Safety Aspects of Perinatal Ultrasound.

Ultrasound safety is of particular importance in fetal and neonatal scanning. Fetal tissues are vulnerable and often still developing, the scanning depth may be low, and potential biological effects have been insufficiently investigated. On the other hand, the clinical benefit may be considerable. The perinatal period is probably less vulnerable than the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, and ultrasound is often a safer alternative to other diagnostic imaging modalities. Here we present step-by-step procedures for obtaining clinically relevant images while maintaining ultrasound safety. We briefly discuss the current status of the field of ultrasound safety, with special attention to the safety of novel modalities, safety considerations when ultrasound is employed for research and education, and ultrasound of particularly vulnerable tissues, such as the neonatal lung. This CME is prepared by ECMUS, the safety committee of EFSUMB, with contributions from OB/GYN clinicians with a special interest in ultrasound safety.

EFSUMB Clinical Safety Statement for Diagnostic Ultrasound - (2019 revision).

This document is the updated 2019 revision of the EFSUMB Clinically Safety Statement. A Safety Statement has been published by EFSUMB annually since 1994 by the Safety Committee (ECMUS) of the federation. The text is deliberately brief and gives a concise overview of safety in the use of diagnostic ultrasound.

The effects of intermittent hypoxia training on hematological and aerobic performance in triathletes.

The aim of the present research was to analyze modifications on hematological and aerobic performance parameters after a 7-week intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) program. Eighteen male trained triathletes were divided in two groups: an intermittent hypoxia training group (IHTG: n: 9; 26.0 ± 6.7 years; 173.3 ± 5.9 cm; 66.4 ± 5.9 kg; VO2max: 59.5 ± 5.0 ml/kg/min) that conducted a normoxic training plus an IHT and a control group (CG: n: 9; 29.3 ± 6.8 years; 174.9 ± 4.6 cm; 59.7 ± 6.8 kg; VO2max: 58.9 ± 4.5 ml/kg/min) that performed only a normoxic training. Training process was standardized across the two groups. The IHT program consisted of two 60-min sessions per week at intensities over the anaerobic threshold and atmospheric conditions between 14.5 and 15% FiO2. Before and after the 7-week training, aerobic performance in an incremental running test and hematological parameters were analyzed. After this training program, the IHTG showed higher hemoglobin and erythrocytes (p < 0.05) values than in the CG. In terms of physiological and performance variables, between the two groups no changes were found. The addition of an IHT program to normoxic training caused an improvement in hematological parameters but aerobic performance and physiological variables compared to similar training under normoxic conditions did not increase.

Effect of 6 weeks of whole body vibration training on total and segmental body composition in healthy young adults.

The applied use of new technologies to enhance performance and improve health has been increasing. Initially, whole body vibration training (WBVT) was used as system to improve elite athlete performance. However, this is also used to improve body composition, especially there is a great attention on the effectiveness of WBVT to reduce fat and body weight, with a potential increase in muscle tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 6-week vibration-training program on total and segmental body composition in a group of physically healthy participants. The final study sample included 64 healthy young adults. Subjects were randomly allocated into the control group (CG: n = 26; 16 males and 10 females) and the experimental group (EGWBVT: n = 38; 19 males and 19 females). The program lasted six weeks with a frequency of three sessions per week and each session varied in intensity. There were not found statistically significant differences in any of the body composition variables analysed. This study suggests that a six-week vibration-training program with an increasing intensity (7.2 g-32.6 g) in healthy young adults that are not overweight did not alter total and segmental body composition.

Validación clínico-estadística de cuantificación de superficies en úlceras por presión / Clinical-statistical validation of the quantification of bedsore surface

En el campo de los cuidados de enfermería dispensados a los pacientes portadores de úlceras por presión es necesario destacar los que inciden en el control y evolución de dichas lesiones mediante la medición y cuantificación de las superficies cutáneas que se ven incursas en la situación mencionada. En la bibliografía se recogen diversas alternativas para dar satisfacción a dicho requerimiento. Nosotros planteamos en este trabajo un estudio comparativo de diversos métodos de medición de las superficies cutáneas, en los pacientes afectos de úlceras por presión, que nos ha permitido descartar alguno de ellos tras el análisis estadístico correspondiente de las diversas variables. Por el contrario, con respecto a otros métodos de medición de superficies ulcerativas hemos comprobado su validación estadística aunque alguno de los utilizados ha mostrado menos exactitud que otro propuesto por nosotros concluyendo, finalmente, que es necesario aplicar un método que permita al profesional de enfermería alcanzar objetivos de rapidez, eficacia y fiabilidad así como la posibilidad del registro protocolizado (AU)

Dependencia en el anciano artrósico e intervención enfermera / Dependency in the arthrosic elderly and nursing intervention

La artrosis como enfermedad degenerativa osteoarticular incide de forma directa en la capacidad de independencia del individuo, sobre todo en el anciano. En este último se complejiza enormemente la respuesta ante la necesidad de desplazarse o de moverse condicionada, no ya solamente por factores orgánicos y fisiológicos, sino que, además, se intercalan aspectos de carácter psicológico, económico, social, cultural, etc. que convierten, no ya la necesidad sino incluso el placer del movimiento, en una verdadera tortura para el anciano amén de restar, considerablemente, su capacidad de independencia. Realizamos en el presente trabajo una valoración de dichos condicionantes en pacientes ancianos tributarios de tratamiento protésico en las articulaciones de la cadera y la rodilla, al tiempo que comprobamos la necesidad de implementar actuaciones enfermeras, en este tipo de pacientes, que rentabilicen mejor los recursos terapéuticos a través de una adecuada educación para la salud. (AU)

Movimiento versus ayudas técnicas en el anciano / Movement versus technique helps in the old man

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