Comprehensive bioinformation analysis of homeodomain-leucine zipper gene family and expression pattern of HD-Zip I under abiotic stress in Salix suchowensis.

BACKGROUND: Homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors are plant-specific and play important roles in plant defense against environmental stresses. Identification and functional studies have been carried out in model plants such as rice, Arabidopsis thaliana, and poplar, but comprehensive analysis on the HD-Zip family of Salix suchowensis have not been reported. RESULTS: A total of 55 HD-Zip genes were identified in the willow genome, unevenly distributed on 18 chromosomes except for chromosome 19. And segmental duplication events containing SsHD-Zip were detected on all chromosomes except chromosomes 13 and 19. The SsHD-Zip were classified into 4 subfamilies subfamilies (I-IV) according to the evolutionary analysis, and members of each subfamily shared similar domain structure and gene structure. The combination of GO annotation and promoter analysis showed that SsHD-Zip genes responded to multiple abiotic stresses. Furthermore, the results of qPCR analysis showed that the SsHD-Zip I gene exhibited different degrees of expression under salt stress, PEG treatment and heat treatment. Moreover, there was a synergistic effect between SsHD-Zip I genes under stress conditions based on coregulatory networks analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, HD-Zip transcription factors were systematically identified and analyzed at the whole genome level. These results preliminarily clarified the structural characteristics and related functions of willow HD-Zip family members, and it was found that SsHox34, SsHox36 and SsHox51 genes were significantly involved in the response to various stresses. Together, these findings laid the foundation for further research on the resistance functions of willow HD-Zip genes.

High-Precision and Real-Time Measurement of Water Isotope Ratios Based on a Mid-Infrared Optical Sensor.

A compact spectrometer based on a mid-infrared optical sensor has been developed for high-precision and real-time measurement of water isotope ratios. The instrument uses laser absorption spectroscopy and applies the weighted Kalman filtering method to determine water isotope ratios with high precision and fast time response. The precision of the measurements is 0.41‰ for δ18O and 0.29‰ for δ17O with a 1 s time. This is much faster than the standard running average technique, which takes over 90 s to achieve the same level of precision. The successful development of this compact mid-infrared optical sensor opens up new possibilities for its future applications in atmospheric and breath gas research.

MXene Supported Surface Plasmon Polaritons for Optical Microfiber Ammonia Sensing.

The properties of surface plasmons are notoriously dependent on the supporting materials system. However, new capabilities cannot be obtained until the technique of surface plasmon enabled by advanced two-dimensional materials is well understood. Herein, we present the experimental demonstration of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) supported by single-layered MXene flakes (Ti3C2Tx) coating on an optical microfiber and its application as an ammonia gas sensor. Enabled by its high controllability of chemical composition, unique atomistically thin layered structure, and metallic-level conductivity, MXene is capable of supporting not only plasmon resonances across a wide range of wavelengths but also a selective sensing mechanism through frequency modulation. Theoretical modeling and optics experiments reveal that, upon adsorbing ammonia molecules, the free electron motion at the interface between the SiO2 microfiber and the MXene coating is modulated (i.e., the modulation of the SPPs under applied light), thus inducing a variation in the evanescent field. Consequently, a wavelength shift is produced, effectively realizing a selective and highly sensitive ammonia sensor with a 100 ppm detection limit. The MXene supported SPPs open a promising path for the application of advanced optical techniques toward gas and chemical analysis.

Ion-Molecule Co-Confining Ammonium Vanadate Cathode for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Vanadium-based cathode materials have attracted great attention in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, the inferior ion transport and cyclic stability due to the strong Coulomb interaction between Zn2+ and the lattice limit their further application. In this work, CO2 molecules are in situ embedded in the interlayer structure of NH4V4O10 by decomposing excess H2C2O4·2H2O in the main framework, obtaining an ion-molecule co-confining NH4V4O10 for AZIB cathode material. The introduced CO2 molecules expanded the interlayer spacing of NH4V4O10, broadened the diffusion channel of Zn2+, and stabilized the structure of NH4V4O10 as the interlayer pillars together with NH 4 + ${\mathrm{NH}}_4^ + $ , which effectively improved the Zn2+ diffusion kinetics and cycle stability of the electrode. In addition, the binding between NH 4 + ${\mathrm{NH}}_4^ + $ and the host framework is stabilized via hydrogen bonds with CO2 molecules. NVO-CO2-0.8 exhibited excellent specific capacity (451.1 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1), cycle stability (214.0 mAh g-1 at 10 A g-1 after 1000 cycles) and rate performance. This work provides new ideas and approaches for optimizing vanadium-based materials with high-performance AZIBs.

