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Cephalalgia ; 31(13): 1381-404, 2011 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22001640

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Data on the association between TNFα and TNFß gene polymorphisms and migraine are conflicting. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published until January 2011. We used data from published papers and as provided after contact with the authors. We calculated study specific odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) assuming additive, dominant, and recessive genetic models as well as pooled effect estimates. RESULTS: Among the ten studies identified, the best evidence is available for the TNFα -308G>A and TNFß 252A > G polymorphisms indicating no overall association with migraine. Subgroup analyses suggested that the A allele of the TNFα -308G > A variant more than doubles the risk for migraine among populations with a heterogeneous ethnic background, which was driven by associations for migraine without aura (additive model: pooled OR = 2.87, 95% CI 1.86-4.43). Further, the risk for migraine with aura was increased among Asian populations (additive model: pooled OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.07-2.71). Both observed effects were stronger among females than males. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate no overall association between TNFα and TNFß gene variants and migraine. However, associations differed among specific populations. Our findings need to be treated with caution and further targeted research is warranted to evaluate population-specific effects including population stratification.


Subject(s)
Lymphotoxin-alpha/genetics , Migraine Disorders/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics , Alleles , Case-Control Studies , Cohort Studies , Confidence Intervals , Cross-Sectional Studies , Ethnicity/genetics , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Humans , Male , Migraine Disorders/epidemiology , Migraine Disorders/ethnology , Models, Genetic , Odds Ratio , Sex Distribution
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