Assessment of workload in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery according to the Nursing Activities Score. / Avaliação da carga de trabalho no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca segundo o Nursing Activities Score.

Objective Identify factors associated with the workload of nursing care for patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Method Prospective cohort study conducted with 187 patients in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of the Instituto do Coração(Heart Institute) in São Paulo-Brazil. Data were collected at 24 and 72 hours of the patients' admittance in the ICU. The dependent variable was workload as calculated by the Nursing Activities Score (NAS). The independent variables were demographic and clinical, as well as mortality scores. For data analysis, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation were used, and linear regression with mixed effects model. Results The majority of patients were male (59.4%), with a mean age of 61 years (±12.7), and 43.9% developed some kind of complication in the postoperative period. In the first 24 hours, the workload was 82.4% (±3.4), and 58.1% (±3.4) in 72 hours. Factors associated with increased NAS were: patient's length of stay in the ICU (p=0.036) and the presence of complications (p<0.001). Conclusion In contrast to numerous other studies, the severity of the patient's condition in the first 24 hours of the postoperative period did not increase workload, the increase was associated with length of stay in the ICU and complications.

Avaliação da carga de trabalho no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca segundo o Nursing Activities Score / Evaluación de la carga de trabajo en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca según la Nursing Activities Score / Assessment of workload in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery according to the Nursing Activities Score

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar os fatores associados à carga de trabalho de enfermagem no cuidado a pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Método Estudo de coorte prospectivo, conduzido com 187 pacientes da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Cirúrgica (UTI) do Instituto do Coração. Os dados foram coletados nas primeiras 24 e 72 horas do paciente na UTI. A variável dependente foi a carga de trabalho calculada por meio do Nursing Activities Score (NAS) e as independentes foram de natureza demográfico-clínicas e escores de morbimortalidade. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se os testes de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney e de correlação de Spearman, e a regressão linear com modelo de efeitos mistos. Resultados A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (59,4%), com média de idade de 61 anos (±12,7) e 43,9% desenvolveram algum tipo de complicação no pós-operatório. Nas 24 horas, a carga de trabalho foi de 82,4% (±3,4) e foi de 58,1% (±3,4) nas 72 horas. Os fatores associados ao aumento do NAS foram: tempo de internação do paciente na UTI (p=0,036) e a presença de complicações (p<0,001). Conclusão A gravidade do paciente nas 24 horas, em oposição a inúmeros estudos, não influenciou no aumento da carga de trabalho, a qual se mostrou associada ao tempo de internação e às complicações.

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar los factores asociados con la carga de trabajo de enfermería en el cuidado de los pacientes después de la cirugía cardíaca. Método Estudio prospectivo de cohorte, realizado con 187 pacientes de la Unidad Quirúrgica de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) del Instituto do Coração. Los datos fueron recogidos en las primeras 24 y 72 horas el paciente en la UCI. La variable dependiente fue la carga de trabajo calculada por el Nursing Activities Score (NAS) y eran independientes de la naturaleza y de mortalidad puntajes demográficas y clínicas. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la prueba de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney y Spearman correlación y de regresión lineal con el modelo de efectos mixtos. Resultados La mayoría de los pacientes eran varones (59,4%) con una edad media de 61 años (±12,7) y 43,9% desarrollaron algún tipo de complicación en el postoperatorio. Dentro de 24 horas, la carga de trabajo fue 82,4% (±3,4) y 58,1% (±3,4) en 72 horas. Los factores asociados con el aumento de NAS fueron: longitud del paciente de la estancia en la UCI (p=0,036) y la presencia de complicaciones (p<0,001). Conclusión La gravedad de la paciente dentro de 24 horas, a diferencia de numerosos estudios, no afectó a la mayor carga de trabajo, que se asoció a la duración de la estancia y complicaciones.

ABSTRACT Objective Identify factors associated with the workload of nursing care for patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Method Prospective cohort study conducted with 187 patients in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of the Instituto do Coração(Heart Institute) in São Paulo-Brazil. Data were collected at 24 and 72 hours of the patients’ admittance in the ICU. The dependent variable was workload as calculated by the Nursing Activities Score (NAS). The independent variables were demographic and clinical, as well as mortality scores. For data analysis, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation were used, and linear regression with mixed effects model. Results The majority of patients were male (59.4%), with a mean age of 61 years (±12.7), and 43.9% developed some kind of complication in the postoperative period. In the first 24 hours, the workload was 82.4% (±3.4), and 58.1% (±3.4) in 72 hours. Factors associated with increased NAS were: patient’s length of stay in the ICU (p=0.036) and the presence of complications (p<0.001). Conclusion In contrast to numerous other studies, the severity of the patient’s condition in the first 24 hours of the postoperative period did not increase workload, the increase was associated with length of stay in the ICU and complications.