Ameliorated 3 × 3 coupler-based demodulation algorithm using iteratively reweighted ellipse specific fitting.

Passive demodulation scheme using 3 × 3 coupler has been widely used in phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (φ-OTDR), interrogation of fiber Bragg gratings or fiber optic interferometric sensors, and sensor multiplexing. However, the asymmetry of the 3 × 3 coupler in real applications affects the demodulation performance seriously. We proposed an ameliorated 3 × 3 coupler-based demodulation algorithm using iteratively reweighted ellipse specific fitting (IRESF) to overcome the drawback. IRESF combines iterative reweight technology with ellipse specific fitting, which decreases the weights of high noise points and always outputs ellipse solutions. Any two output signals from the 3 × 3 coupler-based interferometer are fitted by the IRESF and then corrected as a pair of quadrature signals. The stability of the fitting parameters is utilized to resolve the failures of IRESF under small signals. A real-time 1/4 ellipse arc judging module is designed, if the Lissajous figure is larger than 1/4 ellipse arc, IRESF is executed to offer ellipse correction parameters. Otherwise, the fixed parameters preset in the algorithm are used. The fixed parameters are mean values of the fitting parameters of IRESF under a large stimulus. The desired phase signal is finally extracted from the corrected quadrature signals. Experimental results show that the ameliorated algorithm does not require strict symmetry of the 3 × 3 coupler and can work under small signals. The noise floor of the proposed algorithm is -112 dB re rad/√Hz and the demodulated amplitude is 23.15 dB (14.37 rad) at 1 kHz when THD is 0.0488%. Moreover, the response linearity is as high as 99.999%. Compared to the algorithm using direct least squares, the proposed demodulation algorithm is more robust and precise, which has broad application prospects.

Radiotherapy for benign diseases in Turkey: a patterns of care survey of the Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology (TROD 05-002).

PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the patterns of radiotherapy (RT) care in cases of benign diseases in Turkey. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was sent to all radiation oncology (RO) departments in Turkey. The number of patients treated for benign disease between 2015 and 2020 was requested. A list of benign conditions was given, and information on the number of patients per disease, single and total doses prescribed, weekly fractions, radiation type, energy, and device was requested. RESULTS: Of the 138 RO departments, 29 (21%) responded. The data received concerned 15 (52%) university, 10 (34%) public, and four (14%) private hospitals. A total of 130,846 patients were treated with RT in these departments. Of these patients, 6346 (4.85%) were treated for benign conditions. The most common benign diseases treated with RT were meningioma (35%), plantar fasciitis (19%), schwannoma (16%), arteriovenous malformation (11%), and pituitary adenoma (7%). Most centers performed RT for paraganglioma, heterotopic ossification, vertebral hemangioma, and Graves' ophthalmopathy, but none treated arthrosis. Wide variations were observed across the departments. Radiosurgery for intracranial pathologies was performed intensively in four centers. By contrast, RT for plantar fasciitis was predominantly treated in five centers, one of which had more than 1000 patients. CONCLUSION: The ratio of patients who underwent RT for benign diseases in Turkey among all patients who underwent RT was 4.85%. The common pattern of RT in 72% of patients was radiosurgery for intracranial benign diseases, followed by low-dose RT for plantar fasciitis in 19%.

