RESUMO
The influence of genetic variants related to opioid use disorder (OUD) was evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis in self-reported assigned African American/Afro-Caribbean and European biogeographical ancestry groups (BGAGs) and by sex. From a sample size of 1301 adult patients (>18 years of age) seen in emergency departments of three medical centers in Ohio, six variants were found to be associated with OUD. Two of the variants, rs2740574 (CYP3A4) and rs324029 (DRD3), were included in the analysis having met criteria of at least five subjects for each BGAG, variant carrier status, and OUD status combinations. Variant carriers in the African/Afro-Caribbean BGAG had slightly lower predicted probabilities of OUD. Variant carriers in the European BGAG had slightly higher predicted probabilities of OUD. Relative to sex, all the six variants met evaluation criteria (five subjects for all sex, variant, and OUD status combinations). No statistically significant interactions were found between a given variant, BGAGs and sex. Findings suggest variant testing relative to OUD risk can be applied across BGAGs and sex, however, studies in larger populations are needed.
Assuntos
Alelos , Negro ou Afro-Americano , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides , População Branca , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/genética , Adulto , Negro ou Afro-Americano/genética , População Branca/genética , Autorrelato , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Região do Caribe , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP3A/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Fatores de Risco , População Negra/genéticaRESUMO
The tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease is a commonly used reagent for removal of solubility and purification tags from recombinant proteins and is cited as being highly specific for its canonical cleavage site. Flexibility in some amino acids within this recognition sequence has been described in the literature but researchers generally assume few native human proteins will carry off-target sequences for TEV cleavage. We report here the aberrant cleavage of three human proteins with non-canonical TEV protease cleavage sites and identify broader sequence specificity rules that can be used to predict unwanted cleavage of recombinant proteins. Using these rules, 456 human proteins were identified that could be substrates for unwanted TEV protease cleavage.
Assuntos
Endopeptidases , Humanos , Endopeptidases/química , Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Endopeptidases/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteólise , Especificidade por SubstratoRESUMO
Prior analysis of intact and modified protein forms (proteoforms) of KRAS4B isolated from cell lines and tumor samples by top-down mass spectrometry revealed the presence of novel posttranslational modifications (PTMs) and potential evidence of context-specific KRAS4B modifications. However, low endogenous proteoform signal resulted in ineffective characterization, making it difficult to visualize less abundant PTMs or perform follow-up PTM validation using standard proteomic workflows. The NCI RAS Initiative has developed a model system, whereby KRAS4B bearing an N-terminal FLAG tag can be stably expressed within a panel of cancer cell lines. Herein, we present a method for combining immunoprecipitation with complementary proteomic methods to directly analyze N-terminally FLAG-tagged KRAS4B proteoforms and PTMs. We provide detailed protocols for FLAG-KRAS4B purification, proteoform analysis by targeted top-down LC-MS/MS, and validation of abundant PTMs by bottom-up LC-MS/MS with example results.