Overweight with HBV infection limited the efficacy of TACE in hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting the upregulated HMGB1.

BACKGROUND: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an effective treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the impact of hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection and body mass index (BMI) on TACE is controversial. The present study aimed to compare the influence of HBV and high BMI on TACE outcomes in advanced HCC. METHODS: Based on HBV infection history and BMI, patients were assigned to different subgroups. Blood samples were collected and analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS) in the population. RESULTS: Compared to overweight combined HBV patients who received TACE, people with normal weight or no viral infection had significantly better OS and PFS. Sex, age, portal vein tumor thrombus, BCLC, ECOG, and tumor diameter are the main risk factors affecting PFS and OS. Except for the postoperative fever, no significant difference was detected in adverse reactions. Irrespective of TACE, the average expression of HMGB1 in hepatitis or obesity patients was higher than that in normal individuals and did not show upregulation after TACE. Patients without overweight or HBV infection had a low expression of serum HMGB1 that was substantially upregulated after TACE. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, overweight combined HBV infection patients had shorter PFS and OS than other HCC patients. Thus, HBV and BMI maybe two factors affecting the efficacy of TACE via upregulated HMGB1.

Effect of birth asphyxia on neonatal blood glucose during the early postnatal life: A multi-center study in Hubei Province, China.

BACKGROUND: Birth asphyxia causes hypoxia or inadequate perfusion to the organs of newborns, leading to metabolism dysfunctions including blood glucose disorders. METHODS: Neonates with and without birth asphyxia were retrospectively recruited from 53 hospitals in Hubei Province from January 1 to December 31, 2018. In summary, 875, 1139, and 180 cases in the control group, the mild asphyxia group, and the severe asphyxia group were recruited, respectively. Neonatal blood glucose values at postnatal 1, 2, 6, and 12 h (time error within 0.5 h was allowed) were gathered from the medical records. RESULTS: The incidence rates of hyperglycemia in the control group, the mild asphyxia group and the severe asphyxia group were 2.97%, 7.90%, and 23.33%, respectively (p < 0.001). Additionally, the incidence rates of hypoglycemia in the three groups above were 3.66%, 4.13%, and 7.78%, respectively (p = 0.042). The blood glucose values of neonates with hypoglycemia in the asphyxia group were lower than in the control group (p = 0.003). Furthermore, the blood glucose values of neonates with hyperglycemia were highest in the severe asphyxia group (p < 0.001). There were 778 and 117 cases with blood glucose records at four predefined time points in the mild and severe asphyxia group, respectively. The incidence of blood glucose disorders in the mild asphyxia group significantly decreased from postnatal 6 h (p＜0.05). However, we found no obvious changes of the incidence of glucose disorders within postnatal 12 h in the severe asphyxia group (p = 0.589). CONCLUSION: Birth asphyxia is likely to cause neonatal blood glucose disorders, both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, during the early postnatal life. The neonates with severe asphyxia have higher incidence, worse severity and longer duration of blood glucose disorders than neonates with mild asphyxia.

[Quantitative analysis of goose and duck mixed down using visible/NIR spectroscopy].

Goose down and duck down have very similar appearance but the quality of goose down is better than that of duck down in general. There is a highest allowable limit as specified by the various national standards of feather and down for the percentage of duck feather or down mixed in goose feather or down. Traditional detection method, manual inspection with a high-scale microscope, is labor intensive and not suitable for large-volume samples analysis and on-site rapid testing. In the present paper, visible/near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with successive projection algorithm (SPA) for characteristic wavelengths selection was used to determinate the content of duck down mixed in goose down. In the range of 450-930 nm, the multiple linear regression (MLR) model established with the 8 characteristic wavelengths selected by SPA achieved good prediction, the correlation coefficient of 0.983, root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 5.44%, and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 5.75%. Therefore, it is expected to be used for rapid detection of feather and down quality in future.

