Exploring the effect of the covalent functionalization in graphene-antimonene heterostructures.

The growing field of two-dimensional (2D) materials has recently witnessed the emergence of heterostructures, however those combining monoelemental layered materials remain relatively unexplored. In this study, we present the chemical fabrication and characterization of a heterostructure formed by graphene and hexagonal antimonene. The interaction between these 2D materials is thoroughly examined through Raman spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, revealing that this can be considered as a van der Waals heterostructure. Furthermore, we have explored the influence of the antimonene 2D material on the reactivity of graphene by studying the laser-induced covalent functionalization of the graphene surface. Our findings indicate distinct degrees of functionalization based on the underlying material, SiO2 being more reactive than antimonene, opening the door for the development of controlled patterning in devices based on these heterostructures. This covalent functionalization implies a high control over the chemical information that can be stored but also removed on graphene surfaces, and its use as a patterned heterostructure based on antimonene and graphene. This research provides valuable insights into the antimonene-graphene interactions and their impact on the chemical reactivity during graphene covalent functionalization.

An Innovative Day Hospital Dedicated to Nursing Home Resident: A Descriptive Study of 1306 Residents Referred by their Physicians.

BACKGROUND: The transfer rate of residents from nursing homes (NH) to emergency rooms is high. These transfers are often inappropriate but also potentially avoidable. Recent studies have shown that in terms of methods for training NH teams, proposals for improvement of the healthcare sector must be organized. Given this observation, Gérontopôle de Toulouse (France) opened in October 2015, a responsive day hospital dedicated to NH residents (DH NH). This day hospital is characterized by its vocation, exclusively dedicated to NH residents and its ability to provide patient care within a short period of time. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this day hospital is twofold: (1) decrease the rate of inappropriate transfers for NH residents by offering general practitioners and NH teams quick access to expert advice, blood tests and radiological examinations during hospitalizations and care adapted to the characteristics of NH residents; (2) potentially reduce avoidable transfers to emergency rooms and hospitalizations by taking action to prevent acute decompensation in residents, but also for the education and training of NH healthcare teams. This manuscript aims to describe the arrangements put in place and the characteristics of the residents collected after two years of activity. DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive study. SETTING: Gérontopôle of Toulouse, France. PARTICIPANTS: 1306 residents have been consulted at the DH NH. MEASUREMENTS: Referring physicians (treating physicians, coordinating physician or emergency room physicians) send a standardized hospitalization request form to the day hospital by fax or email indicating the reason for the request, specialist opinion(s) desired and additional required examination(s). A gerontological assessment was conducted and anamnesis data was collected for each resident, on the very day of their coming to the DH NH. RESULTS: In 2 years, 1306 residents from 120 NHs were sent to the DH NH. The mean age was 86.23 ± 7.05 years and the majority of patients were women (n=941, 72.22%), dependent (median ADL at 2.75, [1.25-4.5]) and malnourished (821, 63.25%). In the 3 months prior to their visit to the day hospital, 668 (57.14%) residents had been hospitalized, and one-quarter (n=336, 25.72%) had been transferred to emergency rooms. The main reasons for hospitalization included assessment of cognitive disorders (n=336, 17.52%), assistance in managing behavioral disorders (n=297, 15.48%) and bedsores and slow wound healing (n=223, 11.63%). CONCLUSION: Our experience over a 2-year period suggests that the DH NH could be a practical response to the problem of inappropriate and avoidable transfers of NH residents to emergency rooms. This innovation could easily be utilized in other hospitals.

Overview of the MNA--Its history and challenges.

The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is a simple tool, useful in clinical practice to measure nutritional status in elderly persons. From its validation in 1994, the MNA has been used in hundreds of studies and translated into more then 20 languages. It is a well-validated tool, with high sensitivity, specificity, and reliability. An MNA score > or = 24 identifies patients with a good nutritional status. Scores between 17 and 23.5 identify patients at risk for malnutrition. These patients have not yet started to lose weight and do not show low plasma albumin levels but have lower protein-calorie intakes than recommended. For them, a multidisciplinary geriatric intervention is needed, which takes into account all aspects that might interfere with proper alimentation and, when necessary, proposes therapeutic interventions for diet or supplementation. If the MNA score is less than 17, the patient has protein-calorie malnutrition. It is important at this stage to quantify the severity of the malnutrition (by measuring biochemical parameters like plasma albumin or prealbumin levels, establishing a 3- day record of food intake, and measuring anthropometric features like weight, BMI, arm circumference and skin folds). Nutritional intervention is clearly needed and should be based on achievable objectives established after a detailed comprehensive geriatric assessment. The MNA has been shown to be useful for nutritional intervention follow-up as well. The MNA can help clinicians design an intervention by noting where the patient loses points when performing the MNA. Moreover, when a nutritional intervention is successful, the MNA score increases. The MNA is recommended by many national and international clinical and scientific organizations. It can be used by a variety of professionals, including physicians, dietitians, nurses or research assistants. A short screening version (MNA-SF) has been developed, which, if positive, indicates the need to complete the full MNA. It takes less than 4 minutes to administer the MNA-SF and between 10 and 15 minutes for the full MNA.

Small-pore driven high capacitance in a hierarchical carbon via carbonization of Ni-MOF-74 at low temperatures.

A hierarchical porous carbon prepared via direct carbonization of Ni-MOF-74 loaded with furfuryl alcohol at 450 °C displays high specific capacitance in comparison with other MOF-derived carbons as a result of the formation of micropores smaller than 1 nm.

[Consumption habits of apiary products in an elder collective]. / Hábitos de consumo de productos apícolas en un colectivo de ancianos.

