Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 8 de 8
Filtrar
1.
PLoS Pathog ; 19(7): e1011506, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37459366

RESUMO

In addition to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, activators of the cytoprotective nuclear factor erythroid-2-like-2 (NRF2) signaling pathway have antiviral effects, but the underlying antiviral mechanisms are incompletely understood. We evaluated the ability of the NRF2 activators 4-octyl itaconate (4OI), bardoxolone methyl (BARD), sulforaphane (SFN), and the inhibitor of exportin-1 (XPO1)-mediated nuclear export selinexor (SEL) to interfere with influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) infection of human cells. All compounds reduced viral titers in supernatants from A549 cells and vascular endothelial cells in the order of efficacy SEL>4OI>BARD = SFN, which correlated with their ability to prevent nucleo-cytoplasmic export of viral nucleoprotein and the host cell protein p53. In contrast, intracellular levels of viral HA mRNA and nucleocapsid protein (NP) were unaffected. Knocking down mRNA encoding KEAP1 (the main inhibitor of NRF2) or inactivating the NFE2L2 gene (which encodes NRF2) revealed that physiologic NRF2 signaling restricts IAV replication. However, the antiviral effect of all compounds was NRF2-independent. Instead, XPO1 knock-down greatly reduced viral titers, and incubation of Calu3 cells with an alkynated 4OI probe demonstrated formation of a covalent complex with XPO1. Ligand-target modelling predicted covalent binding of all three NRF2 activators and SEL to the active site of XPO1 involving the critical Cys528. SEL and 4OI manifested the highest binding energies, whereby the 4-octyl tail of 4OI interacted extensively with the hydrophobic groove of XPO1, which binds nuclear export sequences on cargo proteins. Conversely, SEL as well as the three NRF2 activators were predicted to covalently bind the functionally critical Cys151 in KEAP1. Blocking XPO1-mediated nuclear export may, thus, constitute a "noncanonical" mechanism of anti-influenza activity of electrophilic NRF2 activators that can interact with similar cysteine environments at the active sites of XPO1 and KEAP1. Considering the importance of XPO1 function to a variety of pathogenic viruses, compounds that are optimized to inhibit both targets may constitute an important class of broadly active host-directed treatments that embody anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and antiviral properties.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Vírus da Influenza A , Humanos , Transporte Ativo do Núcleo Celular , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Vírus da Influenza A/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Carioferinas/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Associada a ECH Semelhante a Kelch/metabolismo , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Ribonucleoproteínas/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Replicação Viral
2.
Chemistry ; 26(1): 49-88, 2020 Jan 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31483909

RESUMO

Drugs in the chemical space beyond the rule of 5 (bRo5) can modulate targets with difficult binding sites while retaining cell permeability and oral absorption. Reviewing the syntheses of bRo5 drugs approved since 1990 highlights synthetic chemistry's contribution to drug discovery in this space. Initially, bRo5 drugs were mainly natural products and semi-synthetic derivatives. Later, peptidomimetics and de novo designed compounds, that include up to seven chiral centres and macrocyclic rings became dominant. These drugs are prepared by total synthesis, sometimes by routes of more than 25 steps with stereocentres originating from the chiral pool, or being installed by chiral induction or enzymatic resolution. Interestingly, ring-closing metathesis proved to be the method of choice for macrocyclisation in hepatitis C virus protease inhibitors. We conclude that structural simplification, planning of synthetic routes regarding incorporation of stereocentres and macrocyclisation, as well as incorporation of structural knowledge and consideration of chameleonic properties in design, should facilitate drug discovery in bRo5 space.


Assuntos
Descoberta de Drogas , Preparações Farmacêuticas/síntese química , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Sítios de Ligação , Hepacivirus/enzimologia , Compostos Macrocíclicos/síntese química , Compostos Macrocíclicos/química , Compostos Macrocíclicos/metabolismo , Peptidomiméticos , Preparações Farmacêuticas/química , Preparações Farmacêuticas/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteases/síntese química , Inibidores de Proteases/química , Inibidores de Proteases/metabolismo , Ribossomos/química , Ribossomos/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais/química , Proteínas Virais/metabolismo
3.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 4096, 2024 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38750019

RESUMO

The presence of heterogeneity in responses to oncolytic virotherapy poses a barrier to clinical effectiveness, as resistance to this treatment can occur through the inhibition of viral spread within the tumor, potentially leading to treatment failures. Here we show that 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a chemical derivative of the Krebs cycle-derived metabolite itaconate, enhances oncolytic virotherapy with VSVΔ51 in various models including human and murine resistant cancer cell lines, three-dimensional (3D) patient-derived colon tumoroids and organotypic brain tumor slices. Furthermore, 4-OI in combination with VSVΔ51 improves therapeutic outcomes in a resistant murine colon tumor model. Mechanistically, we find that 4-OI suppresses antiviral immunity in cancer cells through the modification of cysteine residues in MAVS and IKKß independently of the NRF2/KEAP1 axis. We propose that the combination of a metabolite-derived drug with an oncolytic virus agent can greatly improve anticancer therapeutic outcomes by direct interference with the type I IFN and NF-κB-mediated antiviral responses.