[Screen and validation of differentially expressing genes related to silicotic pulmonary fibrosis in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To screen the differentially expressing genes between silicotic lung tissue and normal lung tissue, to identify the differentially expressing genes of matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) and Cathepsin E and to explore the roles of those genes in silicosis development. METHODS: Thirty male SD rats were divided randomly into two groups: control group (6 rats) and exposure group (24 rats) which was exposed to SiO2 by intra-tracheal perfusion. On the 30 th, 60 th and 90 th days after exposure, 8 rats in model group and 2 rats in control group were executed and the lung tissues were obtained. The morphologic changes of lung tissues were observed with HE staining and VG staining under a light microscope. The gene microarrays were used to identify differentially expressing genes of lung tissues in rats exposed to SiO2 for 60 days. Two significantly up-regulated genes, MMP-12 and Cathepsin E, were validated using RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western Blot assay. RESULTS: A total of 338 differentially expressing genes were identified from the 26 962 genes between silicotic rats and normal rats, including 267 up-regulated genes and 71 down-regulated genes. The results of RT-PCR showed that in the lung tissues of exposure group on the 30 th, 60 th and 90 th days, the mRNA expression levels of MMP-12 were 4.306, 5.338, 6.713 times higher than those in the control group, the mRNA expression levels of Cathepsin E were 1.434, 2.974, 3.889 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. The results of immunohistochemical showed that in the lung tissues of exposure group on the 30th, 60th and 90th days, the mRNA expression levels of MMP-12 were 1.435, 1.746, 2.069 times higher than those in the control group, the mRNA expression levels of Cathepsin E were 1.372, 1.663, 2.103 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. The results of immunohistochemical showed that in the lung tissues of exposure group on the 30th, 60th and 90th days, the expression levels of MMP-12 protein were 1.214, 1.531, 1.959 times higher than those in the control group, the expression levels of Cathepsin E protein were 1.262, 1.828, 1.907 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-12 and Cathepsin E in lung tissues of exposure group were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The differentially expressing genes in rat lung tissues screened by gene chip were validated, which suggested that a complex gene regulatory network may be contributed to occurrence of silicosis. MMP-12 and Cathepsin E genes may be involved in the development of silicotic pulmonary fibrosis by degrading the basement membrane of alveolar wall and participating in the immune response.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the axilla with breast cancer: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Multiple primary malignant neoplasms refer to multiple tumors with different origins. They may be synchronous or metachronous. The incidence is 0.73%- 11.7%. Synchronous cases of breast cancer with sarcoma are rare. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we report a 78-year-old female patient admitted to hospital after accidental discovery of a left axillary mass. Preoperative examination revealed a breast mass. Pathology showed left breast cancer and left axillary sarcoma. The patient underwent surgery, endocrine therapy and radiotherapy. She has been followed up for 1 year, and no local recurrence or distant metastasis was observed. CONCLUSION: Attention should be paid to multiple primary malignant neoplasms, not limited to the current diagnosis and analysis, avoiding missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

Traditional Chinese medicine ointment combined with tuina therapy in treatment of pain and swelling after total knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: The most effective treatment for knee joint pain is total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but the risk of pain and swelling in patients after surgery is high. Ice application, ankle pump exercise and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers are the primary clinical treatments after surgery. However, long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers can easily cause gastrointestinal damage. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ointments and tuina therapy integrate TCM and manipulation, which effectively promotes the penetration of TCM into the skin lesions, improves local blood circulation and inflammatory reaction and has good long-term effects on patients. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of TCM ointment combined with tuina therapy in the treatment of pain and swelling after TKA. METHODS: The randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 80 patients who underwent TKA via the same procedure. The patients were randomly divided among the treatment group (n = 40) and the control group (n = 40). The control group was given an analgesia pump in addition to oral painkillers as the postoperative intervention. The treatment group received TCM ointment with tuina therapy in addition to the analgesia pump and oral painkillers in the postoperative period. The following variables were recorded 3 d before surgery and 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after surgery: Visual analogue scale (VAS) score; skin temperature; circumferences at 15 cm above and below the patella; maximum active knee flexion angle; and the knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome score (KOOS). RESULTS: After treatment, VAS was significantly lower in the treatment group than the control group at 7 d (t = 7.536, P < 0.001) and 14 d (t = 8.563, P < 0.001). The skin temperature of participants in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 7 d (t = 2.968, P = 0.004) and 14 d (t = 4.423, P < 0.001). The circumference values of the two positions in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group at 7 d [t = 2.315, P = 0.023 (above); t = 2.121, P = 0.037 (below)] and 14 d [t = 2.374, P = 0.020 (above); t = 2.095, P = 0.039 (below)]. After 14 d of treatment, the maximum active knee flexion angle and KOOS of the two groups were significantly improved but were significantly higher in the treatment group (P < 0.05 for both). CONCLUSION: TCM ointment and tuina therapy have significant advantages over standard care in the treatment of pain and swelling after TKA. This additional treatment may improve knee function but additional studies are needed to confirm our observations.

