ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of death, morbidity and disability worldwide. Infection is a common complication in the acute phase after stroke. Herpes zoster is a common viral disease, in which the most debilitating complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which can have a very large negative impact on quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate whether stroke increases the risk of herpes zoster. METHODS: This cohort study compared patients who had herpes zoster with and without a first incident of stroke. The Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database was utilized to identify 20,551 stroke patients and 20,551 controls matched for age, gender, age categories and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score categories at a one-to-one ratio. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were employed to estimate herpes zoster risk in the stroke group relative to general population. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the stroke group had a greater risk for herpes zoster, especially within 1 year after stroke (adjust HR = 25.27). Both hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke were significantly associated with herpes zoster (hemorrhagic type (IRR = 2.31, 95% CI, 1.67-3.20); ischemic type (IRR = 2.51, 95% CI 2.09-3.02)). However, the hemorrhagic stroke patients had a higher risk of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (IRR = 12.46, 95% CI 4.00-38.76) whereas the ischemic stroke patients had a higher risk of post-herpetic neuralgia (IRR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.56-3.20). CONCLUSION: Physicians should know about that adults with stroke have a higher than normal risk of herpes zoster. Thus, physicians must be acquainted with proper antiviral therapy and pain control to bring down the morbidity that ensues from herpes zoster. Use of herpes zoster vaccine may be considered in stroke patients.
Subject(s)
Herpes Zoster/epidemiology , Stroke/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Databases, Factual , Female , Herpes Zoster/classification , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Proportional Hazards Models , Quality of Life , Stroke/virology , Taiwan/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella (or chickenpox) and establishes latency in nerve ganglia after the primary infection. The reactivation of virus later in life can cause mono- or polyneuropathy. The cranial nerves most commonly involved are five (herpes zoster or shingles), six, seven eight, nine and ten. In the present study we describe the oral lesions associated with VZV infections in normal children. In a 3 year period we examined 62 children, age 2 to 13 years old with diagnosed varicella and a 4 year old boy with herpes zoster at the 3rd branch of the trigeminal nerve. According to the clinical picture of varicella, the disease was defined as: (1) group A mild cases; (2) group B moderate cases; (3) group C severe. The manifestations of varicella were: mild varicella 19 children, moderate 26 children and severe 17 children. The results of the present study indicate that the prevalence of oral manifestations of varicella is related to the severity of the disease. In 17 severe cases, oral lesions were always present and the number was between 5 to 30. From 26 moderate cases, oral lesions were observed in 23 and the number was between 2 to 10. From 19 mild cases, oral lesions were present only in 6 cases and their number was 1 or 2. Often varicella's oral lesions resemble manifestations of other entities, and this may cause differential diagnostics problems.
Subject(s)
Chickenpox/complications , Herpes Zoster/complications , Mouth Diseases/virology , Adolescent , Blister/virology , Chickenpox/classification , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Erythema/virology , Female , Herpes Zoster/classification , Humans , Male , Mouth Mucosa/virology , Oral Ulcer/virology , Prevalence , Rupture, Spontaneous , Tongue Diseases/virology , Trigeminal Nerve Diseases/virologyABSTRACT
The clinical types of herpes zoster in 286 patients were observed. The differences in the course of disease in persons with and without decreased immunity are described. Some of the neurological complications depending on the localization of the herpes zoster are presented.
Subject(s)
Herpes Zoster/classification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Herpes Zoster/complications , Herpes Zoster/immunology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nervous System Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
The clinical course of herpes zoster has been analysed in 132 in-patients and a variety of the clinical forms shown which were initially disguised as the internal diseases. In addition to typical variants, the following types of herpes zoster have been found: gangrenous, bullous, hemorrhagic and disseminated.
Subject(s)
Herpes Zoster/classification , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Herpes Zoster/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Herpes Zoster/diagnosis , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Herpes Zoster/classification , Humans , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
A 13-year-old boy presented with progressive pigmented purpura of Schamberg in an unusual zosteriform distribution. He recently has taken methylphenidate which has not been described as a cause of Schamberg disease. Many different skin diseases can present in a zosteriform distribution. They are reviewed systematically and sorted by pathogenetic criteria.
Subject(s)
Pigmentation Disorders/classification , Pigmentation Disorders/diagnosis , Adolescent , Diagnosis, Differential , Herpes Zoster/classification , Herpes Zoster/diagnosis , Herpes Zoster/therapy , Humans , Male , Pigmentation Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
O vírus varicela-zóster (VVZ) é um alfa-herpesvírus do gênero varicellovirus cuja característica mais marcante é a capacidade de estabelecer latência em células dos gânglios da raiz dorsal de nervos sensitivos após infecção primária. Compreende a varicela, infecção primária - doença exógena - que é a resposta do indivíduo sem imunidade, e o herpes zóster, doença endógena neurocutânea, que representa imunidade parcial e é causada pela reativação do vírus latente. A varicela é doença benigna, comum da infância, altamente contagiosa, que cursa com febre e erupção generalizada, vesiculosa, acompanhada de muito prurido. O herpes zóster é caracterizado por erupção vesicobolhosa localizada e dolorosa, envolvendo um ou mais dermátomos adjacentes, e causado pela reativação do VVX. Sua principal complicação é a neuragia pós-herpética. A incidência e a gravidade do herpes zóster aumentam com a idade e com o decréscimo da imunidade mediada por células
Subject(s)
Humans , Chickenpox/classification , Chickenpox/epidemiology , Chickenpox/physiopathology , Herpes Zoster/classification , Herpes Zoster/epidemiology , Herpes Zoster/physiopathology , Herpesvirus 3, Human , Chickenpox Vaccine , Herpesvirus 3, Human/classification , Herpesvirus 3, Human/immunologyABSTRACT
El Herpes Zóster es una infección producida por el virus Varicela - Zoster, siendo el único virus herpes capaz de producir dos cuadros diferentes: Varicela, como una enfermedad eruptiva de la infancia y Zóster, como una virosis de la edad adulta o de la senectud. En nuestro país, ha sido un problema poco estudiado y no se cuenta con investigaciones que reflejen el comportamiento real en el Centro Dermatológico Nacional "Dr. Francisco José Gómez Urcuyo", se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, no probalilístico con el objetivo de determinar el comportamiento clínico y terapéutico del Herpes Zóster. El universo lo conformaron 721 pacientes que fueron atendidos por primera vez en la consulta externa con diagnóstico de Herpes Zóster, la muestra fue constituida por 614 pacientes en los que se encontraron todos los datos completos. Dentro de los principales resultados, 326 pacientes fueron del sexo femenino y 286 masculinos. La gran mayoría de los pacientes (94 porciento) procedían del área urbana y sólo un 6 porciento eraan del área rural. 270 (45 porciento) fueron mayores de 50 años...