Assuntos
Terapia Viral Oncolítica , Vírus Oncolíticos , Succinatos , Animais , Humanos , Terapia Viral Oncolítica/métodos , Succinatos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Interferon Tipo I/metabolismo , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Colo/terapia , Neoplasias do Colo/imunologia , Neoplasias do Colo/tratamento farmacológico , Antivirais/farmacologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Quinase I-kappa B/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Associada a ECH Semelhante a Kelch/metabolismo , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Vírus da Estomatite Vesicular Indiana/fisiologia , Vírus da Estomatite Vesicular Indiana/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos
4.
J Med Chem ; 65(4): 3473-3517, 2022 02 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35108001

RESUMO

Upregulation of the transcription factor Nrf2 by inhibition of the interaction with its negative regulator Keap1 constitutes an opportunity for the treatment of disease caused by oxidative stress. We report a structurally unique series of nanomolar Keap1 inhibitors obtained from a natural product-derived macrocyclic lead. Initial exploration of the structure-activity relationship of the lead, followed by structure-guided optimization, resulted in a 100-fold improvement in inhibitory potency. The macrocyclic core of the nanomolar inhibitors positions three pharmacophore units for productive interactions with key residues of Keap1, including R415, R483, and Y572. Ligand optimization resulted in the displacement of a coordinated water molecule from the Keap1 binding site and a significantly altered thermodynamic profile. In addition, minor reorganizations of R415 and R483 were accompanied by major differences in affinity between ligands. This study therefore indicates the importance of accounting both for the hydration and flexibility of the Keap1 binding site when designing high-affinity ligands.


Assuntos
Proteína 1 Associada a ECH Semelhante a Kelch/antagonistas & inibidores , Compostos Macrocíclicos/farmacologia , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Sítios de Ligação , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Humanos , Ligantes , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Ratos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
5.
ACS Med Chem Lett ; 12(6): 983-990, 2021 Jun 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34136079

RESUMO

Conformation-dependent 3D descriptors have been shown to provide better predictions of the physicochemical properties of macrocycles than 2D descriptors. However, the computational identification of relevant conformations for macrocycles is nontrivial. Herein, we report that the Caco-2 cell permeability difference between a pair of diastereomeric macrocycles correlated with their solvent accessible 3D polar surface area and radius of gyration. The descriptors were calculated from the macrocycles' solution-phase conformational ensembles and independently from ensembles obtained by conformational sampling. Calculation of the two descriptors for three other stereo- and regioisomeric macrocycles also allowed the correct ranking of their cell permeability. Methods for conformational sampling may thus allow ranking of passive permeability for moderately flexible macrocycles, thereby contributing to the prioritization of macrocycles for synthesis in lead optimization.

6.
J Med Chem ; 64(2): 1054-1072, 2021 01 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33337880

RESUMO

Lead generation for difficult-to-drug targets that have large, featureless, and highly lipophilic or highly polar and/or flexible binding sites is highly challenging. Here, we describe how cores of macrocyclic natural products can serve as a high-quality in silico screening library that provides leads for difficult-to-drug targets. Two iterative rounds of docking of a carefully selected set of natural-product-derived cores led to the discovery of an uncharged macrocyclic inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction, a particularly challenging target due to its highly polar binding site. The inhibitor displays cellular efficacy and is well-positioned for further optimization based on the structure of its complex with Keap1 and synthetic access. We believe that our work will spur interest in using macrocyclic cores for in silico-based lead generation and also inspire the design of future macrocycle screening collections.


Assuntos
Produtos Biológicos/química , Compostos Policíclicos/síntese química , Compostos Policíclicos/farmacologia , Simulação por Computador , Mineração de Dados , Bases de Dados Factuais , Descoberta de Drogas , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Proteína 1 Associada a ECH Semelhante a Kelch/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteína 1 Associada a ECH Semelhante a Kelch/química , Microssomos Hepáticos , Modelos Moleculares , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2 , Compostos Policíclicos/química , Solubilidade , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
7.
ACS Comb Sci ; 20(2): 98-105, 2018 02 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29323868

RESUMO

We developed two Ugi-type three-component reactions of spirooxindole-fused 3-thiazolines, isocyanides, and either carboxylic acids or trimethylsilyl azide, to give highly functionalized spirooxindole-fused thiazolidines. Two diverse libraries were generated using practical and robust procedures affording the products in typically good yields. The obtained thiazolidines proved to be suitable substrates for further transformations. Notably, both the Ugi-Joullié and the azido-Ugi reactions resulted highly diastereoselective, affording predominantly the trans-configured products, as confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.


Assuntos
Técnicas de Química Combinatória/métodos , Indóis/química , Compostos de Espiro/química , Tiazolidinas/química , Tiazolidinas/síntese química , Aldeídos/química , Azidas/química , Ácidos Carboxílicos/química , Cristalografia por Raios X/métodos , Cianetos/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Estrutura Molecular , Silanos/química , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/química , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA