Long term efficacy of prosthetic inguinal herniorrhaphy concomitant with robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

PURPOSE: Patients who undergo robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) may present concurrent or secondary inguinal hernia (IH). Surgical repair of IH simultaneously with RARP has been reported. We aimed to assess the long-term efficacy of concurrent prosthetic IH repair with RARP. METHODS: Data for consecutive patients undergoing concurrent IH repair with RARP for localized prostate cancer at our institution between 2006 and 2017 were retrospectively analysed. Patients were matched based on age, BMI, and year of surgery, with patients undergoing RARP alone. IH repair was performed with a polyester mesh. Efficacy of IH repair was the primary outcome. Patient characteristics, perioperative data, recurrence and treatment were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 136 men were included, 50% treated by RARP and concurrent IH, 50% by RARP alone. Mean age was 65 years (SD 6) and mean BMI 26.8 (SD 2.5). IH was diagnosed preoperatively in 42 patients (62%) or intraoperatively in 26 patients (38%). A total 18 patients (26%) had bilateral hernias and 50 patients had unilateral hernias (right 31%, left 43%). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding perioperative data. The herniorrhaphy added 34 min to the operative time (p < 0.001). After a mean follow-up of 106 months [SD 38], 9 patients (13%) presented recurrence of IH, with a mean time to recurrence of 43 months [SD 35]. Age was significantly associated with IH recurrence (p = 0.0007). CONCLUSION: Concomitant IH repair and RARP appear to be a safe procedure with good long-term safety and efficacy, without significantly increasing morbidity.

[Urology]. / Urologie.

Over the last year, urologic progress remains driven by the quick technologic evolution, with a focus on Laser and robotics. The latter appears to potentially contribute to the drift towards ambulatory surgery, in particular for distinct sub-populations harbouring kidney or prostate cancer. The Da Vinci robot appears also to increase the drive towards minimally invasiveness with respect to female incontinence and the laparoscopic placement of an artificial urethral sphincter. Last, a new Laser is in the midst to offer its polyvalence in terms of endoscopic stone surgery, so as that of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Facing this technologic pressure, it remains of utmost importance to scrupulously validate on a short so as longer-term basis the true hoped advantages.

Les progrès urologiques de cette dernière année restent, comme l'année précédente, sous le sceau des rapides avancées technologiques, notamment celles du laser et de la robotique. Cette dernière va contribuer à faire évoluer la chirurgie ambulatoire, notamment pour certaines interventions et sous-populations de malades porteurs d'un cancer du rein ou de la prostate. Elle est également en train d'exercer une nouvelle percée dans le domaine de l'incontinence féminine, en ce qui concerne la mise en place du sphincter urétral artificiel. Enfin, un nouveau laser est sur le point d'offrir sa polyvalence en termes de chirurgie endoscopique lithiasique ainsi que celle de l'hypertrophie bénigne de la prostate. Face à cette pression technologique, il faut rigoureusement valider à court et moyen termes les véritables avantages espérés.

[Evolution and miniaturization of percutaneous nephrolithotomy]. / Évolution et miniaturisation de la néphrolithotomie percutanée.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was at first indicated for larger renal stones. Technological progress allowed a significant improvement of the available equipment, mostly to miniaturize the devices. However, this should not affect the stone clearance. Many different techniques arised aiming to reduce the complications of PCNL, in particular the risk of haemorrhage. As it becomes less invasive, the indications are greatly expanded, and a growing number of patients will benefit from it in the future. This explains the significance of knowing this procedure in continual development in greater detail.

La néphrolithotomie percutanée (NLPC) était initialement indiquée pour les calculs rénaux de grande taille. Les progrès technologiques ont permis une amélioration significative du matériel disponible, principalement dans le sens de la miniaturisation des instruments. Ceci ne doit cependant pas se faire au détriment de la plus grande clairance possible des calculs. Une multitude de techniques sont apparues sur le marché dans l'optique de diminuer les complications possibles des NLPC, en particulier le risque hémorragique. L'invasivité de cette intervention étant réduite, ses indications s'en trouvent considérablement élargies et un nombre croissant de patients vont en bénéficier à l'avenir. Ceci explique l'intérêt de connaître un peu mieux cette technique chirurgicale en constante évolution.

