RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study provides a theory-based snapshot of the processes involved in women's fertility intention formation and decisions regarding the timing of motherhood. BACKGROUND: The trend to defer childbearing is linked with both empowering and challenging outcomes for women. The cognitive-social (C-S) model suggests that deliberative thinking regarding reproduction occurs following fertility-relevant life transitions, which results in fluctuations in motherhood schemas and fertility intentions. This framework was applied to explore fertility intention formation. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve women who either had children or desired children. RESULTS: Two overarching themes central to the C-S model are discussed: (a) passive expectations and (b) deliberative intentions. Women's motherhood schemas were often underpinned by schematic structures (e.g. group norms and scripts) and material structures (e.g. observational influences). Life transitions and personal experiences tended to prompt deliberative thinking about motherhood plans. CONCLUSION: The results were generally consistent with the C-S model, but highlight complexities to consider when investigating fertility expectations and intentions.
Assuntos
Intenção , Comportamento Reprodutivo , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Fertilidade , ReproduçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of providing fertility information on personal levels of fertility knowledge and intentions to delay childbearing. METHODS: Participants (n=69 young childless women) were randomly assigned to either an experimental (fertility-related) or control (alcohol-related) informational intervention group. Subsequent to the exposure to information, participants completed a questionnaire measuring fertility knowledge and intentions for reproduction. We predicted that the provision of fertility-related information would result in greater fertility knowledge and less intention to delay childbearing among young childless women. RESULTS: The young women exposed to the brief fertility information intervention were significantly more likely to respond correctly to questions testing their fertility knowledge, and reported less intention to delay childbearing than the young women in the control group. CONCLUSION: This study provided evidence that providing fertility-related information contributes to greater reproductive knowledge and may affect childbearing intentions. Future research is warranted to examine the influence of fertility information on reproductive decision-making within a theoretical framework in order to ensure that subsequent information interventions maximize their effectiveness.
Objectif : Examiner les effets de l'offre de renseignements en matière de fertilité sur les niveaux personnels de connaissances au sujet de la fertilité et sur les intentions de différer la grossesse. Méthodes : Les participantes (n = 69 jeunes femmes sans enfants) ont été affectées au hasard à un groupe d'intervention informationnelle expérimental (traitant de fertilité) ou témoin (traitant d'alcool). À la suite de leur exposition aux renseignements, les participantes ont rempli un questionnaire mesurant les connaissances en matière de fertilité et les intentions en matière de procréation. Nous avions prédit que l'offre de renseignements traitant de fertilité entraînerait une amélioration des connaissances au sujet de la fertilité et une atténuation de l'intention de reporter la grossesse chez les jeunes femmes sans enfants. Résultats : Les jeunes femmes exposées à une brève intervention informationnelle traitant de fertilité ont été considérablement plus susceptibles de répondre correctement aux questions visant leurs connaissances au sujet de la fertilité; de plus, elles étaient moins susceptibles de signaler une intention de reporter la grossesse que les jeunes femmes du groupe témoin. Conclusion : Les données issues de cette étude indiquent que l'offre de renseignements traitant de fertilité contribue à l'amélioration des connaissances au sujet de la procréation et pourrait influencer les intentions en ce qui concerne la grossesse. La tenue d'autres recherches s'avère justifiée pour examiner l'influence des renseignements traitant de fertilité sur le processus décisionnel en matière de procréation dans un cadre théorique, de façon à ce que l'on puisse s'assurer que les interventions informationnelles subséquentes maximisent leur efficacité.
Assuntos
Tomada de Decisões , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Comportamento Reprodutivo , Feminino , Fertilidade , Humanos , Intenção , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Physical activity is essential for long-term chronic pain management, yet individuals struggle to participate. Exercise professionals, including fitness instructors, and personal trainers, are preferred delivery agents for education and instruction on chronic pain, physical activity, and strategies to use adherence-promoting behavioral skills. However, exercise professionals receive no relevant training during certification or continuing education opportunities to effectively support their participants living with chronic pain. Based on the ORBIT model for early pre-efficacy phases of development and testing of new behavioral treatments, the present Phase IIa proof-of-concept study was conducted. The purpose was to examine the impacts of a newly developed chronic pain and physical activity training workshop on psychosocial outcomes among exercise professionals. Outcomes included knowledge and attitudes regarding chronic pain, attitudes and beliefs about the relationship between pain and impairment, and self-efficacy to educate and instruct participants with chronic pain. METHODS: Forty-eight exercise professionals (Mage=44.4±11.0 years) participated in a three-hour, in-person workshop that was offered at one of four different locations. Participants completed pre- and post-workshop outcome assessment surveys. RESULTS: Mixed MANOVA results comparing time (pre- versus post-workshop) by workshop location (sites 1 to 4) illustrated a significant within-subjects time effect (p<0.001). All outcomes significantly improved from pre- to post-workshop (p's<0.001), demonstrating large effect sizes (partial eta-squared values ranging from 0.45 to 0.59). CONCLUSIONS: Findings offer early phase preliminary support for the effectiveness of the chronic pain and physical activity training workshop for exercise professionals. Based on ORBIT model recommendations, findings warrant future phased testing via a pilot randomized clinical trial as well as testing for impacts that trained professionals have on activity adherence among their clients living with chronic pain. Eventual workshop adoption by exercise professional certification organizations would ensure widespread and sustainable access to qualified exercise professionals to help individuals engage in physical activity. By increasing the capacity of available exercise professionals to deliver effective support, active individuals could better manage their chronic pain and live well.