The principles of tomorrow's university.

In the 21st Century, research is increasingly data- and computation-driven. Researchers, funders, and the larger community today emphasize the traits of openness and reproducibility. In March 2017, 13 mostly early-career research leaders who are building their careers around these traits came together with ten university leaders (presidents, vice presidents, and vice provosts), representatives from four funding agencies, and eleven organizers and other stakeholders in an NIH- and NSF-funded one-day, invitation-only workshop titled "Imagining Tomorrow's University." Workshop attendees were charged with launching a new dialog around open research - the current status, opportunities for advancement, and challenges that limit sharing. The workshop examined how the internet-enabled research world has changed, and how universities need to change to adapt commensurately, aiming to understand how universities can and should make themselves competitive and attract the best students, staff, and faculty in this new world. During the workshop, the participants re-imagined scholarship, education, and institutions for an open, networked era, to uncover new opportunities for universities to create value and serve society. They expressed the results of these deliberations as a set of 22 principles of tomorrow's university across six areas: credit and attribution, communities, outreach and engagement, education, preservation and reproducibility, and technologies. Activities that follow on from workshop results take one of three forms. First, since the workshop, a number of workshop authors have further developed and published their white papers to make their reflections and recommendations more concrete. These authors are also conducting efforts to implement these ideas, and to make changes in the university system.  Second, we plan to organise a follow-up workshop that focuses on how these principles could be implemented. Third, we believe that the outcomes of this workshop support and are connected with recent theoretical work on the position and future of open knowledge institutions.

Exponentially decaying correlations in a gas of strongly interacting spin-polarized 1D fermions with zero-range interactions.

We consider the single-particle correlations and momentum distributions in a gas of strongly interacting, spinless 1D fermions with zero-range interactions. This system represents a fermionic version of the Tonks-Girardeau gas of impenetrable bosons as it can be mapped to a system of noninteracting 1D bosons. We use this duality to show that the T = 0, single-particle correlations exhibit an exponential decay with distance. This strongly interacting system is experimentally accessible using ultracold atoms and has a Lorentzian momentum distribution at large momenta whose width is given by the linear density.

Tunable bands of electronic image states in nanowire lattices.

We demonstrate that suspended arrays of parallel nanowires support bound electron image states with rich band structures. Surprisingly, these Bloch states can be highly detached from the surfaces of the nanowires, similar to the single-tube wave functions. This is because an electron hovering in such a periodic lattice of nanowires is influenced by a Coulombic-like attraction and a centrifugal repulsion, which are both central symmetric around each wire. These novel states could be used in building of waveguides, mirrors, and storage places for Rydberg-like electrons.

Nonclassical paths in the recurrence spectrum of diamagnetic atoms.

Using time-independent scattering matrices, we study how the effects of nonclassical paths on the recurrence spectra of diamagnetic atoms can be extracted from purely quantal calculations. This study reveals an intimate relationship between two types of nonclassical paths: exotic ghost orbits and diffractive orbits. This relationship proves to be a previously unrecognized reason for the success of semiclassical theories, such as closed-orbit theory, and permits a comprehensive reformulation of the semiclassical theory that elucidates its convergence properties.

Tuning the interactions of spin-polarized fermions using quasi-one-dimensional confinement.

We develop a multichannel scattering theory for atom-atom collisions in quasi-1D geometries. We apply our general framework to the low energy scattering of two spin-polarized fermions and show that tightly confined fermions have infinitely strong interactions at a particular value of the 3D, free-space p-wave scattering volume. Moreover, we describe a mapping of this strongly interacting system of two quasi-1D fermions to a weakly interacting system of two 1D bosons.

Highly extended image states around nanotubes.

We predict that freely suspended, linear molecular conductors or dielectrics, such as carbon nanotubes, can support electronic states that are localized far from the surface. These "tubular image states" are formed in extended potential wells resulting from the tug of war between the external electron's attraction to its image charge in the nanotube, and its repulsion from the tube due to its transverse angular momentum. The displacement of these states (>10 nm) away from the surface prevents their wave functions from collapsing, resulting in long lifetimes at low temperatures. We predict that tubular image states with binding energies of 1-10 meV can be formed via radiative recombination.