The Optimal Effective Dose of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes in Wound Healing.

INTRODUCTION: Although the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSC-exos) on wound healing with different doses are shown in various studies, efficient and sufficient doses of ADSC-exos are still unknown. The study aimed to determine the optimal dose of ADSC-exos in wound healing. METHODS: The 45 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, with seven animals in each. After dorsal circular defects were created, each wound was injected as follows: group 1: saline, group 2: 10 µg/mL of ADSC-exos, group 3: 100 µg/mL of ADSC-exos, group 4: 200 µg/mL of ADSC-exos, and group 5: 400 µg/mL of ADSC-exos. The effects of ADSC-exos on epithelization, angiogenesis, and collagen formation were analyzed macroscopically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically on day 14. RESULTS: A total of 200 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL ADSC-exos groups had higher epithelial tongue length, epithelial tongue area, and angiogenesis scores than the other groups. Although there was no statistical difference in fibrosis scores among groups, collagen fibers were becoming well-organized as the ADSC-exos doses increased. While the wound area was clinically smaller in the 200 µg/mL ADSC-exos group, there was no statistically significant difference among groups on day 14. CONCLUSIONS: A total of 200 µg/mL of ADSC-exos was found to be the adequate and effective dose for re-epithelialization and angiogenesis in cutaneous wound healing. Moreover, the collagen density increased with a more regular pattern in the 200 µg/mL group, which can be important in scar regulation.

Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Axon Numbers in Mental Nerve Repair.

Aim: The mental nerve, the extended part of the inferior alveolar nerve, is often injured during dentoalveolar, orthognathic, or tumor surgery. Numerous therapeutic interventions, including surgery and pharmacotherapy, have been used to enhance the recovery of nerve injuries. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) represent an easily accessible source of adult stem cells that can be isolated from the pulp of extracted teeth. This study evaluated the effect of DPSCs on the regeneration of the mental nerve injury model of rabbits. Methods: In this presented study, DPSCs were cultured and cell characterizations were performed by using flow cytometry and immunostainings. Bilateral mental nerve injury models of rabbits were created. In the control group (n = 10), saline was applied, and in the study group (n = 10), 2 × 106 DPSCs were applied to the repaired nerve areas. After 3 weeks, animals were killed and histological examination was obtained by using Masson's trichrome staining. An unpaired Student's t test was used when comparing the groups. Differences were considered to be statistically significant at P values of less than 0.05. Results: The DPSCs demonstrated a homogeneous population of mesenchymal stromal cells which expressed cluster of differentiation CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 and lack of CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Our finding clearly demonstrated that a lower number of cross-sectioned axons were founded in the control group (60.18 ± 2.52) compared to the study group (72.96 ± 2.43) (p = 0.00). Conclusions: DPSCs promote mental nerve axonal regeneration. These results suggest that DPSCs provide an important accessible source of adult stem cells for mental nerve regeneration.

The evaluation of changes in maxillofacial bones using cone beam tomography in acromegaly

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in craniofacial dimensions of newly diagnosed anduntreated acromegaly patients, patients with non-functional pituitary adenoma and healthy individuals on ConeBeam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Material and Methods: 50 newly diagnosed acromegaly patients who did not receive any treatment for acromegalywere included in the study (Group A). Twenty patients with nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (Group B) and 30healthy individuals were included (Group C). Linear, angular and volumetric measurements were performed.Results: Mandibular length showed significant difference in acromegaly patients, and maxillar length statisticallysignificant difference was found between the A-B and B-C (p> 0,05), no difference was found between the A-C(p<0,05). SNB and ANB angle was statistically different in all groups, while SNA angle was statistically different between group A-C and B-C. In volumetric measurements, a statistically significant difference was foundbetween groups a-c and groups A-B (p< 0,05), no difference was found between groups B-C (p>0,05).Conclusions: CBCT measurements showed that mandibular volume and length were increased in the acromegalygroup compared to the group B-C. Present study is the first research that compares acromegaly patients in respectto changes in maxillofacial dimensions. (AU)

The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio as a marker of recovery status in patients with severe dental infection

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the value of pretreatment neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio and mean platelet volume (MPV) and the correlation between these markers with progression in patients with severe odontogenic infection. Material and Methods: A cohort of 100 patients with severe odontogenic infection were divided into 2 groups according to their length of hospital stay. The N/L ratio and MPV was measured in all patients. The correlation in all patients between preoperative fever, preoperative antibiotic doses, postoperative antibiotic doses, total antibiotic doses and hospital stay with N/L ratio and MPV were analyzed. The Youden index was used to identify the optimal cut-off value. Results: There were positive and statistically significant correlations between N/L ratio and prolonged hospital stay and postoperative antibiotic doses and total antibiotic doses. The optimum cut -off level of N/L ratio was 5.19 according to ROC analysis. However, there was no correlation between MPV and any of these parameters. Conclusions: N/L ratio may be used as a prognostic marker for patients with odontogenic infections. These patients may need a higher dose of antibiotics and stay more than 1 day in hospital for the treatment of odontogenic infection when the N/L ratio is detected to be more than 5.19 (AU)

No disponible