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1.
Curr Biol ; 33(4): R148-R150, 2023 02 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36854273

RESUMO

Only a few groups of plants can move their leaves at night. A new study documents sleep movements in fossil leaves that are older than the dinosaurs, suggesting that this behavior is much more ancient than previously appreciated.


Assuntos
Fósseis , Herbivoria , Animais , Insetos , Folhas de Planta , Sono , Biologia
2.
Commun Biol ; 5(1): 1154, 2022 10 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36310243

RESUMO

Continental ecosystems of the middle Permian Period (273-259 million years ago) are poorly understood. In South Africa, the vertebrate fossil record is well documented for this time interval, but the plants and insects are virtually unknown, and are rare globally. This scarcity of data has hampered studies of the evolution and diversification of life, and has precluded detailed reconstructions and analyses of ecosystems of this critical period in Earth's history. Here we introduce a new locality in the southern Karoo Basin that is producing exceptionally well-preserved and abundant fossils of novel freshwater and terrestrial insects, arachnids, and plants. Within a robust regional geochronological, geological and biostratigraphic context, this Konservat- and Konzentrat-Lagerstätte offers a unique opportunity for the study and reconstruction of a southern Gondwanan deltaic ecosystem that thrived 266-268 million years ago, and will serve as a high-resolution ecological baseline towards a better understanding of Permian extinction events.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Fósseis , Animais , África do Sul , Vertebrados , Plantas , Insetos
3.
New Phytol ; 190(3): 724-39, 2011 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21294735

RESUMO

• Paleobotanists have long used models based on leaf size and shape to reconstruct paleoclimate. However, most models incorporate a single variable or use traits that are not physiologically or functionally linked to climate, limiting their predictive power. Further, they often underestimate paleotemperature relative to other proxies. • Here we quantify leaf-climate correlations from 92 globally distributed, climatically diverse sites, and explore potential confounding factors. Multiple linear regression models for mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) are developed and applied to nine well-studied fossil floras. • We find that leaves in cold climates typically have larger, more numerous teeth, and are more highly dissected. Leaf habit (deciduous vs evergreen), local water availability, and phylogenetic history all affect these relationships. Leaves in wet climates are larger and have fewer, smaller teeth. Our multivariate MAT and MAP models offer moderate improvements in precision over univariate approaches (± 4.0 vs 4.8°C for MAT) and strong improvements in accuracy. For example, our provisional MAT estimates for most North American fossil floras are considerably warmer and in better agreement with independent paleoclimate evidence. • Our study demonstrates that the inclusion of additional leaf traits that are functionally linked to climate improves paleoclimate reconstructions. This work also illustrates the need for better understanding of the impact of phylogeny and leaf habit on leaf-climate relationships.


Assuntos
Clima , Internacionalidade , Paleontologia , Folhas de Planta/anatomia & histologia , Calibragem , Fósseis , Geografia , Modelos Biológicos , Tamanho do Órgão , Filogenia , Chuva , Análise de Regressão , Especificidade da Espécie , Temperatura
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