Quality of Life and Safety Outcomes after First-Line Treatment of Symptomatic AF with Cryoablation or Drug Therapy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Cryoablation has emerged as a recognized interventional strategy for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Numerous trials have investigated cryoablation as a first-line therapy for AF. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of cryoablation on quality of life (QoL) and safety outcomes compared to antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) in patients with symptomatic AF. Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing cryoablation and AADs as first-line treatments for AF until May 2023. Continuous outcome data were analyzed using mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and dichotomous outcome data were analyzed using relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs. The primary outcomes assessed were QoL and serious adverse events. Results: Our analysis included four RCTs involving 928 patients. Cryoablation was associated with a significant improvement in the AF Effect on Quality of Life (AFEQT) score (3 trials; MD 7.46, 95% CI 2.50 to 12.42; p = 0.003; I 2 = 79%) and EQ-VAS score (2 trials; MD 1.49, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.86; p < 0.001; I 2 = 0%) compared to AAD therapy. Additionally, cryoablation demonstrated a modest increase in EQ-5D score from baseline compared to AAD therapy, with no statistically significance (2 trials; MD 0.03, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.07; p = 0.07; I 2 = 79%). Furthermore, the rate of serious adverse events was significantly lower with cryoablation compared to AAD therapy (4 trials; 11.8% vs. 16.3%; RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54-1.00; p = 0.05; I 2 = 0%). Cryoablation was also associated with a reduction in overall adverse events, incidence of persistent AF, hospitalizations, and additional ablation. However, there was no significant difference in major adverse cardiovascular events and emergency department visits between the two treatment groups. Conclusions: Cryoablation, as a first-line treatment for symptomatic AF patients, significantly improved AF-specific quality of life and reduced serious adverse events, as well as overall adverse events, persistent AF, hospitalizations, and additional ablation compared to AADs.

Low-frequency electric field sensing via superposition orbital angular momentum light.

The polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) degrees of freedom carried by light have important applications in precision optical measurement and optical sensing. Here we show that the electro-optic Pockels effect of a magnesium-doped lithium niobate (MgO:LiNbO3) crystal can be used to measure a low-frequency electric field. By exploiting the rotation property of superposition OAM light, we experimentally observe that the minimum measured precision of electric field intensity is about 0.18 V/m. This study offers a method to perform low-frequency electric field sensing.

Nonlinear error elimination using the fusion of PGC-DCM, geometric fitting, and Atan algorithms.

A phase generated carrier (PGC) demodulation scheme is always accompanied by nonlinear errors. We propose a fusion of PGC differential and cross multiplying (PGC-DCM), geometric fitting, and arctangent (Atan) algorithms for fiber optic interferometric sensors to eliminate nonlinear errors. The output amplitude of the PGC-DCM algorithm is used to judge whether the Lissajous figure of quadrature signals is larger than 1/2 ellipse arc. When the Lissajous figure exceeds 1/2 ellipse arc, the contaminated quadrature signals are corrected by the ellipse correction parameters calculated from the geometric fitting; otherwise, the previous fitting parameters are employed for correction. Geometric fitting is realized by minimizing the Sampson error, and its failure problem under small signals is solved by using the temporary stability of fitting results. Finally, desired signals are extracted from the corrected quadrature signals by the Atan algorithm. Experimental results show that the fusion combines the merits of the three algorithms and expands the application of the geometric fitting in PGC demodulation schemes.

Experimental evidence on the feasibility of employing a replica symmetry breaking classification random laser.

Replica symmetry breaking (RSB) has been introduced in a random laser to investigate the interactions between disorder and fluctuations. In this work, the dynamic difference between four non-energy transfer and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-assisted random laser systems is investigated based on RSB. It is found that FRET is one of the key factors influencing RSB, and it is demonstrated that RSB in a random laser is not robust. This dynamic difference can be attributed to the different disorders induced by the gain mechanism in different random laser systems. This provides experimental evidence and theoretical support for the classification feasibility of RL with different emission mechanisms employing RSB.

Stably suppressing laser relative intensity noise on a 3 × 3 coupler interferometric system.

