost reagents, and a complex process, all of which have limited its full capabilities for self-detection, a growing trend in modern medicine. In this study, we developed a novel smartphone-based device using advanced methods of magnetoelastic immunosensing to mitigate these limitations. We combined a system-on-chip (SoC) hardware architecture with smartphone apps to realize the sampling of resonance frequency shift on magnetoelastic chips, which can determine the ultra-sensitivity to mass change caused by the binding of anti-CRP antibody and CRP. Through detecting a multi-group of samples, we found that the resonance frequency shift was linearly proportional to the CRP concentration in the range from 0.1 to 100 µg mL-1, with a sensitivity of 12.90 Hz µg-1 mL-1 and a detection limit of 2.349 × 10-4 µg mL-1. Meanwhile, compared with the large-scale instrument used in clinical settings, the performance of our device was stable and significantly more portable, rapid and cost-effective, offering excellent potential for modern home-based diagnosis.