HMGB1, the Next Predictor of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer?

HMGB1 is an important mediator of inflammation during ischemia-reperfusion injury on organs. The serum expression of HMGB1 was increased significantly on the 1st day after TACE and decreased significantly which was lower on the 30th day after TACE. Tumor markers of post-DEB-TACE decreased significantly. The correlational analysis showed that patients with low HMGB1 expression had lower risks of fever and liver injury compared those with the higher expression, while the ORR is relatively worse. Patients with lower expression of HMGB1 had longer PFS, better efficacy, and higher quality of life. With the high post-expression, the low expression had lower incidence of fever and liver injury too. There was no statistical difference in the one-year survival among the different groups. The quality of life of all patients was improved significantly. The over-expression of HMGB1 in LMCRC is an adverse prognostic feature and a positive predictor of response to TACE.

On-site variety discrimination of tomato plant using visible-near infrared reflectance spectroscopy.

The use of visible-near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was explored as a tool to discriminate two new tomato plant varieties in China (Zheza205 and Zheza207). In this study, 82 top-canopy leaves of Zheza205 and 86 top-canopy leaves of Zheza207 were measured in visible-NIR reflectance mode. Discriminant models were developed using principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA), and discriminant partial least squares (DPLS) regression methods. After outliers detection, the samples were randomly split into two sets, one used as a calibration set (n=82) and the remaining samples as a validation set (n=82). When predicting the variety of the samples in validation set, the classification correctness of the DPLS model after optimizing spectral pretreatment was up to 93%. The DPLS model with raw spectra after multiplicative scatter correction and Savitzky-Golay filter smoothing pretreatments had the best satisfactory calibration and prediction abilities (correlation coefficient of calibration (R(c))=0.920, root mean square errors of calibration=0.196, and root mean square errors of prediction=0.216). The results show that visible-NIR spectroscopy might be a suitable alternative tool to discriminate tomato plant varieties on-site.

[Progress in application of near infrared spectroscopy to nondestructive on-line detection of products/food quality].

Increasing safety events caused by products/food quality problems has caught more and more attention, therefore non-destructive fast detection of products/food quality becomes necessary. At present, fast detection methods commonly used include chemical colorimetric method, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique, immunoassay method, bio-sensor technique, biomicroarray method, bioluminescence method, and so on. NIRS technique has found wide application in products/food quality detection because of its characteristics such as very high speed, no sample preparation, non-destruction, no pollution, low cost etc. Many research works have been done on products/food quality detection using NIRS technique both home and abroad, from static laboratory investigations to online investigations. In the present paper, basic knowledge of NIRS and its analysis process were briefly introduced. The applications of NIRS technique in online quality detection and control of fruit, fish, meat, milk, grain, fermentation of cheese and alcohol etc were reviewed. Finally, the existing problems of NIRS were pointed out and the prospect of NIRS technique was discussed. In the future, NIRS technique will combine with network technique to realize online update and upgrade of NIR models. And spectral imaging technique will be the development trend of NIRS technique in the 21st century.

[NIR spectroscopy based on least square support vector machines for quality prediction of tomato juice].

The application of least square support vector machines (LS-SVM) regression method based on statistics study theory to the analysis with near infrared (NIR) spectra of tomato juice was introduced in the present paper. In this method, LS-SVM was used for establishing model of spectral analysis, and was applied to predict the sugar contents (SC) and available acid (VA) in tomato juice samples. NIR transmission spectra of tomato juice were measured in the spectral range of 800-2,500 nm using InGaAs detector. The radial basis function (RBF) was adopted as a kernel function of LS-SVM. Sixty seven tomato juice samples were used as calibration set, and thirty three samples were used as validation set. The results of the method for sugar contents (SC) and available acid (VA) prediction were: a high correlation coefficient of 0.9903 and 0.9675, and a low root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0056 degree Brix and 0.0245, respectively. And compared to PLS and PCR methods, the performance of the LSSVM method was better. The results indicated that it was possible to built statistic models to quantify some common components in tomato juice using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and least square support vector machines (LS-SVM) regression method as a nonlinear multivariate calibration procedure, and LS-SVM could be a rapid and accurate method for juice components determination based on NIR spectra.