A 3 × 3 coupler multiphase demodulation scheme is proposed to eliminate the impact of working point drifting and the laser relative intensity noise (RIN) on a 3 × 3 coupler interferometric system. An ellipse-fitting algorithm (EFA) is applied to fit the two interference signals of the 3 × 3 coupler in order, then the ATAN algorithm is applied to obtain three noise-containing signals with specific trigonometric relationships. By averaging the three signals, the demodulated phase noise induced from RIN can be effectively eliminated. The experimental results show that compared with the asymmetric demodulation scheme without intensity noise control, the noise floor of the proposed scheme decreases from 4.5 to 1 µrad/√Hz at 1 kHz and 2.7 to 0.8 µrad/√Hz at 3 kHz. At high frequencies, the average noise floor level is reduced from 10 to 0.9 µrad/√Hz, a reduction of about 21 dB. Furthermore, the variation range of the average noise floor is reduced from 5.4 to 0.17 µrad /√Hz within 100 s.

Non-invasive imaging using a low-spatial-coherence multimode random polymer fiber laser.

Random lasers (RLs), with their low spatial coherence, are ideal illumination sources for speckle-free imaging. However, it is still challenging for RLs to maintain low spatial coherence with the need for integration and directionality. Here, a disordered multimode random polymer fiber laser (RPFL) is proposed and implemented as a low-spatial-coherence light source. Compared to typical multimode optical fibers, the number of accommodated modes is increased by about 11×, the speckle contrast is reduced to 0.013, and the spatial coherence factor is reduced to 0.08. The low-spatial-coherence property enables RPFL to produce significantly superior imaging quality in both speckle-free imaging and non-invasive imaging through opacity. This study provides a strategy for an integrated speckle-free imaging system and paves the way for non-invasive imaging.

High precision 3 × 3 coupler demodulation algorithm with an additional phase shift judgment module.

Ellipse fitting algorithms (EFAs) have been widely used in 3×3 coupler demodulation systems to reduce the requirement for symmetry of the 3×3 couplers. Based on the relative stability of the splitting ratio and phase difference after the establishment of the 3×3 coupler demodulation system, we solve the problem that EFA fails to work when the stimulating signal is small. Depending on the existence of a symmetry point about the origin, an additional phase shift judgment module is used to determine whether the Lissajous figure is larger than π rad. If the elliptical arc exceeds π rad, the EFA is executed. Otherwise, the previous parameters are used to correct the ellipse. Parameters are updated in real time to ensure high precision. The experimental results show that the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the ameliorated algorithm is improved by 1.28% compared to the EFA without the judgment module with a stimulus amplitude of 30 mV. The proposed scheme can effectively improve the dynamic range of the 3×3 coupler demodulation to reach 125.64 dB @ 1 kHz and 1% THD. The algorithm ensures the effective operation of the EFA under small phase shift conditions and improves the accuracy of phase demodulation.

Association between frailty and hypoproteinaemia in older patients: meta-analysis and systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Frailty and hypoproteinaemia are common in older individuals. Although there is evidence of a correlation between frailty and hypoproteinaemia, the relationship between frailty and hypoproteinaemia in hospitalized/critically ill and older community residents has not been clarified. Therefore, the aim of our meta-analysis was to evaluate the associations between frailty and hypoproteinaemia in different types of patients. METHODS: A systematic retrieval of articles published in the PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, Wanfang, and CNKI databases from their establishment to April 2024 was performed to search for studies on the associations between severity of frailty or prefrailty and hypoproteinaemia in older adults. The Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Scale were used to assess study quality. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies were included including 90,351 frail older people were included. Meta-analysis revealed an association between frailty or prefrailty and hypoproteinaemia (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.47, 3.83; OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.15), there was no significant difference in the risk of hypoproteinaemia between patients with severe frailty and those with low or moderate frailty (OR = 0.62, 95% CI:0.44, 0.87). The effect of frailty on the occurrence of hypoproteinaemia was more obvious in hospitalized patients/critically ill patients than in surgical patients (OR = 3.75, 95% CI: 2.36, 5.96), followed by older community residents (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.49). CONCLUSION: Frailty is associated with hypoproteinaemia in surgical patients, hospitalized older patients and older community residents. Future studies should focus on the benefits of albumin supplementation in preventing or alleviating frailty and related outcomes in the future.

