Impact of vitamin D levels on ovarian reserve and ovarian response to ovarian stimulation in oocyte donors.

Recently, growing interest in vitamin D has emerged from findings that demonstrate a low vitamin D status in populations. Similarly, much interest has been shown in the role that anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays in reproductive physiology. Considerable confusion as to whether vitamin D status is related to ovarian function can be found in the literature. Our retrospective study was performed from June 2014 to April 2015. Oocyte donors were recruited and stimulated under the antagonist protocol with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist to trigger ovulation. In 851 stimulation cycles, we determined the association among serum total and bioavailable vitamin D levels, ovarian reserve and response to ovarian stimulation and the reproductive outcome in their recipients. We showed that vitamin D levels were unrelated to ovarian reserve or ovarian response after ovarian stimulation; in oocyte recipients, gestational outcome did not differ according to a donor's vitamin D serum status. No correlation was observed between serum AMH and vitamin D. Bioavailable vitamin D was not related to recipients' ongoing pregnancy rate. Highly prevalent vitamin D insufficiency neither impaired ovarian reserve nor response or oocyte quality in egg donors. No evidence was found for recommending the analysis of vitamin D status in oocyte donors.

Dual Triggering With Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist and Standard Dose Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Patients With a High Immature Oocyte Rate.

In in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, some patients show a high rate of immature oocytes retrieved after controlled ovarian stimulation. In vitro oocyte maturation is an experimental technique, with poorer results than conventional IVF. For this reason, improving in vivo maturation could meliorate the reproductive outcome of these patients. We performed a retrospective, not interventional, study analyzing the difference in the number and percentage of mature oocytes retrieved in patients with more than 50% immature oocytes in a previous IVF cycle triggered with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) compared to the number and rate of mature oocytes retrieved in subsequent cycles, triggered with both gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) and hCG. The number of mature oocytes retrieved with a dual trigger was significantly higher than that for hCG alone: 5.3 ± 3.6 (4.4-6.1) versus 2.4 ± 2.2 (2-2.9). The proportion of mature oocytes showed the same tendency (79.6% vs 43.6%). The implantation, clinical, and ongoing pregnancy rates were 17.3%, 26.9%, and 15.3%, respectively, for the hCG trigger and 30.8%, 43.6%, and 31.6%, respectively, for the dual trigger. In patients with a low percentage of retrieved mature oocytes, who were triggered with a combination of GnRH-a and hCG, the number and percentage of retrieved mature oocytes improved. The dual trigger also seemed to meliorate gestational outcomes after IVF.