[Effect of pathlength variation on the NIR spectra for quality evaluation of chinese rice wine].

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics were applied to determine the effect of pathlength variation on the spectra of the Chinese rice wine and the consequences of the prediction precision of calibration models developed for measuring alcoholic degree, sugar content, and pH was investigated in the present research Samples were scanned in transmission mode using a commercial FT-NIR spectrometer and a demountable liquid cell for versatile path length liquid sampling. By comparing the results of performance between models based on different optical pathlength (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mm), the best indicators of optical pathlength were identified. Based on the optimum pathlength, the models for alcoholic degree, sugar content and pH were established. The best optical pathlength for the alcoholic degree was 2 mm, using partial least squares regression (PLSR) model with the original spectra, correlation coefficient (r) was 0.942, root mean standard error of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean standard error of cross-validation (RMESCV) were 0.256 (%, (phi)) and 0.292 (%, (phi)), respectively; the best optical pathlength for the sugar content was 1 mm, using PLSR model with the original spectra, r was 0.945, and RMSEC and RMESCV were 0.125% and 0.149%, respectively; the best optical pathlength for the pH was 2 mm, using PLSR model with the original spectra, r was 0.947, and RMSEC and RMESCV were 0.018 and 0.039, respectively. This study showed that pathlength variation had influence on the performance of calibration models for Chinese rice wine, and a suitable pathlength could effectively improve detection accuracy.

[Study on classification of ethylene treated and non-ethylene treated watermelons by visible/near infrared spectroscopy].

According to the fact that farmers often picked unripe watermelon and treated them with high concentration ethylene to quicken ripeness, classification experiments on the two classes of watermelon mentioned above were conducted based on the Vis/NIR spectroscopy diffuse transmittance technique. In the discriminant analysis, a method to classify them by diffuse transmittance ration at two wavelengths was adopted to discriminate them. Result of mistake ratio 32.5% for samples without ethylene treatment and 20% for ethylene treatment samples indicated that this method could discriminate the two classes of watermelons roughly. Mahalanobis distance and partial least square methods were also used here for discriminant analysis and satisfied results were obtained. The first derivative spectra with Norris derivative filtering of samples without being ethylene-treated using Mahalanobis distance discriminant analysis got the result of mistake ratio 1.67% for calibration set, no mistake for prediction set and no mistake for samples being ethylene treated. No mistake took place for the second derivative spectra using partial least square method. In discriminant analysis, spectral data pretreatment methods influence the discriminant results and it should be selected according to the analysis methods.

[Study on Vis/NIR spectra detecting system for watermelons and quality predicting in motion].

To make Vis/NIR diffuse transmittance technique applied to quality prediction for watermelon in motion, the dynamic spectra detecting system was rebuilt. Spectra detecting experiments were conducted and the effects of noises caused by motion on spectra were analyzed. Then the least--square filtering method and Norris differential filtering method were adopted to eliminate the effects of noise on spectra smoothing, and statistical models between the spectra and soluble solids content were developed using partial least square method. The performance of different models was assessed in terms of correlation coefficients (r) of validation set of samples, root mean square errors of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP). Calibration and prediction results indicated that Norris differential method was an effective method to smooth spectra and improve calibration and prediction results, especially, with r of 0.895, RMSEC of 0.549, and RMSEP of 0.760 for the calibration and prediction result of the first derivative spectra.

[Visible/NIR analysis of fat, protein and water in chilled pork].

Fat, protein and water were determined by visible and NIR transmittance spectroscopy in chilled pork. After preprocessed by multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), the quantitative analysis models were developed based on the original, first derivative and second derivative spectra by using partial least squares (PLS) at the temperatures of 0-4 degrees C and 20 degrees C, respectively. By comparing the correlation coefficient (r), RMSEC, and SEP, we found that the first derivative model was the best, and the performance for 0-4 degrees C was better than that for 20 degrees C. At 0-4 degrees C and 20 degrees C, the correlation coefficients were 0.950 and 0.924 for fat, 0.713 and 0.455 for protein and 0.944 and 0.914 for water respectively, SEP values were 2.41 and 2.95 for fat, 5.44 and 4.25 for protein, and 2.37 and 2.38 for water respectively. The results showed that the visible and NIR analysis could measure the fat and water contents in chilled pork well, but was bad for protein, and this was caused by processing line of chilled pork. What's more, the spectrum offset was found in the original spectra at about 770 nm to be about 10 nm.