Association between smartphone addiction and myofascial trigger points.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between smartphone addiction and miyafascial trigger points in university students. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of university students was conducted for the purpose of this study. The participants were assessed based on age, gender, dominant side, the amount of time they spent on their smartphones, the purpose of their use, and their posture. The Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Form (SAS-SF) was used to determine addictes and non-addicts. The cut-off value of SAS-SF is 31 and above for male and 33 and above for female. RESULTS: There were 136 participants in the study. The posture score for addicts and non-addicts ones was not significantly different (p > 0,05), but the number of trigger points, maximal bending posture and trigger points in the right levator scapula and right cervical erector muscles were significantly higher in the smartphone addict participants (p < 0,05). CONCLUSIONS: Smartphone addiction in university students is associated with postural changes and trigger points in the bilateral levator scapula and right cervical erector muscles. Public health programs should be developed to raise awareness about smartphone addiction, encourage screen breaks, and emphasize physical activity and exercise regularly.

Evaluation of the single and combined therapeutic effects of individually manufactured earplug therapy in patients with myogenous temporomandibular disorders: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of individually manufactured earplug therapy on pain intensity (PI), symptom severity (SS), and maximum mouth opening (MMO), in patients with myogenous temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS: One-hundred-twenty patients were randomly allocated to six groups: Groups EP (earplug), OS (occlusal splint), EX (exercise), EPO (earplug with occlusal splint), EPE (earplug with exercise), and C (control). Outcomes were PI (assessed with a visual analog scale (VAS)), SS (assessed with the modified Symptom Severity Index Questionnaire (mSSI)), and MMO (evaluated with a digital caliper). Measurements were performed at T0 (before the therapy), T1 (1-month follow-up), and T2 (3-month follow-up). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's HSD, and chi-square tests (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: At T1 and T2, the greatest VAS and mSSI reduction was detected for the groups EPE (VAS = 5.3 ± 1.05, 3.3 ± 0.7; mSSI = 38.2 ± 2.27, 43.6 ± 3.94) and EPO (VAS = 5.2 ± 0.91, 3.2 ± 0.78; mSSI = 36.3 ± 3.97, 42.2 ± 3.19), respectively (p < 0.05). At T1, occlusal splint groups (groups OS (34.8 ± 2.97 mm) and EPO (33.8 ± 3.49 mm)) gave the highest MMO values, while T2 values did not constitute a significant difference with T1 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The short-term use of combined earplug therapy resulted in a decrease in both PI and SS. Improvement in MMO in participants using occlusal splints was observed in the 1st month and was maintained through the 3rd month. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Earplug therapy can be applied as a complementary therapy to occlusal splint and exercise treatments to decrease PI and SS in patients with myogenous TMD. To achieve functional recovery such as MMO, its combined use with splints should be taken into consideration by clinicians.

Effects of endotracheal suctioning duration cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants.

AIM: This study evaluates the effects of endotracheal suctioning duration on cerebral oxygenation and physiological parameters in preterm infants in intensive care. DESIGN: Prospective and observational s tudy. METHOD: In this study, 51 preterm infants born at 28-34 weeks of gestation in NICU were evaluated. Cerebral oxygenation was measured before, during, and after endotracheal suctioning with near-infrared spectroscopy. Pain levels of the infants were with N-PASS scale. RESULTS: A negative correlation was found between the lowest cerebral oxygenation value during endotracheal suctioning and the duration of endotracheal suctioning. Cerebral oxygenation levels during endotracheal suctioning were lower than pre- and post-endotracheal suctioning levels. Higher cerebral oxygenation was observed in infants whose endotracheal aspiration time was less than 13 s. The duration of endotracheal suctioning was positively correlated with pain and cerebral oxygenation stabilization time. CONCLUSION: Prolonged endotracheal suctioning duration negatively affects cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants. The study suggests an optimal endotracheal suctioning duration under 13 s. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: Properly executed endotracheal suctioning, with the correct technique and knowledge, can alleviate the adverse physiological effects observed in preterm infants and contribute to routine nursing care in intensive care units. REPORTING METHOD: This study has been reported in line with STROBE checklists. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution was required to design or undertake this research. Patients contributed only to the data collection. IMPACT: This study contributes to defining the ideal endotracheal aspiration duration, as there is not enough data so far. It showed the effect of prolonged endotracheal aspiration time on cerebral oxygenation, pain and physiological parameters in preterm infants.

