Dietary Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Growth Performance, Digestion, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Juvenile Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii).

Fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) is a kind of economic fish that is widely consumed by human, and its intensive farming technology is making important progress. However, high-density farming may cause the occurrence of diseases in H. otakii. Cinnamaldehyde (CNE) is a new feed additive for aquatic animals and has a positive effect on disease resistance. In the study, dietary CNE was evaluated on the growth performance, digestion, immune response, and lipid metabolism of juvenile H. otakii (6.21 ± 0.19 g). Six experimental diets were formulated containing CNE at levels of 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg for 8 weeks. The percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival (SR), and feeding rate (FR) were significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly decreased among the groups fed CNE supplemented diets (P < 0.05). A significant decrease in hepatosomatic index (HSI) was observed in fish fed 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg CNE compared to the control diet (P < 0.05). Fish-fed diets containing 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg CNE had a higher level of crude protein in muscles than the control diet (P < 0.05). Moreover, the activities of lipase (LPS) and pepsin (PEP) in the intestinal were markedly increased in juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE (P < 0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter, protein, and lipid was significantly increased with CNE supplement (P < 0.05). The activities of catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the liver were markedly enhanced by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the liver were markedly enhanced in juvenile H. otakii treated with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Additionally, the levels of total protein (TP) in the serum were markedly increased by including CNE in juvenile H. otakii diets compared with the control (P < 0.05). In the CNE200, CNE400, and CNE600 groups, albumin (ALB) levels in the serum were markedly higher compared with that in the control (P < 0.05). In the CNE200 and CNE400 groups, the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the serum were significantly increased compared with that the control group (P < 0.05). The juvenile H. otakii-fed dietary CNE had lower triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TCHO) levels in the serum than fish-fed CNE-free diets (P < 0.05). The gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) in the liver was significantly increased by including CNE in fish diets regardless of the inclusion level (P < 0.05). However, fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACCα) in the liver were markedly decreased with CNE supplements 400 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The glucose-6-phosphate1-dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene expression levels in the liver were markedly decreased compared with the control (P < 0.05). The optimal supplementation level of CNE was shown by curve equation analysis to be 590.90 mg/kg.

Establishment, FEM analysis and experimental validation of tooth movement prediction model of orthodontic archwire T-loop.

BACKGROUND: The T-loop has been used clinically to close gap between teeth. And it is a typical orthodontic archwire bending method. However, the design of the T-loop parameters for different patients is based on the clinical experience of the dentists. The variation in dentists' clinical experience is the main reason for inadequate orthodontic treatment, even high incidence of postoperative complications. METHODS: Firstly, the tooth movement prediction model is established based on the analysis of the T-loop structure and the waxy model dynamic resistance. As well as the reverse reconstruction of the complete maxillary 3D model based on the patient CBCT images, the oral biomechanical FEM analysis is completed. A maxillary waxy dental model is manufactured to realize the water-bath measurement experiment in vitro mimicking the oral bio-environment. Thus, the calculated, simulation and experimental data are obtained, as well as obtaining a cloud of total deformation from the simulation analysis. RESULTS: The growth trend of the 11 sets of simulation data is the same as that of the experimental data. And all of them show that the tooth displacement is positively correlated with the cross-sectional size of the archwire, and the clearance distance. As well as the higher Young's modulus of the archwire material, the greater the tooth displacement. And the effect of archwire parameters on tooth displacement derived from simulation and experimental data is consistent with the prediction model. The experimental and calculated data are also compared and analyzed, and the two kinds of data are basically consistent in terms of growth trends and fluctuations, with deviation rates ranging from 2.17 to 10.00%. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the accuracy and reliability of the tooth movement prediction model can be verified through the comparative analysis and deviation calculation of the obtained calculated, simulation and experimental data, which can assist dentists to safely and efficiently perform orthodontic treatment on patients. And the FEM analysis can achieve predictability of orthodontic treatment results.

[The development of database system of electrocardiographic information].

An ECG information database system was established with 1297 ECG information records and clinical informations. The data and the analysis software in this database can be shared with the international physiological signal databases such as MIT-BIH Arrhythmia. The establishment of this database will facilitate the clinical interpretation, diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular diseases, especially the cardiac sudden death (SCD).

[Evaluation of treatment technology of odor pollution source in petrochemical industry].

Using an environmental technology assessment system, we put forward the evaluation index system for treatment technology of the typical odor pollution sources in the petroleum refining process, which has been applied in the assessment of the industrial technology. And then the best available techniques are selected for emissions of gas refinery sewage treatment plant, headspace gas of acidic water jars, headspace gas of cold coke jugs/intermediate oil tank/dirty oil tank, exhaust of oxidative sweetening, and vapors of loading and unloading oil.

[Expression of mammalian target of rapamycin and p70 S6 kinase in rabbit periodontal tissues remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement].

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p70 S6 kinase (p70 S6K) in periodontal tissues remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS: Twenty-four rabbits were chosen to establish rabbit models for the study. The right maxillary teeth of each animal treated by orthodontics were the test sides, and the untreated left teeth were the control sides. The animals were sacrificed at 3, 5, 7, 14 d, respectively. The prepared tissue specimens were processed for the study of the change in the histologic morphology with HE staining and the expression of p70 S6K in periodontal tissues by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot techniques. RESULTS: In the test side, the tranecula of bone became porous and cells arrayed disorderly, resorption of alveolar bone was observed in histological study. There were many holes in the alveolar bone, osteoblasts were occasionally observed. RT-PCR showed that the expression of p70 S6K mRNA dramatically changed at 3 d. The expression of p70 S6K mRNA in treating periodontal tissues was higher than the control side, especially at 7 d, and then decreased. Compared with the control side, there was significant difference in statistical analysis (P<0.01). The expression of Western blot was same as the RT-PCR. CONCLUSION: Higher expression of mTOR and p70 S6K during orthodontic tooth movement especially plays an important role in the process of periodontium remodeling.

High photocatalytic capability of self-assembled nanoporous WO3 with preferential orientation of (002) planes.

Self-assembled nanoporous tungsten oxide (WO3) with preferential orientation (002) planes was successfully synthesized on the tungsten sheet by anodization in a 0.2 wt % NaF and 0.3% (V/V) HF mixture solution in a 1:1 ratio. The pores, of a highly ordered self-assembled structure, had an average size of approximately 70 nm. X-ray diffraction identified a monoclinic WO3 structure and fine preferential orientation of (002) planes. A maximum photoconversion efficiency of 17.2% was obtained for the self-assembled nanoporous WO3 under high-pressure mercury lamp illumination. The photocatalytic (PC) degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in aqueous solution using the self-assembled nanoporous WO3 photocatalyst, performed under both high-pressure mercury lamp and Xe lamp illumination, showed more excellent PC capability than WO3 film and TiO2 nanotube arrays.