Analgesia of percutaneous thermal ablation plus cementoplasty for cancer bone metastases.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to review recent research related to the analgesic effect of ablation therapy combined with cementoplasty, as well as to identify the duration of analgesic effect and risk for cement leaks. METHODS: A systematic literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, and annual meeting proceedings of the oncology society and other organizations were conducted. RESULTS: Twelve retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria. Four of the studies included in the review assessed the changes immediately after treatment. Five studies were subjected to analyses of analgesic effect of combined percutaneous thermal ablation and Cementoplasty at 24 weeks after treatment. Incidences of leakage of bone cement during surgery were detected in 4 out of 12 studies. The change of mean pain scores at 1 days, at 1 week, and at 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after treatment were -3.90 (95% CI: -4.80 to -3.00), -4.55 (95% CI:-5.46 to -3.64), -4.78 (95% CI: -5.70 to -3.86), -5.16 (95% CI: -6.39 to -3.92), and -5.91 (95% CI: -6.63 to -5.19). The relative risk of cement leakage was 0.10 (95% CI: -6.63 to -5.19). CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review suggested that thermal ablation combined with cementoplasty could be a safe and effective intervention for the management of bone metastases-induced pain.

Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation in the treatment of thoracic cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation are frequently prescribed for thoracic cancer. However, few writers have been able to draw on any systematic research into the differences between the two ablation methods. METHODS: A literature search was carried out using Embase, PUBMED, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases, with additional searches carried out manually using terms associated with thoracic cancer and thermal ablation. Then we used Google Scholar for a complementary search. Data were extracted from studies of patients that underwent radiofrequency ablation or microwave ablation, and the investigator carried out efficacy evaluation and follow up. The data obtained from the literature were summarized and analyzed using Cochrane Revman software Version 5.3 and SPSS 22.0. RESULTS: There were seven comparative studies, but no randomized studies identified for data extraction; 246 patients received radiofrequency ablation therapy and 319 controls received microwave ablation. There was no significant difference in the six-month, one-year, two-year, and three-year survival rates, and adverse reactions were found in the two treatments. For patients' long-term survival rate, the two treatments can achieve a similar survival time. CONCLUSION: In the treatment of thoracic cancer, microwave ablation can achieve the same efficacy as radiofrequency ablation.

Application of NIR spectroscopy for firmness evaluation of peaches.

The use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was proved to be a useful tool for quality analysis of fruits. A bifurcated fiber type NIR spectrometer, with a detection range of 800~2500 nm by InGaAs detector, was used to evaluate the firmness of peaches. Anisotropy of NIR spectra and firmness of peaches in relation to detecting positions of different parts (including three latitudes and three longitudes) were investigated. Both spectra absorbency and firmness of peach were influenced by longitudes (i, ii, iii) and latitudes (A, B, C). For modeling, two thirds of the samples were used as the calibration set and the remaining one third were used as the validation or prediction set. Partial least square regression (PLSR) models for different longitude and latitude spectra and for the whole fruit show that collecting several NIR spectra from different longitudes and latitudes of a fruit for NIR calibration modeling can improve the modeling performance. In addition, proper spectra pretreatments like scattering correction or derivative also can enhance the modeling performance. The best results obtained in this study were from the holistic model with multiplicative scattering correction (MSC) pretreatment, with correlation coefficient of cross-validation r(cv)=0.864, root mean square error of cross-validation RMSECV=6.71 N, correlation coefficient of calibration r=0.948, root mean square error of calibration RMSEC=4.21 N and root mean square error of prediction RMSEP=5.42 N. The results of this study are useful for further research and application that when applying NIR spectroscopy for objectives with anisotropic differences, spectra and quality indices are necessarily measured from several parts of each object to improve the modeling performance.

[NIR analysis of textile natural raw material].