The independent and combined effects of physical activity and depressive symptoms on frailty in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS: To investigate the independent and combined effects of physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms on the risk of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. BACKGROUND: Older adults face a high risk of frailty which is commonly used to predict adverse health outcomes in older patients. Engaging in PA and without depressive symptoms are crucial factors to prevent frailty. It is essential to investigate the independent and combined effects of these two variables on the risk of frailty. METHODS: We included 3392 community-dwelling older adults. The FRAIL Scale was used to assess older adults' frail status (robust, prefrail and frail). Multiple logistic regression was utilized to examine the independent and combined effects of PA and depressive symptoms on the risk of prefrailty and frailty. The combined effects were visualized by marginal plots. RESULTS: The prevalence of prefrailty and frailty in older adults were 42.16% and 10.58%. Compared with the group of "Light physical activity and With depressive symptoms", "Vigorous physical activity and Without depressive symptoms" had the lowest risk of prefrailty and frailty. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults who do not engage in PA or have depressive symptoms increased the risk of frailty, but older adults with depressive symptoms could lower the risk of frailty through PA. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: It is effective to reduce the risk of frailty by directing older adults to do moderate physical activity, although they have depressive symptoms. The focus should also be on older adults with depressive symptoms, who have at least more than twice and fourfold risk of prefrailty and frailty compared to those without. IMPACT: This study offers insights for future interventions aimed at preventing frailty in older adults. REPORTING METHOD: This study adhered to the STROBE checklist. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTIONS: Older adults participated in this study and completed questionnaires.

Ozone Therapy for a Soccer Player With Osteitis Pubis: A Case Report.

CONTEXT: Osteitis pubis (OP), which occurs as a result of excessive use of the symphysis pubis and parasymphysis bones, is more common in long-distance runners and kicking athletes, especially football players. Due to the poor results of commonly used treatments for OP, there is a need for investigation of more effective treatments, such as ozone therapy. Ozone therapy is used to treat a variety of diseases, including musculoskeletal conditions. CASE PRESENTATION: A 30-year-old amateur soccer player diagnosed with OP received conservative treatment with traditional physiotherapy and analgesic medications. After 6 months and no resolution of symptoms, the patient presented to the sports medicine outpatient clinic seeking alternative therapy options. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOMES: The patient received ozone injections in 3 sessions administered at 10-day intervals. At 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the treatment, the patient's complaints and pain levels were re-evaluated and examined. The patient was able to return to competition at the same level after the first injection. No recurrence was revealed at a minimum of 12 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: In this article, we present a case in which OP was successfully treated with ozone injection.

A Coupling-Induced Assembly Strategy for Constructing Artificial Shell on Mitochondria in Living Cells.

The strategy of in vivo self-assembly has been developed for improved enrichment and long-term retention of anticancer drug in tumor tissues. However, most self-assemblies with non-covalent bonding interactions are susceptible to complex physiological environments, leading to weak stability and loss of biological function. Here, we develop a coupling-induced assembly (CIA) strategy to generate covalently crosslinked nanofibers, which is applied for in situ constructing artificial shell on mitochondria. The oxidation-responsive peptide-porphyrin conjugate P1 is synthesized, which self-assemble into nanoparticles. Under the oxidative microenvironment of mitochondria, the coupling of thiols in P1 causes the formation of dimers, which is further ordered and stacked into crosslinked nanofibers. As a result, the artificial shell is constructed on the mitochondria efficiently through multivalent cooperative interactions due to the increased binding sites. Under ultrasound (US) irradiation, the porphyrin molecules in the shell produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that act on the adjacent mitochondrial membrane, exhibiting ~2-fold higher antitumor activity than nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the mitochondria-targeted CIA strategy provides a novel perspective on improved sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and shows potential applications in antitumor therapies.