[Lower urinary tract infections in men. Urethritis, cystitis and prostatitis]. / Infections urinaires basses non associées aux sondes urinaires chez l'homme. Urétrite, cystite et prostatite.

Recommendations for the treatment of lower non-catheter-related urinary tract infection (UTI) in men are rarely evidence-based. Their management requires the localization of the site of infection, whether it be the urethra, bladder or prostate, and includes antibiotic therapy and in most cases urological assessment. They are often associated with urinary tract procedures or anatomical or functional abnormalities. Nearly 80 % of male UTIs are caused by Enterobacteriaceae. The prevalence of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains (ESBL) and quinolone-resistant strains is increasing. The aim of this article is to define three types of lower, non-catheter-related UTI in men - urethritis, cystitis and prostatitis - their microbiology and management in Switzerland.

Les recommandations de traitement des infections des voies urinaires (IVU) basses masculines non associées aux sondes souffrent d'un manque d'évidence. Leur prise en charge implique la distinction entre urétrite, cystite et prostatite, et comprend une antibiothérapie associée dans certains cas à un bilan urologique anatomique et fonctionnel. Elles sont souvent associées aux instrumentations du tractus urinaire ou à des anomalies anatomiques ou fonctionnelles. Les Entérobactéries en sont la cause dans près de 80 % des cas ; la prévalence de souches productrices de bêtalactamases à spectre élargi (BLSE) et résistant aux quinolones augmente. Cet article a pour but de clarifier les définitions, la microbiologie et la prise en charge en Suisse de trois types d'IVU basses masculines non associées aux sondes ­ urétrite, cystite et prostatite.

[Laparoscopic cystectomy-urinary diversion with robotic assistance : which future ?] / Cystectomie-dérivation par laparoscopie robot-assistée : quel avenir ?

Known for its significant morbidity, radical cystectomy must improve minimally invasively. Rapidly but sporadically initiated at the beginning of the robotic era 15 years ago, laparoscopic cystectomy-urinary diversion has slowly progressed technically. It is actually optimally standardized to be entirely performed intra-corporealy. Its technical difficulty remaining high, robotic cystectomy should remain in expert hands with a significant recruitement to remain performant.

Connue pour sa morbidité significative, la cystectomie radicale se doit d'évoluer vers des techniques mini-invasives. Rapidement initiée sporadiquement, au début de l'ère robotique il y a 15 ans, la cystectomie-dérivation par laparoscopie sous assistance robotisée a lentement progressé dans sa mise au point technique, actuellement standardisée de manière optimale pour être réalisée intégralement intracorporellement. Sa difficulté technique restant élevée, la cystectomie robotisée doit donc rester en mains expertes disposant d'un recrutement suffisant pour demeurer performantes.

Fourteen-year experience with the intraoperative frozen section examination of testicular lesion in a tertiary university center.

Most testicular tumors are germ cell neoplasias. The number of incidentally detected small-sized, nonpalpable testicular lesions is increasing with the use of high-frequency ultrasound for infertility or trauma. These lesions are benign in 80% of cases and can be treated by organ-sparing surgery on the basis of frozen section examination (FSE). We assess the reliability of FSE in testicular and paratesticular lesions and its possible impact on surgical management. We performed a retrospective review of intraoperative FSE in testicular/paratesticular lesions at Geneva University Hospital during a 14-year period. A total of 170 cases were identified, with 159 testicular and 11 paratesticular lesions. The FSE results, permanent sections, and orchiectomy slides were reviewed and compared. Frozen section examinations were reported to be benign in 9 paratesticular and in 43 testicular lesions, and malignant in 2 paratesticular and 105 testicular lesions. Comparing FSE and final diagnosis, FSE correctly identified all nontumor lesions. There was a failure rate of 3.5% to identify tumor. Specificity was 100%, sensitivity was 95%, positive predictive value was 100%, and negative predictive value was 89%. Frozen section examination is a highly sensitive and specific intraoperative procedure, which allows to differentiate between benign and malignant testicular and paratesticular lesions, with a possibility of organ-sparing surgery when they are benign.