NIR technology has gained more and more attention of researchers because of its advantage of simplicity, quickness and non destructive property of detection. And combined with chemometrics method, it could remedy some disadvantages such as overlapping of peaks and feebleness of information. Now, NIR has been applied in many fields such as medicine and chemical industry. Textile is an important part in human life. With the development of society, people pay more attention to this field. Using microscope to discriminate textile fibre by man and using solution method to detect content of fibre are two main detection methods in textile national standards. These methods of discrimination demand a lot of training and practical experience. At the same time, many artificial factors in the process may result in different examination results of the same sample. In addition, they are time-consuming (6 hours on average) and not suitable for large quantity of sample detection. Therefore, doubtless finding another more quickly and nondestructive way to complete detection of textile fibre makes great sense. Compared with microscope method and chemical method, NIR technical could decrease test time down to about 30 seconds. Because the structure of natural fibre is more complex than artificial fibre, NIR application in this field is much more difficult and demands more experience. So many researches were done by experts domestically and abroad in this field. The scope of these researches includes differentiation of foreign substance in natural fibre such as wool, cotton, and silk; prediction of natural fibre content such as residual grease content, mean fibre diameter (MFD) and moisture content. The present paper focuses mainly on the application of NIR in the textile industry, especially the analysis of textile natural raw material, including discrimination of natural fibre variety and detection of foreign fibre.

[Comparison of PLS and SMLR for nondestructive determination of sugar content in honey peach using NIRS].

Nondestructive fruit quality assessment in packing houses can be carried out using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. However, in industrial process, some experimental conditions (e. g. temperature, fruit variety) cannot be strictly controlled and their changes would reduce the robustness of the NIR-based models. In the present paper, a total of 100 honey fruits from two super markets were used as experimental materials. Fifty honey fruits were stored at room temperature and the other fifty samples were stored at 0-4 degrees C. NIR diffuse reflectance spectra of the honey peaches were measured in the spectral range of 4 000-2 500 cm(-1) using InGaAs detector. After outlier diagnosis using leverage values and Dixon test and spectra data pretreatment with Norris derivative filter (segment length: 5, gap: 5), partial least square (PLS) regression with standard normal variate (SNV) transformation and stepwise multilinear regression (SMLR) with multiplicative scatter correction (MSV) were used to establish calibration models based on first derivative spectra. Comparing the two calibration methods of PLS and SMLR, the performances of the models developed by SMLR were found much better than that by PLS method. The best results for PLS models were: correlation coefficient of calibration (R(c)) = 0.965, root mean square errors of calibration (RMSEC) = 0.3010 Brix, correlation coefficient of cross-validation (R(cv)) = 0.812, root mean square errors of cross-validation (RMSECV) = 0.67 degrees Brix and ratio of standard deviation to root mean square errors of cross-validation (RPD) = 1.72, which were slightly worse than those for SMLR: R(c) = 0.929, RMSEC = 0.424 degrees Brix of calibration and R(cv) = 0.887, RMSECV = 0.532 degrees Brix of cross-validation and RPD = 2.16. The RPD values for SMLR models in three different spectral regions 4 290-7 817, 7 817-10 725 and 4 290-10 725 cm(-1) were: 1.97, 1.89 and 2.16, respectively. The performance of the model developed by SMLR in the 4 290-7 817 cm(-1) region was much better than that in the 7 817-10 725 cm(-1) region. The results indicated that the SMLR method could develop a good calibration model by selecting wavelengths insensitive to temperature and NIR spectra could be used for sugar content prediction of fruit samples with varied temperature when developing a global robust calibration model to cover the temperature range.

[Quantitative determination of soluble solid content in bayberry juice using near-infrared spectroscopy technique].

Near-infrared transmittance spectra of bayberry juice of different varieties in Zhejiang province were obtained and a quantitative analysis was carried out. Leverage value, studentized residue and sample's Mahalanobis distance were applied to detect the outlier sample, and different wave number ranges and resolutions were chosen for partial least squares (PLS) regression to abstract spectral information effectively. The best factor, resolution and optimum wave number range were determined. Analysis results show that one sample was an outlier and deleted, and the best model gave the relative high correlation coefficient of 0.957 85, RMSEC, RMSEP and RMSECV of 0.431, 0.925 and 1.07 degrees Brix, respectively, when the best wave number range was 4 000-12 267.46 cm(-1), and the best factor and resolution were 8 and 4 cm(-1), respectively. The results indicate that it is feasible to use NIR spectroscopy technique for quantitative analysis of bayberry juice soluble solid content.