ABSTRACT
A novel formulation of tebuconazole in microemulsion state was prepared in this work. The microemulsion was formed due to the presence of a special system of surfactants, namely ethoxylated castor oil and fatty acid amides. Biological effect of suspension concentrate and microemulsion formulations of tebuconazole with the same concentration of active ingredient was investigated in the field experiments. The experiments demonstrated excellent efficiency of the microemulsion containing 60 g/l of tebuconazole against broad spectrum of crop diseases and infections including smut diseases, root rots and moulds in comparison to suspension concentrate at the same application rate.
Subject(s)
Crops, Agricultural , Fungicides, Industrial/pharmacology , Triazoles/pharmacology , Biological Assay , Crops, Agricultural/drug effects , Crops, Agricultural/growth & development , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Edible Grain/drug effects , Edible Grain/growth & development , Emulsions/pharmacology , Fungicides, Industrial/adverse effects , Germination , Particle Size , Seeds/drug effects , Seeds/growth & development , Solubility , Surface-Active Agents/pharmacology , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Triazoles/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The biological efficiency of systemic herbicide metribuzin in water dispersible granules (WG) and solution colloid concentrate (SCC) formulations was studied in field experiments. Metribuzin formulation in SCC state was prepared by the addition of a mixture of anionic and non-ionic surfactants and alkoxylated sorbitan esters as specific adjuvants. The ability of herbicide formulation containing Metribuzin in SCC state to provide increases in control of broadleaf and grassy weeds in comparison to WG was observed. The possibility to reduce application rate of Metribuzin from high-dose to low-dose without losing efficacy of weed control was demonstrated.
Subject(s)
Herbicides/pharmacology , Solanum tuberosum/growth & development , Triazines/pharmacology , Biological Assay , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Herbicides/adverse effects , Particle Size , Pesticide Residues/analysis , Solanum tuberosum/drug effects , Solubility , Surface-Active Agents/pharmacology , Treatment Outcome , Triazines/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The herbicidal action of Betanal Express (BPAM) on Chine jute (Abutilon theophrasti) weed was studied in the presence of a new plant growth regulator of urea type, N-phenyl-N-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)urea (PhenylTriazolylUrea, PTU). In the past years, Chine jute has become a major limiting factor in sugar beet production in the southern Russia due to its resistance to BPAM which is an essential herbicide widely used for sugar beet protection. When PTU was added to BPAM, the combination appeared to be more effective than the herbicide alone. The influence of phytohormone PTU was observed at very low application rate of 20-100 g/ha, thus herbicide dose in the ecosystem was reduced. The main visual signs of herbicidal action of the combination BPAM + PTU on Chine jute were inhibition of growth of overground plant and stem, leaves changes and sharp inhibition of root growth. No sugar beet injury was observed when this tank mixture was used. It was found that enhanced performance of the novel herbicide formulation is determined by increased herbicidal action of Ethofumesate, one of the active ingredients of BPAM.