RESUMO
The development of effective antiretroviral therapy for HIV has led to significant virological suppression and immune reconstitution, and resulted in dramatic reductions in HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, in children initial regimens were unpalatable and inconvenient due to a high pill burden. Management was further compromised by a paucity of pharmacokinetic data and the late development of associated toxicities. These factors have resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant virus in many treated children and adolescents. In this review, therapeutic options that may be available for treatment-experienced pediatric individuals are summarized on the basis of data from adult clinical trials evaluating protease, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase, fusion, integrase and CCR5 inhibitors.