The aim of this study was to analyse the consumption habits of bee products such as: honey, bee pollen, royal jelly and propolis in the elderly of different places of Spain. Honey is an energetic food of its own, and it can also help to overcome several diseases; due to its components that have a beneficial effect in our health. These facts turn honey into a valuable constituent of one's nutrition specially in ancient people. This report demonstrates the knowledge and consumption habits of these persons. Date came from a questionnaire about preferences, places where they buy these products, time and amount of consumption, knowledge of the quality of these products, etc. The results suggest that the vast majority of the people inquired are regular consumers of honey and we also would like to underline the high rate of knowledge of its nutritional value and its medicinal qualities. However, most of the elderly inquired do not know about other apiary products such as bee propolis.

A photoresponsive graphene oxide-C60 conjugate.

An all-carbon donor-acceptor hybrid combining graphene oxide (GO) and C60 has been prepared. Laser flash photolysis measurements revealed the occurrence of photoinduced electron transfer from the GO electron donor to the C60 electron acceptor in the conjugate.

Nutritional assessment of residents in long-term care facilities (LTCFs): recommendations of the task force on nutrition and ageing of the IAGG European region and the IANA.

Unintentional weight loss and Undernutrition are major problems among older people living in Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF). Undernutrition manifests in LTCF particularly as weight loss and low Body Mass Index (BMI) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as with functional decline. There are many factors associated with poor nutritional status and affecting protein-energy intake and/or energy expenditure. These include age of 85 years or older, low nutrient intake, loss of ability to eat independently, swallowing and chewing difficulties, becoming bed-ridden, pressure ulcers, history of hip fracture, dementia, depressive symptoms and suffering from two or more chronic illnesses. Nutritional evaluation is an essential part of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). This evaluation ranges from methods such as BMI to several validated tools such as Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA). After diagnosis, the management of undernutrition in LTCF requires a multidisciplinary approach which may involve dietary and environmental improvements and managing multiple co-morbidities, while avoiding polypharmacy as far as possible. Finally, the need for supplementation or artificial (tube) feeding may be considered taking into account the CGA and individual needs. This document presents a succinct review and recommendations of evaluation and treatment of undernutrition.

Mineral content of commercial pollen.

Pollen is a natural product which is extending its marketing day by day, given that it is considered to be a dietetic product and it is consumed everyday by a broad sector of the Spanish population. In its composition it presents valuable nutrients, among which we can find minerals, which is the main object of this study. We have analysed sodium, potassium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc in 15 pollen samples which correspond to different brands. The technique we have used is atomic absortion spectroscopy. The results show us the great potassium contribution of this natural product, with values over 400 mg/100 g, and about microelements, mainly iron and zinc, although with different results, depending on the brand which markets it, with average values of 4.01 +/- 1.00 and 3.66 +/- 1.02, respectively.

The importance of bee-collected pollen in the diet: a study of its composition.

In this article the content of macronutrients and the calorific value of 15 commercial samples of pollen is presented. This bee-collected product can be a good complement to our daily diet due to the interesting proportions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, especially these last two.

Hábitos de consumo de productos apícolas en un colectivo de ancianos / Consumption habits of apiary products in an elder collective

The aim of this study was to analyse the consumption habits of bee products such as: honey, bee pollen, royal jelly and propolis in the elderly of different places of Spain. Honey is an energetic food of its own, and it can also help to overcome several diseases; due to its components that have a beneficial effect in our health. These facts turn honey into a valuable constituent of one's nutrition specially in ancient people. This report demonstrates the knowledge and consumption habits of these persons. Date came from a questionnaire about preferences, places where they buy these products, time and amount of consumption, knowledge of the quality of these products, etc. The results suggest that the vast majority of the people inquired are regular consumers of honey and we also would like to underline the high rate of knowledge of its nutritional value and its medicinal qualities. However, most of the elderly inquired do not know about other apiary products such as bee propolis.

Estudio del valor nutritivo del alajú, alfajores y turrones y su repercusión en la dieta / Study of nutritive value of "alajú", "alfajores" and nougats, and its repercussion in yhe diet

En este trabajo se plantea un estudio del valor nutritivo de tres dulces típicos españoles que se toman principalmente durante la Navidad, formando parte de la dieta habitual en esa época del año. Este es el caso de los turrones clásicos duros y blandos, el alajú y los alfajores. Para el cálculo del valor nutritivo se parte del conocimiento previo de la composición centesimal de estos alimentos y, con estos datos, se calcula el índice de calidad nutricional (ICN) así como el porcentaje de la cantidad diaria recomendada que cubre una ración de cada uno de ellos en dos grupos de población: niños de 7 a 10 años y adultos de entre 25 y 50 años.Finalmente, se hace una comparación del valor nutritivo de los turrones y de dos dulces ampliamente consumidos por la población infantil, como es el caso de los bollos rellenos de chocolate y los "donuts" de chocolate. Se comprueba que los turrones tienen un índice de calidad nutricional (ICN) superior a 1 en el caso de las proteínas y de la grasa y, dentro de los elementos minerales, destaca el magnesio, el calcio y el potasio. (AU)

Importancia nutricional de la miel: un edulcorante natural / Nutritional importance of honey: a natural sweetener

En este trabajo se muestra la composición porcentual media de la miel, tanto en macro como en micronutrientes, y se establece una comparación con el azúcar común. Además se presenta el porcentaje con el que la miel contribuye a cubrir las cantidades diarias recomendadas (CDR) de los distintos nutrientes que contiene, considerando una ingesta diaria de 50 gramos de este alimento, para hombres y mujeres pertenecientes a tres grupos de edades diferentes: 19-24, 25-50 y mayores de 50 (AU)